Oriental field cabbage
| Oriental field cabbage | ||||||||||||
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Oriental field cabbage ( Conringia orientalis ) |
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| Conringia orientalis | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Dumort. |
The oriental field cabbage ( Conringia orientalis ), also known as white field cabbage , is a species of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It is common in Southeast Europe , North Africa and West Asia.
The scientific generic name Conringia is dedicated to the legal scholar and physician Hermann Conring .
description
The oriental field cabbage grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of about 10 to 60 centimeters. It has a thin, whitish stake root . The upright stem is simple or sparsely branched and completely bare. The lowest leaves are obovate and have a narrowed base, the middle and upper leaves are elliptical-ovate, deeply heart-shaped, encompassing stems, with entire margins, glabrous and blue-green in color.
The flowering period is mainly between May and July. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four sepals are 5 to 8 millimeters long and stand upright. The four yellowish or greenish-white petals are 9 to 14 millimeters long, narrowly wedge-shaped and gradually merge into the nail. The stamens have no appendages. The scar is head-shaped and not divided. The stylus is 1 to 3 millimeters long.
The protruding fruit stalks are 6 to 18 mm long. The pods are 60 to 140 millimeters long, 2 to 3 millimeters thick and square shaped by a raised central nerve of the valves and contain many seeds. The dark brown seeds are 2 to 2.5 millimeters long.
The chromosome number is 2n = 14.
Occurrence and endangerment
Conringia orientalis occurs in Southeast Europe, North Africa and West Asia. In southern Central Europe it is probably a long-time citizen, while to the north of it it is mostly just abducted.
In Austria, the oriental field cabbage is found scattered in the Pannonian region , otherwise very rarely. In Switzerland it is rare and mostly inconsistent. The oriental field cabbage occurs more frequently in Germany only in the middle part, otherwise it is rare. Overall, it is often inconsistent in Germany.
Oriental field cabbage thrives in grain and rubble weed societies. It prefers warm, dry and calcareous soils . It is a caucalidion association character in Central Europe.
In Germany it is classified in hazard category 2 = highly endangered.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland . 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrated flora . Paul Parey Verlag, Berlin et al. 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
Web links
- Oriental field cabbage. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 26, 2015.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )