Elizabethan architecture

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English Renaissance: Hardwick Hall (1590–1597). The many large Ajimez windows are typical of the English Renaissance, while the loggia is Italian.
Burghley House , completed in 1587
Wollaton Hall in Nottingham , completed in 1588 for Sir Francis Willoughby by the Elizabethan architect Robert Smythson .

The Elizabethan architecture is an architectural style direction of the Renaissance in England . It was in vogue during the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and corresponds in time to the Cinquecento in Italy , the Early Renaissance in France and the Plateresque style in Spain . In England, Elizabethan architecture followed the Tudor style . For its part, it preceded its further stylistic expression, the Jacobean architecture of the 17th century and, to a certain extent, Palladianism , which was introduced in a handful of prominent commissions in court circles by Inigo Jones .

history

The Renaissance arrived in England during the reign of Elizabeth I. The architectural style first spread in the Benelux , where, among other things, stylistic elements such as the stepped gable and Flemish fittings in geometric shapes were used; both elements can also be seen on the towers of Wollaton Hall and Montacute House . Flemish builders replaced the Italians, who had influenced the Tudor style. The old Royal Exchange in London was one of the first important buildings designed by Henri de Paschen , an architect from Antwerp . Buildings that show the architectural style introduced by the Flemish craftsmen are e.g. B .:

In England, the Renaissance mostly manifested itself in large, rectangular and tall houses, such as the Longleat House . Often these buildings have asymmetrically attached towers, which point to the development from the medieval fortress architecture. Hatfield House , entirely built by Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury , 1607–1611 , is a perfect example of the transition from the gable-and-turret style of the previous era. One can clearly see the Tudor-style turreted wings at both ends with their Ajimez windows, but at the same time the whole achieves a symmetry; the two wings are connected by an Italianate-style facade . The central facade, originally an open loggia , is attributed to Inigo Jones himself. However, the central terrace shows a stronger Jacobean influence than Jones would have applied and so the attribution is probably incorrect. Inside the house, the finely carved staircase shows the influence of the Italian Renaissance on English ornamentation.

It was also around this time that English houses adopted the concept of a long gallery as the main reception room.

Architects of this period

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Trewin Cropplestone: World Architecture . Hamlyn 1963. p. 262

literature

  • Trewin Cropplestone: World Architecture . Hamlyn 1963

Web links

Commons : Elizabethan Architecture  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files