DSpace (software)

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DSpace

DSpace transparent logo.png
Basic data

developer DuraSpace
Publishing year November 2002
Current  version 6.3
( June 27, 2018 )
operating system Linux, Windows
programming language Java, XSLT, JavaScript
License BSD 3 clause license
https://duraspace.org/dspace/

DSpace is free software for operating a document server . It provides tools for recording, storing and disseminating digital resources and is mostly used in universities , libraries and research facilities for an "institutional repository". This is often done with a view to the long-term availability of digital resources, since DSpace was developed based on the OAIS reference model and is therefore architecturally suitable for developing strategies for long-term availability . DSpace is distributed under the BSD license .

history

DSpace is a Mellon Foundation sponsored joint development between the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and HP Labs, the research division of Hewlett-Packard . The first version was released in September 2002.

development

DSpace Federation is the body that directs DSpace (further) development in general. DSpace's collaborative development model is similar to that of the Apache Foundation. The developers are recruited from the group of users, so anyone who follows the development guidelines can contribute to DSpace. There is a group of core developers and committers. These can make changes to the actual source code. In addition, every user has the opportunity to express their suggestions, wishes and constructive criticism of DSpace and thus contribute to further development. The DSpace development and user community exchanges information via newsgroups, its own wiki and user meetings. GitHub is used as the platform for collaborative development .

architecture

DSpace has a 3-tier architecture:

Application Layer
the application layer comprises the components with which a DSpace instance communicates with the outside world, for example web interface, OAI-PMH interface.
Business logic (Business Logic Layer)
this layer manages content, users and groups, rights and business processes.
Storage (Storage Layer)
this layer takes care of the physical storage of metadata and content.

technology

General

DSpace is written in Java and JSP using the Java Servlet Framework. It uses a relational database and currently supports PostgreSQL and Oracle .

System requirements

Functionality

Data model

The way in which data is organized in DSpace reflects the structure of an organization. The units are:

  • Areas (communities)
  • Sub-areas
  • Collections
  • Documents (items)
  • Bundles
    • ORIGINAL - contains the files originally submitted.
    • THUMBNAILS - Preview thumbnails of submitted images, for display in overviews.
    • TEXT - extracted text from the submitted files
    • LICENSE - license terms under which a resource was published
    • CC LICENSE - Creative Commons license, if the resource was published under such
  • Metadata
  • Files

Areas and sub-areas are containers for sub-areas and collections. Collections are containers for documents. A document consists of a metadata record and files. The files are organized in bundles. Not all bundles are visible to the user.

Metadata

DSpace contains descriptive, administrative and structural meta information for every document. The possible descriptive metadata elements are summarized in a metadata reference list. DSpace currently supports the Dublin Core schema as the only metadata schema. With version 1.4 (currently in the alpha phase) it will be possible to integrate different metadata schemes.

Users and Groups

user

Users are needed in DSpace if someone wants to take on a special role:

  • Administration,
  • Publication of documents,
  • Processing of documents in the course of business,
  • Supervision

and if you want to use the new release service. The user registers himself with his email address and also manages his data and his password. The system administrator can intervene in user management, add, delete and edit users, but cannot assign passwords.

groups

Users can be combined into groups. Rights and tasks can be assigned to these groups as well as to individual users. The administrators group and the Anonymous group are special groups. By default, every user who does not log on to the system is assigned to the Anonymous group. Groups can contain users and groups.

Rights management

DSpace rights system associates actions on objects with users and groups. Objects are:

  • Areas and sub-areas,
  • Collections,
  • Documents,
  • Bunch,
  • individual files.

Actions relate to adding, deleting, editing, and reading these objects. This separation makes it possible, for example, that the metadata for a document is visible to everyone, while the files belonging to the document are only available to a limited group of users.

Accession and business transactions

Documents can be imported by batch processing (batch import) or individually via the web interface. Importing a document is a process in which the document is processed automatically, for example by adding metadata such as time stamps. In addition, documents can go through a business process in which up to three processing steps are defined.

File formats

In principle it is possible to publish all file formats on DSpace. Each file is associated with a file format, each file format has a level of support in DSpace. The file formats that can be used in an instance are maintained by the system administrator in a file format reference list, which contains:

  • MIME type,
  • Designation,
  • Description,
  • Level of support,
  • Marked as internal,
  • Extensions that this type is associated with.

This allows you to control which file formats are allowed. File formats that do not appear in the list or do not appear there but are marked as internal cannot be published via the web interface. The reference list also includes the level of support that the institution ensures for the format:

Supported
the format is known. The operating institution is confident that it will be able to make the content available in the long term.
Known
the format is known. The operating facility ensures that the files are received as they are. No statement can be made about the long-term availability of the information contained. However, efforts will be made to obtain sufficient information about the format to increase the level of support and make it available in the long term.
Unknown
the format is unknown. The operating facility guarantees that the files remain unchanged.

Persistent URLs - The handle system

DSpace uses the Handle System of CNRI to its resources (areas, sub-areas, collections, documents, bundles and files) to be provided with persistent identifiers. Each DSpace instance needs its own identifier ( prefix ) from CNRI.

Search and browse

The content of DSpace is made accessible to the user through various functionalities.

search

DSpace uses the Lucene search engine to generate indices and search them . A simple keyword search and an advanced search are available to the user. In the simple search, the text elements extracted from the metadata and the full texts are searched. In the advanced search, the user has the option to search for certain elements and to link them logically.

Browsing

As a further entry, the user can browse the inventory by title, author and date. The list of documents depends on the hierarchy level in which the user is located.

New Release Information Service

Every user registered in DSpace has the opportunity to be informed about new releases in collections of their choice by email.

Other functionalities

OAI -PMH
DSpace supports the OAI- PMH-2.0 protocol.
openURL
DSpace supports the openURL protocol from SFX.
Creative Commons
DSpace supports the use of Creative Commons licenses
Checksums
DSpace uses checksums to ensure the authenticity of the documents
Data import and export
Data can be imported and exported in batch processing mode
Storage Resource Broker (SRB)
DSpace supports the use of SRB to store the files

distribution

DSpace is becoming more and more popular. Originally it was used almost exclusively in English-speaking countries. In the course of the internationalization of DSpace to i18n it became much easier for non-English speaking users to use DSpace. There are currently 2,773 installations in 130 countries (as of September 12, 2019).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Release 6.3 . June 27, 2018 (accessed July 24, 2018).
  2. ↑ (Official) The DSpace digital asset management system that powers your Institutional Repository: DSpace / DSpace. DSpace Repository, October 24, 2019, accessed October 25, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Installing DSpace - DSpace 6.x Documentation - LYRASIS Wiki. Retrieved October 25, 2019 .
  4. ↑ DuraSpace Registry. Retrieved October 25, 2019 (American English).