Cornelis Schalker

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cornelis ("Cees / Kees") Johannes Pieter Schalker (born July 31, 1890 in The Hague ; † February 12, 1944 in Scheveningen ) was a Dutch communist politician and resistance fighter against the German occupation .

Life

Schalker attended elementary school and commercial evening school in Delft . Until 1933 he worked as a commercial clerk at "Calvé" in Delft. In 1914 he joined the Social Democratic Labor Party ( Dutch Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij , SDAP). In 1916 he switched to the Marxist Social Democratic Party ( Dutch Sociaal-Democratische Partij , SDP), from which the Communist Party of Holland ( Dutch Communist Partij Holland , CPH) emerged in November 1918 . It was renamed the Communist Party of the Netherlands ( Dutch Communist Partij van Nederland , CPN) in 1935.

From December 1919 to April 1929 Schalker was a member of the Delft City Council, from September 1931 to July 1937 he was a member of the Amsterdam City Council . From July 1933 to June 1937 he was a member of the Second Chamber of the Dutch Parliament. In parliament he was the spokesman for his party's agriculture and foreign policy.

In 1925 Schalker was elected to the Central Committee of the Dutch CP. 1929/30 Schalker worked as secretary of the Provincial Committee South Holland of the CP. From 1930 he was political secretary of the Central Committee of the Dutch CP. At the VII World Congress of the Comintern in the summer of 1935 he was elected as a candidate for the Executive Committee of the Communist International (EKKI). In 1937/1938 he represented the CP of the Netherlands at the Comintern in Moscow . In 1938 he became secretary of the CP Central Committee of the Netherlands and was chairman of the Rotterdam CP from 1938 until his death. In 1939/40 he was a member of the Rotterdam City Council.

After the occupation of the Netherlands by the Wehrmacht in May 1940, Schalker became a member of the illegal leadership of the Communist Party of the Netherlands. He was the organizer of the illegal party newspaper De Waarheid , which first appeared in November 1940. He actively participated in the resistance against the Nazi occupiers. Schalker was arrested in Utrecht on November 14, 1943 . He was imprisoned in the prison in Scheveningen - the so-called " Oranjehotel " - and shot on February 12, 1944 in Waalsdorpervlakte .

family

Schalker had been married since 1914 and had a son and a daughter. His son, Jan Schalker (1914–1978), was also a well-known communist politician after the war.

literature

Web links