Coccoloba
| Coccoloba | ||||||||||||
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Coccoloba uvifera , infructescence |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Coccoloba | ||||||||||||
| P. Brownne |
Coccoloba is a genus of plants within the knotweed family(Polygonaceae). The approximately 120 species arewidespreadin the Neotropic . German-language common names for species of this genus are sea grape tree and sea grape.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Coccoloba species are woody plants that grow as evergreen shrubs , trees or lianas .
The alternately arranged leaves are depending on the species sitting or stalked. Depending on the species, the simple leaf blades are lanceolate to rounded or elliptical, more rarely egg-shaped. The leaf margin is whole and there is a sloping ochrea on the petioles .
Generative characteristics
Many flowers stand together in terminal, often overhanging, racemose inflorescences . The flowers are solitary or in smaller groups on the rachis, they are stalked and have an ochrea.
Coccoloba species are dioeciously segregated ( dioecious ). There are functionally male and female flowers , rarely also hermaphrodite ( Coccoloba cereifera ). The inflorescence is white or green-white to reddish and bell-shaped fused, with shorter tips, lobes. There are five tepals . There are eight stamens in the male flowers that have grown together at the base, a rudimentary pistil is still present. In the female flowers there is a medium to upper, partly short-stalked ovary with three styles, stamens are rudimentary.
The fruits are brown to black, single-seeded achenes surrounded by an often colorful, fleshy flower cover ( false fruit ).
The basic chromosome number is x = 11.
distribution
The genus Coccoloba is widespread in the Neotropics in the subtropical to mostly tropical areas from the southern USA to Mexico and Central and South America, including the Caribbean islands .
Systematics
The genus Coccoloba was set up in 1756 by the Irish botanist Patrick Browne in The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts , page 209-210, there with the name Coccolobis . The generic name Coccoloba P.Browne is opposite Coccolobis (Melbourne ICN Art. 14.11 & App. III) and Guaiabara Mill. Nom. rej. (Melbourne ICN Art. 14.4 & App. III) preserved. Another synonym for Coccoloba P.Browne is Campderia Benth.
There are around 120 species of Coccoloba (selection):
- Coccoloba ascendens Duss
- Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq.
- Coccoloba costata C. Wright ex Sauvalle
- Coccoloba cujabensis Wedd.
- Coccoloba diversifolia Jacq. ( Syn .: Coccoloba floridana Meisn. , Coccoloba laurifolia auct.): It occurs in Florida, Mexico, the Caribbean, Guatemala and Belize.
- Coccoloba dussii Lindau
- Coccoloba excoriata L.
- Coccoloba fagifolia Jacq.
- Coccoloba krugii Lindau
- Coccoloba laevis Casar.
- Coccoloba latifolia Lam. (Syn .: Coccoloba grandis Benth. )
- Coccoloba manzinellensis Beurl.
- Coccoloba meissneriana K.Schum.
- Coccoloba microstachya Willd.
- Coccoloba obovata Kunth
- Coccoloba pallida C. Wright
- Coccoloba polystachya Wedd.
- Coccoloba pubescens L. (Syn .: Coccoloba grandifolia Jacq. ): A German common name is leather coat tree. It is a tree in the mountain forests of the Caribbean that often reaches heights of growth of 20 to 25 meters, it has very large, almost circular, softly hairy leaves, the flowers are grouped in elongated grape-like inflorescences, and the fruits are edible. It occurs on the islands of Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Hispaniola, Martinique, Montserrat and Puerto Rico.
- Coccoloba punctata L.
- Coccoloba pyrifolia Desf.
- Coccoloba rugosa Desf.
- Coccoloba departed from Ana Lindau
- Coccoloba sintenisii Urban ex Lindau
- Coccoloba swartzii Meisn.
- Coccoloba tenuifolia L.
- Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L .: This species grows naturally on the beach. It is originally found in Florida, Mexico, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, the Caribbean islands Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat and is a neophyte in Hawaii.
- Coccoloba venosa L.
use
Coccoloba uvifera is most common in culture. The fruits of Coccoloba uvifera are edible; they are processed into jam and wine, among other things. The veined wood of Coccoloba uvifera is hard, heavy, has a beautiful red color and is used in furniture, among other things.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Craig C. Freeman: Coccoloba Browne - the same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 5 - Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2 , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 .
- ↑ a b Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Panama (WFO) . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Flora de Nicaragua . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
- ^ A b c d e Coccoloba in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on 2018-010-18.
- ↑ Coccoloba uvifera. In: Floridata. (English)
Web links
- Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Flora Mesoamericana . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Panama Checklist . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Peru Checklist . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Coccoloba at Tropicos.org. In: Bolivia Checklist . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis