The Twentieth Century (1890-1896)
The Twentieth Century was a national - chauvinist and radically anti-Semitic German monthly that appeared from October 1890 to the end of 1896.
German-national monthly magazine for social life, politics, science and literature
The founder and first editor was the Baltic writer and journalist Erwin Bauer . The first four years had the subtitle German national monthly magazines for social life, politics, science and literature . Bauer was a supporter of the German national movement, which initially originated in Austria, and an advocate of radical anti-Semitism. His monthly notebooks tried to mediate between the conflicting wings of the Völkisch movement by accepting some aspects of the modern age while rejecting others. The modern idea of freedom and the functional structure of industrial society were accepted, and religious nihilism and “decline in values” were to be combated.
From the third year onwards (1892), The Twentieth Century appeared briefly in the Neue Deutsche Zeitung publishing house , the daily newspaper of the anti - Semitic German Social Party . In the spring of 1893, however, there was a break between Bauer and the party, which did not appear radical enough for that party.
Sheets for German Kind and Welfare
From April 1893 to October 1894 Friedrich Lienhard published the monthly notebooks, the editorial staff moved from Leipzig to Berlin and tried to distance themselves from party-bound anti-Semitism. The additional title was changed to Blätter für Deutsche Kind und Wohlfahrt . From November 1894 to March 1895, Horst Lustenröder was in charge of the editorial team. Heinrich Mann was editor from April 1895 to March 1896 , then until Theodor Schröter magazine was discontinued .
The best-known authors included Adolf Wahrmund , Harald Grävell , Ludwig Kuhlenbeck , Ottomar Beta , Heinrich Pudor , Paul Dehn , Ernst Wachler and Guido List .
Brothers man
The 24-year-old Heinrich Mann adopted the anti-Semitic formulas of his time not only casually and without reflection, but also explicitly approvingly and rhetorically reinforcing them. According to his numerous own contributions in the twentieth century , Jews were the incarnation of high finance and represented the anti-German: dirt, greed, intellect and internationalism . Heinrich Mann only distanced himself from these positions in 1903. In retrospect, he characterized the twentieth century as “a reactionary Wurschtblatt”.
Contributions by Thomas Mann also fall in the year of Heinrich Mann's editorial management . His contributions are much more moderate in tone, but contain the anti-Jewish stereotypes that can also be found in his literary works around the turn of the century.
literature
- Stefan Breuer : The “Twentieth Century” and the Mann brothers . In: Manfred Dierks u. Ruprecht Wimmer (ed.), Thomas Mann and Judaism , Frankfurt a. M. 2004, pp. 75-95.
- Manfred Hahn: Heinrich Mann's articles in the magazine "Das twanzigste Jahrhundert" . In: Weimarer contributions 13 (1967), pp. 996-1019.
- Stephan Stachorski: Thomas Mann . In: Michael Fröhlich (ed.), Das Kaiserreich. Portrait of an Era in Biographies , Darmstadt 2001, pp. 443–453.
- Peter Stein: Heinrich Mann , Stuttgart / Weimar 2002. In particular, pp. 25–31.
- Rolf Thiede: Stereotypes of the Jews. The early writings of Heinrich and Thomas Mann. On the anti-Semitic discourse of modernity and the attempt to overcome it , Metropol, Berlin 1998. ISBN 3-926893-35-4 . Pp. 55-80.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stephan Stachorski: Thomas Mann . In: Michael Fröhlich (ed.), Das Kaiserreich. Portrait of an Era in Biographies , Darmstadt 2001, pp. 443–453, pp. 444 f.
- ↑ Stefan Breuer: The "Twentyth Century" and the Mann Brothers , p. 84.
- ↑ Stefan Breuer, p. 86 f.
- ↑ Stefan Breuer, p. 80.
- ^ The change in the editor-in-chief after Manfred Hahn: Heinrich Mann's contributions in the magazine "Das twanzigste Jahrhundert" , p. 996 f.
- ↑ Peter Stein, Heinrich Mann , p. 26.
- ↑ Quoted from Peter Stein, p. 28.
- ↑ Stefan Breuer, p. 93 f.