Colobathristidae

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Colobathristidae
Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera)
Subordination : Bed bugs (heteroptera)
Partial order : Pentatomomorpha
Superfamily : Lygaeoidea
Family : Colobathristidae
Scientific name
Colobathristidae
Stål , 1865

The Colobathristidae are a family of bugs (Heteroptera) from the suborder Pentatomomorpha . It comprises 23 genera and 84 species.

features

The bugs are 6 to 20 millimeters long and usually have a very elongated body with slender legs and antennae , as well as a point-like structured body top. Many species, especially those of the genus Tricentrus , mimic the appearance of ants .

The head is directed strongly downwards, the compound eyes are strongly protruding and thus almost pedunculated. Point eyes ( Ocelli ) are formed. Both the long antennae and the labium are four-part. The long, narrow label ( scutellum ) is armed with thorns in some species. The margins of the hemielytres are slightly concave. The at least partially transparent or translucent corium usually has a triangular apical cell and the two clavias overlap and do not form a common seam. The veins of the membrane have receded or are missing. Most of the abdomen on the thorax is taken up by the evaporation area of ​​the scent glands. On the abdomen, the spirals of the second to fourth segments are dorsal , the rest are ventral . The abdomen is strongly constricted at the base. In females, the ovipositor has receded and is plate-shaped, with the seventh sternite not being divided in the middle. In males, the pear-shaped part of the spermatheca has a receding pump flange-shaped part, but the ductus of the spermatheca is elongated and coiled. In the nymphs , the olfactory gland openings are located on the abdomen between the third to sixth tergum , the front two being receded. The eggs are spindle-shaped.

distribution

The family is tropical. The subfamily Colobathristinae are represented in both the Oriental and Neotropical tropics with 11 genera each. The monotypical subfamily Dayakiellinae are limited in their distribution to Indonesia. There is no family in the tropics of Africa.

Way of life

The animals feed on grass as a phytophagus . A few species are considered pests in agriculture. Phaenacantha australiae causes z. B. Damage to sugar cane .

Taxonomy and systematics

The group was first described by Carl Stål in 1865 as a subfamily of the ground bugs (Lygaeidae) in the broader sense. Bergroth raised them to family rank in 1910. Subsequent authors put them both to the superfamily Lygaeoidea , as well as to the superfamily Coreoidea . The revision of the Pentatomomorpha with a focus on the Lygaeoidea by Henry in 1997 showed that the sister group of the family are the stilt bugs (Berytidae). They share the characteristics of the elongated, club-shaped first antennae segment, the thorn-proven shield and the posterior angulation of the metacoxae. The following subfamilies are distinguished:

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Family Cymidae. Australian Biological Resources Study. Australian Faunal Directory, accessed January 24, 2014 .
  2. ↑ a b c R.T. Schuh, JA Slater: True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York 1995, pp. 249f.
  3. ^ TJ Henry: Phylogenetic analysis of family groups within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with emphasis on the Lygaeoidea. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 90 (3): 275-301, 1997.

literature

  • RT Schuh, JA Slater: True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York 1995.

Web links