ISO 9241
The ISO 9241 standard is an international standard that describes guidelines for human-computer interaction . The series of standards has had the German title Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction since 2006 , replacing the previous title Ergonomic requirements for office work with screen devices in order to remove the previous restriction to office work.
The series of standards describes requirements for the work environment, hardware and software . The aim of the guideline is to avoid damage to health when working on the screen and to make it easier for the user to carry out his tasks.
|
DIN EN ISO 9241 |
|---|---|
| Area | ergonomics |
| title | Ergonomics of human-system interaction |
| Brief description: | Ergonomic requirements for office work with display devices |
| Latest edition | various |
| ISO | 9241 |
On the basis of a standard of the international standardization organization ISO , a European standard was developed, EN ISO 9241 , which was adopted in Germany as DIN standard DIN EN ISO 9241 , in Austria there is ÖNORM EN ISO 9241 with identical content .
According to EU case law , EN ISO 9241 is also the standard for evaluating the requirement for user-friendliness , in Germany from the Workplace Ordinance (ArbStättV), until December 3, 2016, the VDU Ordinance (BildarbV).
Parts of the series of standards
The ISO 9241 series of standards initially consisted of a total of 17 parts. In the meantime, additional new parts have been added and parts from other standards that are more thematically related to the 9241 have been integrated into it.
The following parts are part of the standard (as of February 2011; from DIN EN ISO 9241):
- Part 1: General introduction
- Part 2: Requirements for the work tasks - guiding principles
- Part 3: Requirements for visual displays
- Part 4: Requirements for keyboards
- Part 5: Requirements for workplace design and posture
- Part 6: Requirements for the working environment
- (Part 7: Requirements for visual displays with regard to reflections (obsolete, since replaced by Part 302, 303 and 305 in 2006))
- (Part 8: Requirements for color representations (obsolete, since replaced by Part 302, 303 and 305 in 2006))
- Part 9: Requirements for input devices - except keyboards
- (Part 10: Principles of Dialog Design (obsolete, since replaced by Part 110 in 2006))
- Part 11: Requirements for usability - guiding principles
- Part 12: Presentation of information
- Part 13: User guidance
- Part 14: Dialogue guidance using menus
- Part 15: Dialogue guidance using command languages
- Part 16: Dialogue guidance by means of direct manipulation
- (Part 17: Dialogue guidance using screen forms (document has been replaced by: EN ISO 9241-143: 2012))
- Part 20: Guidelines for the accessibility of devices and services in information and communication technology
- Part 110: Principles of dialogue design (replaces the previous part 10)
- Part 129: Guidelines for customizing user interfaces
- Part 143: Form dialogs (replaces the previous part 17)
- Part 151: Guidelines for the design of user interfaces for the World Wide Web
- Part 154: Speech dialog systems
- Part 161: Guide to visual user interface elements
- Part 171: Guidelines for Software Accessibility
- Part 210: Process for designing usable interactive systems (replacement for ISO 13407 )
- Part 220: Processes for activating, executing and evaluating human-centered design within organizations
- Part 300: Introduction to requirements and measurement techniques for electronic visual displays
- Part 302: Terminology for Electronic Optical Displays
- Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays
- Part 304: user performance test methods for electronic visual displays
- Part 305: Optical laboratory test methods for electronic optical displays
- Part 306: On-site assessment procedures for electronic visual displays
- Part 307: Analysis and conformity procedures for electronic visual displays
- Part 400: Principles and requirements for physical input devices
- Part 410: Design criteria for physical input devices
- Part 420: Selection methods for physical input devices
- Part 910: Framework for tactile and haptic interaction
- Part 920: Recommendations for tactile and haptic interaction (currently only as ISO standard, not yet nationally adopted)
- Part 960: Frame and instructions for gesture control
Parts 5 and 6 cover the topic of work environment. Parts 3, 4, 9, 302, 303 and 305 deal with hardware requirements, while Parts 11–16, as well as 110 and 143: 2012 deal with aspects of software ergonomics . Especially in the parts EN ISO 9241-110 Principles of Dialog Design and ISO 9241-11 Requirements for Usability there are some criteria for the ergonomic design of interactive systems. ISO 9241-420 (status) has been in the published status since July 2011, previously it was only available as a draft.
Further parts are in preparation (see web links ).
ISO 9241-11 usability requirements
The usability of software depends on the context in which it is used (includes the user, the work task, the equipment such as hardware or software, and the physical and social environment) in which it is used. Part 11 of ISO 9241 defines three guiding criteria for the usability of software:
- Effectiveness in solving a task
- Efficiency of handling the system,
- Satisfaction of the users of a software.
ISO 9241-110 principles of dialogue design
User interfaces of interactive systems, such as Web pages or software should be easy to use by the user. Part 110 of DIN EN ISO 9241 describes the following principles for the design and evaluation of an interface between user and system (dialog design) and replaces the previous part 10:
- Task appropriateness - appropriate functionality, minimizing unnecessary interactions
- Ability to describe yourself - comprehensibility through help / feedback
- Ease of learning - guidance of the user, use of suitable metaphors , goal: minimum learning time
- Controllability - control of the dialogue by the user
- Conformity with expectations - consistency, adaptation to the user model
- Customizability - adaptability to the needs and knowledge of the user
- Error tolerance - the system reacts tolerantly to errors or allows easy error correction by the user
ISO 9241-307 Analysis and Compliance Procedures for Electronic Optical Displays
| Error class ↓ |
Old error class ISO 13406-2 |
Error type 1 continuously lit pixel |
Error type 2 constantly black pixel |
Error type 3 a defective subpixel , constantly lit. |
Error type 3 a defective subpixel , constantly black |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | I. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| I. | 1 | 1 | |||
| 2-n | 2 * n + 1 | ||||
| II | II | 2 | 2 | ||
| 5-n | 2 * n | ||||
| III | III | 5 | 15th | up to 50 | |
| IV | IV | 50 | 150 | up to 500 | |
![n \ in [0; 2]](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cfde62d97f3b291e62a4716c08170c0ec803bf41)
![n \ in [0; 5]](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d85f4926902867ee223c4ab68a8098f9d174bac3)
1) not subpixels
Web links and literature
- Standard sources
- Overviews
- DAkkS - Guideline Usability, Version 1.3 - A standard procedure for checking and certifying the usability of software products according to ISO 9241 (PDF file; 2.2 MB)
- Michael Herczeg : Software ergonomics: theories, models and criteria for usable interactive computer systems . 3rd edition, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-486-58725-8 .
- Individual standard parts
- Part 110: " The new DIN EN ISO 9241-110 principles of dialogue design ( Memento from January 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive )" - An article about the changes in the new 2006 edition
- Part 110: Article on ISO 9241-110: Dialog etiquette from "FIT for Usability", an online magazine of the Fraunhofer Institute FIT
- Part 10: Article " The EN ISO 9241-10: Principles of dialogue design " by Thomas Wirth
Individual evidence
- ↑ ISO 9241-420: 2011 ( English ) iso.org. Retrieved May 11, 2019.