Cyclopsettidae

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Cyclopsettidae
Cyclopsetta chittendeni

Cyclopsetta chittendeni

Systematics
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Carangaria
Order : Carangiformes
Partial order : Flatfish (Pleuronectoideo)
Family : Cyclopsettidae
Scientific name
Cyclopsettidae
Campbell , Chanet , Jhen-Nien , Mao-Ying , Wei-Jen , 2019

The Cyclopsettidae are a family of flatfish that occur in the western Atlantic from the coasts of the USA to Brazil, in the eastern Atlantic from Senegal to Angola and in the eastern Pacific from the coast of Baja California to Peru. The fish are common in shallow coastal waters, including brackish water , and at greater depths of up to 2000 meters. The family was only introduced at the beginning of September 2019 and comprises four genera that previously belonged to the false butts (Paralichthyidae). In their old composition, the Scheinbutte were a polyphyletic group. While one genus group around the type genus Paralichthys is the sister group of the plaice (Pleuronectidae), another, consisting of the genera Citharichthys , Cyclopsetta , Etropus and Syacium , is the sister group of the Butte (Bothidae). The introduction of the new family was necessary in order to produce the monophyly required in a modern system.

features

In all species of the Cyclopsettidae, the eyes are on the left side of the body after metamorphosis, so this is the top. The cloaca is near the bottom. The ventral fin on the top is on the midline of the body, and the ventral fin on the bottom is further forward than the one on the side of the eye. The caudal fin has 17 rays , all of which are supported by the hypuralia but not by the neural or hemal arches . Of the five hypuralia, the fifth is fused with the epurale, an elongated, free-standing bone in the caudal fin skeleton. The first neural arch is missing.

Genera and species

The Cyclopsettidae include four genera and 45 species:

Citharichthys macrops

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c d Matthew A. Campbell, Bruno Chanet, Jhen-Nien Chen, Mao-Ying Lee, Wei-Jen Chen (2019): Origins and relationships of the Pleuronectoidei: Molecular and morphological analysis of living and fossil taxa. Zoologica Scripta, 48: 640-656. doi: 10.1111 / zsc.12372 . Page 652.
  2. ↑ Peter B. Berendzen & Walter W. Dimmicck: Phylogenetic Relationships of Pleuronectiformes Based on Molecular Evidence. Copeia , 2002 (3), pp. 642-652