Chrysanthia viridissima
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Chrysanthia viridissima |
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| Chrysanthia viridissima | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
| Images of Chrysanthia viridissima | ||
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| Photo 3: hairiness | ||
| Image 1: Front and middle hips touch | Fig. 2: Head, deflection of the antennae, egg-shaped eyes |
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| Figure 4: side view | ||
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| Photo 5: top view | Image 6: underside | |
Chrysanthia viridissima is a beetle fromthe shamrock beetle family (Oedemeridae). The metallic green, blue or copper colored beetle is quite common. It becomes seven to ten millimeters long. The species is listedas extinct or lost in North Rhine-Westphalia . On the “Red List of Deadwood Beetles in Baden-Württemberg” it is classified as “not endangered”.
The species was first listed in 1758 in the famous 10th edition of Linnés Systema naturae in the genus Cantharis under the number 28 as Cantharis viridissima and described with the words Cantharis thorace teretiusculo, corpore viridi ( Latin: a Cantharis with a cylindrical breast and green body ) . He only differentiates the species from the preceding and following species by its color, which explains the species name viridissima (Latin: very green). The genus Chrysanthia was only defined in 1844, the name is from Altgr. Derived from χρυσός chrysós, gold and άνθος ánthos, blossom. The genus is represented by eight species, all of which also occur in Europe.
Description of the beetle
As with all mock horned beetles, the front hip cavities are open at the back. The front hips are cone-shaped and touch. At the base they are only separated by a small triangular extension on the front chest. The same goes for the mid-hips and mid-chest (picture 1). The hind hips are separated (picture 6). The front rails have two end pins. The hind tarsi are four-limbed, all others five-limbed (tarsi formula 5-5-4). In all tarsi the limb in front of the claw limb is widened like a lobe on both sides. Only the first link of the hind tarsi is tomentose below.
The pronotum is elongated, heart-shaped, rounded on the sides and unedged. It is significantly narrower than the elytra.
The head is stretched forward and not suddenly constricted behind the temples. The eyes are on the side of the head. They are highly arched and ovate when viewed from the side. The forehead is much wider between the eyes than between the antennae turns. The antennae are eleven-link and thread-shaped and arise far in front of the eyes (Fig. 2). The second antenna element is relatively long, about half as long as the third. The jaw probe is four-part. The first link is very small, the end link of the jaw probe is ax-shaped (can be seen in Figs. 5 and 6, otherwise shortened in perspective).
The wing covers are bent down to the sides and only slightly narrowed backwards. The rounded shoulders clearly protrude beyond the base of the pronotum. Each wing cover has four slightly raised veins. Three can be seen in the supervision. The fourth (lateral) arises from the shoulder bulge and runs parallel to the lateral edge of the elytra, widely separated from it. In Fig. 4, the strip at the wing end that appears golden-green due to the exposure is limited by the third wing vein and the edge of the wing covers. The wing covers gape slightly at the back and the seam is at most marginalized near the tip.
Chrysanthia viridissima differs from the similar species Chrysanthia geniculata (formerly Ch. Nigricornis ) by the hairiness, the formation of the pronotum and the ribs on the elytra and the color. The hairiness of the elytra is shorter in Ch. Viridissima than in Ch. Geniculata and directed backwards, in Ch. Geniculata obliquely outward. Long, black, protruding bristle hairs stand between the adjacent hairs in Ch. Geniculata , but not in Ch. Viridissima (Fig. 3). The pronotum is longer in Ch. Viridissima than in Ch. Geniculata and its anterior margin is slightly edged, while in Ch. Viridissima it is just truncated. In Ch. Viridissima the pronotum has a median longitudinal line, in Ch. Geniculata it does not. The elytra in Ch. Viridissima are lively dotted , so that the longitudinal ribs are also uneven, while in Ch. Geniculata the elytra are extinguished and the ribs protrude smoothly. The legs and antennae are dark in Ch. Viridissima , while in Ch. Geniculata the base of the antennae, thighs and splints are yellow. The front rails of both are yellow at the bottom.
Occurrence
The beetles are found in Europe , east to Siberia . They are quite common in southern central Europe. You can find them from June to July on flowers at the forest edges. In a Bavarian paper, deadwood (hardwood) in open forest structures is given as the habitat for the larva, in a Spanish publication, moist pine forests of a central European type.
Way of life
The adults are found mainly on sunny meadows, also on the edges of forests and on clear-cuts. The animals are found on flowers where they eat pollen . The larvae live in the wood and are xylophagous . According to Schmidl and Bussler 2004, they are classified as settlers from waste wood .
literature
- Jiři Zahradník, Irmgard Jung, Dieter Jung et al .: Käfer Central and Northwestern Europe , Parey Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-490-27118-1
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica - The beetles of the German Empire. Volume 3 p. 407, KG Lutz, Stuttgart 1911
- Edmund Reitter: Fauna Germanica - The beetles of the German Empire. 5 volumes, Stuttgart KG Lutz 1908–1916, digital library volume 134, Directmedia Publishing GmbH, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89853-534-7
- Heinz joy , Karl Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 8 . Teredilia Heteromera Lamellicornia . Elsevier, Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1969, ISBN 3-8274-0682-X .
- Klaus Koch : The Beetles of Central Europe Ecology . 1st edition. tape 2 . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1989, ISBN 3-87263-040-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chrysanthia viridissima in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 17, 2013
- ↑ Red lists at Science4you
- ↑ Red List of Deadwood Beetles in Baden-Württemberg, No. 70-.006-.001-. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Caroli Linnei, ... systema naturae ... 1758 first description, page 403
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
- ↑ Chrysanthia at BioLib
- ↑ Chrysanthia at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 17, 2013
- ^ Occurrence of Ch. Viridissima in hardwood
- ↑ pdf Occurrence of Ch. Viridissima in pine forests
- ↑ Classification as reclaimed wood colonists, No. 1019 ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
