Czesław Białobrzeski

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Czeslaw bialobrzeski.jpg

Czesław Białobrzeski (born August 31, 1878 in Poschechonje near Yaroslavl , Russian Empire , † October 12, 1953 in Warsaw ) was a Polish theoretical physicist and astronomer .

Białobrzeski studied from 1896 to 1901 at the Kiev University and from 1908 to 1910 with Paul Langevin at the Paris Collège de France . At that time he was still mainly working experimentally. In 1913 he submitted his master's thesis in Kiev. In 1914 he was offered the chair of experimental physics at the Jagiellonian University , which he was unable to take up because of the First World War. In the meantime he switched to theoretical physics. In 1919 he went back to Poland, first spent a year in Cracow and then professor of theoretical physics at the University of Warsaw . He was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAU) from 1921, the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) from 1952, the Warsaw Scientific Society from 1922. From 1934 to 1938 he was chairman of the Polish Physical Society.

He is the author of around 100 treatises on thermodynamics , relativity , quantum physics , the structure and evolution of stars, spectrography , astrophysics and the philosophy of physics.

Bialobrzeski was the first to point out the role of radiation in the stability of stars in a work from 1913. Although it attracted the attention of Marian Smoluchowski in Poland, for example , it became international through the treatment of the subject by the famous astrophysicist Arthur Eddington was eclipsed three years later and Bialobrzeski's claim was forgotten, with few exceptions. In 1931 he published the book La Thermodynamique des Etoiles in Paris.

Myron Mathisson was one of his students .

literature

  • Zofia Ziólkowska (1986): Theoretical physics in Poland before 1939. ( PDF, 246kB , accessed April 13, 2014)
  • Biography

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Włodzimierz M. Ścisłowski: obituary. In: Postępy Fizyki . 4/1954, pp. 413-422
  2. ^ Wojciech Rubinowicz: Obituary. In: Nauka Polska . 1/1953, pp. 195-199
  3. ↑ Sur 1'equilibre thermodynamique d'une sphere gaseuse libre, Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, A, 264, 1913
personal data
SURNAME Białobrzeski, Czesław
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish theoretical physicist and astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH August 31, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Poschechonje near Yaroslavl , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH October 12, 1953
Place of death Warsaw