Croxall Hall
Croxall Hall is a manor house in the village of Croxall in the English county of Staffordshire , near the Derbyshire border . The restored and expanded house from the 16th century has English Heritage as a historical building II *. Grade listed.
The Croxall manor belonged to the Curzon family , who at the end of the 16th century had a new one built in place of the old manor house.
owner
The Curzon family
Croxall, then part of Derbyshire, was one of 140 manors given to Henry de Ferrers after the Norman conquest of England in 1066.
Croxall was awarded along with the manors of Edingale , Twyford and Kedlestone to Richard de Curzon ; Richard was the son of Giraline de Courson , a Breton nobleman who fought in the conquest of England. The family was originally associated with the city of Notre-Dame-de-Courson in France .
The family held the manors under the Earl of Derby until 1266, when the Ferrers' lands were added to the Duchy of Lancaster after the rebellion of Robert de Ferrers against the king . Under the duchy, the family held the manors until the end of the 14th century and then directly under the Crown of England.
Richard de Curzon had a son named Robert , who in turn had three sons: Richard , Thomas and Robert . Richard received Croxall, Edingale, and Twyford; the Curzons of Croxall descend from him. Thomas inherited Kedleston ; the Curzons of Kedleston descend from him. The third son, Robert, became a noted cardinal and was a schoolmate and friend of Pope Innocent III.
The division of the lands led to a dispute. Thomas had inherited Kedleston from his father, but his grandmother, Alice (formerly De Somerville ), objected that she inherited the manor from her husband. The dispute was resolved when Alice received the Croxall manor for life, after which it fell back to Richard.
The manor of Twyford was given to John Creweker in 1421 , leaving the Curzons with the two adjacent manors of Croxall and Edingale. It is not known when the Curzon family began to reside in Croxall. There was a house there before the family received the manorial rule, but the first known Curzon tombs in the parish church date back to the 14th century.
It was in the manor house that Joyce Curzon (later known as Lady De Appleby and then Mrs. Joyce Lewis ), a Protestant martyr, was born who was burned at the stake in Lichfield Market Square in 1557 . This was part of the persecution of the Protestants under Queen Mary (Bloody Mary).
Later owners
The property fell to the Sackville family , Earls of Dorset and later Dukes of Dorset after the death of the last male Curzon, Sir George Curzon , in 1622 . George's daughter and heir, Mary Curzon , brought the property with her into her marriage to Edward Sackville, 4th Earl of Dorset .
The Sackvilles spent less and less time at Croxall Hall from the mid-18th century, and there is evidence that they rented the manor to local farmers during this period.
Around 1779 John Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset , sold the property to John Prinsep , a wealthy East Indian merchant and later MP. The nature of the sale is unknown, but there is evidence that Prinsep acquired the mansion as a result of a bet. His son, Thomas Prinsep , 1802 High Sheriff of Derbyshire , bequeathed the 600 acre property to his nephew Thomas Levett of Wychnor Hall , who then changed his name to Thomas Levett-Prinsep .
By 1920 the Levett-Prinsep family got into economic difficulties; they were forced to sell Croxall Hall and moved to Devon . The property was then divided.
In 1930 Captain Charlton and his wife Edith bought the house and 40 hectares of land and used it as a farm.
On November 7, 1942, their son, Major Nicholas Charlton , and his wife died when a fire broke out in the mansion. Edith Charlton was able to save herself from the fire by climbing down the ivy that covered the building from a window . The fire destroyed the west wing of the manor house.
In 1953 Croxall Hall was sold to a local businessman, Jim Rose of Tamworth . He and his family gradually had what was left of the manor restored.
history
Architectural history
There has been a house here since "very early times", or at least since the Norman conquest of England.
Very little is known about the mansions before the Tudor period, only that they were surrounded by moats .
Today's brick- built house dates back to Elizabethan times and, as was customary at the time, has a traditional E.
The Sackville family (Dukes of Dorset) abandoned the house as a family residence in the 19th century and since that time it has started to deteriorate. It was later sold to the Levett-Prinsep family, but the decline continued and from 1868 it was used as a farmhouse. In the same year the property was damaged by fire, but in the following four years the Levett-Prinseps had the house restored and expanded, which they commissioned the architect Joseph Potter of Lichfield.
The Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway passes the manor house less than a mile away. The house used to have its own train station, Croxall Railway Station , which was closed in 1928.
In 1942, Croxall Hall was damaged again by fire. The fire killed the owner's son and his wife. It destroyed the west wing of the house, including the library and the great gallery. As the country was at war at the time, restoration was not possible and the wing was demolished.
After the house was sold to the Rose family in 1953, the remains of Croxall Hall were gradually restored.
Famous visitors
Mary Queen of Scots is said to have stayed one night at Croxall Hall while in prison in various Derbyshire manors.
Queen Henrietta Maria , wife of King Charles I , stayed in the mansion in one of the bedrooms in the wing of the building, which was demolished after the fire in 1942.
Individual evidence
- ^ Joseph Tilley: The Old Halls, Manors and Families of Derbyshire . Volume IV. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., London 1902. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Richard Usher: An historical sketch of the parish of Croxall, in the county of Derby . Bemrose, London 1881. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ^ Alfred Williams: Mansions and Country Seats of Staffordshire and Warwickshire . Frederic Williams, Lichfield 1899. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Carmel Mason, Anthony Mason: Edingale: A Parish Perspective . Chapter 3: `` Croxall and Oakley - The Lost Villages ''. 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
swell
- Samuel Bagshaw: History, Gazetteer and Directory of Derbyshire . 1846. p. 244.
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 43 ′ 15 " N , 1 ° 42 ′ 38" W.