Clitunno
| Clitunno | ||
 The Fonti di Clitunno in Pissignano |
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| Data | ||
| location | Perugia Province , Umbria , Italy | |
| River system | Tiber | |
| Drain over | Topino → Chiascio → Tiber → Tyrrhenian Sea | |
| source | Pissignano, Campello sul Clitunno 42 ° 50 ′ 16 " N , 12 ° 45 ′ 38" E |
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| muzzle | in Cannara in the Topino coordinates: 42 ° 59 ′ 40 ″ N , 12 ° 34 ′ 58 ″ E 42 ° 59 ′ 40 ″ N , 12 ° 34 ′ 58 ″ E
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| length | approx. 40 km | |
| Communities | Bevagna , Campello sul Clitunno , Cannara , Trevi | |
The Clitunno (in ancient times Clitumnus ) is a 40 km long river in the province of Perugia in Umbria in Italy , which flows into the Topino at Cannara as a tributary .
course
The river rises near Pissignano , a district approx. 3 km northwest of the municipality of Campello sul Clitunno , province of Perugia and approx. 43 km southeast of Perugia at the Fonti di Clitunno . Then it flows northwest to Trevi , where it flows between Trevi and Cannaiola, a district of Trevi, further to the northeast and through Bevagna . After Capro (Bevagna) it joins the Timia and flows south of Cannara as a left tributary into the Topino , which flows over the Chiascio into the Tiber .
history
In antiquity, the clitumnus was mainly known for its sources, which were described in detail by the younger Pliny in the manner of a Locus amoenus . With them was a sanctuary of the river god of the same name. In honor of this Iupiter Clitumnus , the festival of the Clitumnalia was celebrated in May . The temple, also known and visited as the oracle site, was under the supervision of the city of Hispellum , to which the Emperor Augustus had given this area. A visit by the emperor Caligula there is documented. In the early Middle Ages the temple was converted into a church. The scenic beauties of the Clitumnus were praised by ancient writers. In the 19th century, Byron and Giosuè Carducci dedicated poems to the spring and the river. Carducci wrote in his Odi barbare under the title Alle Fonti del Clitumno :
"Salve, Umbria verde, e tu del puro fonte nume Clitumno!"
literature
- Raymond Victor Schoder: Clitumnus. Temple of Jupiter-Clitumnus, Umbria, Italy . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
- Conrad Streit: Florence, Tuscany, Umbria , Walter Verlag, Olten and Freiburg im Breisgau 1972, ISBN 3530858013
- Giovanni Uggeri: Clitumnus. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 3, Metzler, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-476-01473-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani, accessed October 29, 2011 (Italian)
- ↑ Pliny, epistulae 8, 8 .
- ^ Suetonius , Gaius 43, 1 .
- ↑ Virgil, Georgica 2, 146 ; Properz 2, 19 and 3, 22 ; Statius, Silvae 1, 4, 129 .
- ^ Child Harolds Pilgrimage , canto 4:46 .
- ^ Quote from Streit: Florenz, Toskana, Umbrien , p. 214.
- ↑ German: "Greetings, Umbria, green, and you, the loud source deity, Clitumno!"