Austrian dog chamomile

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Austrian dog chamomile
Austrian dog chamomile (Cota austriaca)

Austrian dog chamomile ( Cota austriaca )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Anthemideae
Genre : Cota
Type : Austrian dog chamomile
Scientific name
Cota austriaca
( Jacq. ) Sch.Bip.

The Austrian dog chamomile ( Cota austriaca (Jacq.) Sch. Bip. , Syn .: Anthemis austriaca Jacq. ) Is a species of the genus Cota within the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

description

illustration

The Austrian dog chamomile is a one to two year old, hibernating green, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 20 to 60 centimeters. The stem is richly branched. The woolly hairy leaves are twice pinnate with more or less comb-shaped arranged end sections.

The flowering period extends from July to September. The wicker stems are not thickened at the time of fruiting. Many baskets stand together in a compound whole inflorescence . The basket bottom is hemispherical. The chaff leaves are lanceolate with a stiff, short tip. The flower head contains ray and tubular flowers. The ray-flowers are white.

The achenes are smooth, clearly compressed, flattened and square.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

The leaves are woolly hairy and remarkably regular, comb-shaped to pinnate.
The basket base is hemispherical.
Tubular flower: the fruit is somewhat compressed, rhombic and bordered on the sides.
The chaff leaves are abruptly narrowed to a sharp point.

Occurrence

The Austrian dog chamomile occurs in southern Eastern Europe and in the eastern Mediterranean region, in Turkey, on the Balkan Peninsula, in Romania, Austria, Hungary, northern Italy and in southern Germany. From there the diaspores are repeatedly dragged away. The plants are particularly good along the railway lines and port facilities. In Germany, the species penetrates further west along the Elbe and Danube and along the Rhine. In Saxony, in the Palatinate, in the catchment area of ​​the Main and in the southeastern Franconian Jura, it is very rarely found, in Lower Austria and Burgenland it occurs in a scattered manner, otherwise it is only dragged away and mostly inconsistent. In Switzerland it is only found as an adventitious plant . Sometimes it is brought in with grain and red clover seeds .

The Austrian dog chamomile needs sandy-stony, fairly dry, nitrogen-rich, lime-rich soil in warm summer locations. It populates roadsides, dams, nearby wasteland and fields. It occurs in Central Europe in societies of the Secalietea class, the Sisymbrion or Onopordion association and in the northern Upper Rhine area is a character species of the Papaveretum argemones from the association Aperion spicae-venti.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 95th completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 , p. 769 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 6 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Asteridae): Valerianaceae to Asteraceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1996, ISBN 3-8001-3343-1 , p. 147 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Austrian dog chamomile. In: FloraWeb.de.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 , pp. 497 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 4 : Nightshade plants to daisy plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X , p. 360 .
  6. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  931-932 .

Web links

Commons : Cota austriaca  - collection of images, videos and audio files