Cronenbourg

Cronenbourg in Strasbourg

Cronenbourg [kʁɔnɑ̃buʁ] ( German Cronenburg , later Kronenburg ) is a district in the west of Strasbourg .

Place name

From the 12th to the 14th century there was a castle here called the Kronenburg . The name was used in the French spelling Cronenbourg in 1869 to designate the new suburb northwest of Strasbourg.

While Alsace-Lorraine was part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1919, the place name was written as Kronenburg .

history

The "Kronenburg" castle was north of the road from Marlenheim to Wasselonne in the center of the Kochersberg . It was built by Frederick II at the beginning of the 13th century and destroyed in 1246 by the troops of the Bishop of Strasbourg . It was then rebuilt to monitor the road to Strasbourg, but destroyed again in 1369. In 1432 the city of Strasbourg erected its gallows at the fork of today's roads to Mittelhausbergen and Oberhausbergen in front of the "Cronenburger Tor". The first buildings in the district date from the 16th century.

The Cronenbourg district developed in the second half of the 19th century with the arrival of the railroad and the founding of the Hatt brewery. Of 550 inhabitants in 1866, this number reached 5,500 in 1900 and almost 10,000 in 1936 (20,800 in 1990).

Two roundhouse sheds were built in the southeast of the district in 1840. The Strasbourg West Cemetery was opened in 1891. In 1914 the new freight yard was built in the southeast of the district. The Compagnie des transports strasbourgeois , previously based near the Place des Halles , moved its depot here in 1931.

The wholesale market (or Marché-Gare) opened on December 1, 1965. The new slaughterhouse, which was to replace the slaughterhouse on Rue Sainte-Marguerite near the Central Station, was built from 1963 to 1968. It was demolished in 1999 to make way for the IKEA furniture store .

The western emergency center was built in 1986 near the motorway and the Westfriedhof. It replaces the former fire station on Kageneckstrasse in the Bahnhofsviertel.

geography

location

The quarter is delimited:

to the west and north through the city limits of Strasbourg with Oberhausbergen, Mittelhausbergen and Schiltigheim
to the east by the glacis of the old fortifications of the city center and the Marché-Gare
to the south by Oberhausbergenstrasse, which separates it from the Hautepierre district

The district is structured by the streets Oberhausbergen and Mittelhausbergen, which lead from the city center to Kochersberg.

The brewery

The district is known for the Kronenbourg brewery , one of the most important beer producers in France. The Hatt brewery, founded in 1664, relocated to Kronenburg in 1862. It took the name of the district in German spelling in the 20th century.

The old Cronenbourg

Cronenbourg, crossed by the Strasbourg tram since 1994 , consists of four very different parts. To the east of the railway line, which cuts the district in half, is the old Cronenburg, a popular residential area that emerged in the mid-19th century and whose development benefited from the brewery and the settlement of numerous railway workers.

The two most important planned expansions in the following period were the Quartier Saint-Florent in the north at the beginning of the 20th century and the Quartier des Cèdres in the 1980s. Due to a young and diverse population, good transport links by tram and numerous shops on Route de Mittelhausbergen, the old Cronenburg plays the role of the center for the district.

The extensions to the east and north of the railway line

In the northeast is the Cité Nucléaire, a district with apartment blocks that were built in the 1960s as social housing, at the same time as the construction of a research center for the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), from which the district owes its name. A nuclear reactor was in operation here from 1967 to 1997 .

To the south of the Cité Nucléaire, between the streets to Mittelhausbergen and Oberhausbergen, is the Saint-Antoine residential area, whose single-family houses date from the 1960s and 1970s.

A new residential area has been under construction since 2010: “Hochfelden”, located at the end of the street of the same name in the north of the railway line. It includes around 200 apartments, but also facilities in the service sector and in retail.

description

There are five churches in Cronenbourg: the Catholic churches of Saint Florent, Saint Antoine and the Good Shepherd, as well as the Protestant Church of the Redeemer and the Protestant Church of Cronenbourg-Cité. The Cronenbourg synagogue is on rue du Rieth. There are several cemeteries in the district: the Strasbourg Westfriedhof, the Strasbourg-Cronenbourg military cemetery and the Jewish cemetery on the Route d'Oberhausbergen.

One of the remarkable buildings is the Jean-Jacques-Rousseau Vocational School. It is an extension of the neighboring Camille-Hirtz primary school, which also houses a music school. The former public baths , opened in 1905 and closed in 1984, were restored for use by the Camille Hirtz School. The Venitian Villa - the oldest surviving structure in the district and the last remnant of the former railway depot - is now home to the Society of Parents of Mentally Handicapped People .

The district has a large park to the north of the railroad tracks ("Parc de la Bergerie"), two post offices (5, rue des Ormes and 98, rue de Hochfelden), a media library and a college . There are several sports facilities: the Iceberg ice rink, built in 2006, a skate park , the Stade de la Rotonde and the AS Cheminots rugby club.

The Cronenbourg police station was closed in 2011 and was located at 21 rue Lavoisier.