David Herrliberger
David Herrliberger (* 1697 in Zurich ; † May 25, 1777 in Zurich) was a Swiss engraver and publisher .
biography
Adolescent years
David Herrliberger was born in Zurich in 1697 and baptized in Fraumünster on January 31, 1697 . He was the third youngest child of the art turner Johannes Herrliberger (1659–1714) and Catharina Meyer (1653–1723). The Herrlibergers were an old citizen family of the city of Zurich, naturalized in 1375 with Heinrich von Herdiberg (today Herrliberg ). The Herrliberg family did not go out in the male line until 1857.
Herrliberger was trained as a copperplate engraver by the Zurich painter and etcher Johann Melchior Füssli (1677–1736) and supported by his godfather, Zurich mayor Hans Jakob Escher (1656–1734). In 1719 the eighteen-year-old went abroad for ten years. He continued his education with the engraver and publisher Johann Daniel Herz in Augsburg and as a journeyman of the engraver and book illustrator Bernard Picart in Amsterdam . He then traveled to London and Paris.
Marriage to Cleophea Stump
In 1729 Herrliberger returned to Zurich and married Cleophea Stumpf (1703–1735), daughter of the Obervogts in Hegi and descendant of the chronicler Johannes Stumpf (1500–1577 / 1578). He entered the carpentry guild . Shortly afterwards he moved to Hegi and ran the official business and agriculture of the sick father-in-law. Four newborn children and wife Cleophea died between 1730 and 1736. The only surviving child was Maria Magdalena (1733-1816).
Publisher and marriage to Dorothea Ulrich
In 1736 Herrliberger moved to Zurich on the Bleicherweg; later he lived on Bärengasse in the house at the front of the globe (today Museum Bärengasse ). In 1737 he married Dorothea Ulrich (1704–1760). In 1738 their only child died.
At the age of almost 40, David Herrliberger resumed his learned profession and began his extensive publishing activities. Initially, David Herrliberger was a draftsman, engraver and publisher in one person. Later he had the drafts for the engravings made by draftsmen and painters and worked with various engravers and printers. The pictures were sold in their own art shop. In the rest of Switzerland and abroad he handled the sale of his works through agents, which resulted in extensive correspondence with government, official and private persons. The result was works that were of great importance for Zurich and Swiss book illustration in the 18th century. Herrliberger also worked for other publishers and offered print products from domestic and foreign publishers. From 1744 to 1746 he sold lottery tickets from Holland.
From 1740 David Herrliberger turned increasingly to works with Zurich motifs. From 1740–1743 three series depictions of eighteen country and high bailiffs 'palaces , seven official houses and 16 court lords' and country residences based on models by Johann Caspar Ulinger (1704–1768) and Hans Conrad Nözli (1709–1751) appeared.
Herrliberger had great success for the first time with these publishing works. The first name he found in 1742 was “Herrlibergerischer Verlag in Zurich”, in 1748 he called his company “Herrlibergerischer Kunstverlag” and managed an inventory of more than 1,100 copper plates. The publisher also dealt with current events and trends, such as the fire in Bischofszell in 1743 or the Lisbon earthquake in 1755. The publication of commemorative sheets, portraits and biographies of famous Swiss people such as Johann Caspar Escher (1678–1762) were part of his publishing activities.
The years between 1738 and 1758 represented the high point of David Herrliberger's work. During this time his most important publishing works appeared, including: «Ceremonien-Werk» (church customs), «Baron von Eisenbergs Reitschul» (horse dressage depictions), « Landvogteischlösser ”,“ Amtshäuser ”,“ Noble castles ”,“ Ehrentempel ”(famous Swiss), Zurich and Basel“ Ausruff-Bilder ”,“ Zurich traditional costumes ”and the beginning of the“ Topography of the Confederation ”(Swiss Confederation).
The Ausruff-Bilder
On July 18, 1748 David Herrliberger announced a new publication in the “Donnags-Nachrichten”, a weekly newspaper: The Herrlibergerischer Kunst-Verlag has an entertaining work under the following title: Zürcherische Ausruff-Bilder, introducing those people who in Zurich all sorts of things that are more readily available for sale than other things call out with the usual country and mouth manner, in 52 figures neatly engraved in copper, with high German verses of various ideas, according to the ancient art of rhyme
The Zurich exclamation pictures were a great success. The first edition was out of print after three weeks and was reprinted shortly afterwards, this time also with French rhymes. In 1749 and 1751 there were another 52 people calling out from Zurich, in 1749 there were also 52 corresponding images from Basel calling out.
The exclamation pictures were Herrliberger's best-known and only cheerful work. They were also the only Swiss contribution to this type of graphic.
Herrliberger had a European tradition of depicting street vendors: since the 16th century - but especially in the 18th century - such prints were made in every major city, such as the Ancient Cries of London and Les Cris de Paris . Motifs of the criminals with their calls can also be found in literary and musical works, for example in Shakespeare , Rabelais and Proust as well as in Scarlatti , Offenbach and Charpentier .
Together with the 52 figures of Zurich's traditional costumes, which appeared in 1749, Herrliberger left behind 208 images of women and men from everyday life in Zurich in the 18th century, which provide information about the lifestyle of the population at the time. The figures document, for example, the Zurich menu of the time - for example oranges and lemons are advertised. They also show the urban fashion of the various stands.
Herrliberger also reports on herbal remedies such as the universal medicine Holdermues or Schkorpion oil , which among other things is used to heal wounds. Utensils such as kaztail rubles ( scrubbing brushes made of horsetail for cleaning pewter dishes ), Schrybsand for drying the ink, Fürstei and Zundel for lighting a fire or Räckholder-Studä (juniper bushes, among other things as a disinfecting incense in dying rooms) give a direct insight into everyday life at that time.
The exclamation pictures and the traditional costumes were the only two works by Herrliberger that are available in color, whereby the exclamation pictures are an early and abundant source not only for folklore but also for dialect research - especially in the area of vocabulary .
Judge von Maur
In 1749 David Herrliberger bought the jurisdiction of Maur am Greifensee . The castle Maur , which he expanded to an extension in 1750, was, but his publishing activity made it difficult for his residence and place of publication, which increased his reputation while at the same time due to geographical location. In 1754 he began an exchange of letters with the Bernese polymath Albrecht von Haller . He increasingly suffered from age-related complaints such as poor eyesight and gout.
His powers as a judge were limited. The autocratic administration led to tensions with the village population and the superior Landvogt von Greifensee . The Small Council of Zurich therefore asked Herrliberger to appoint a deputy in Maur at his own expense, who should restore the authority of the authorities. In 1775, Herrliberger sold the jurisdiction and Maur Castle for 8,000 guilders to the farmer Hans-Jakob Zollinger from Uessikon. The city of Zurich took over the court rights. This made David Herrliberger the last court lord of Maur.
In 1776 he took up residence again in Zurich, this time at the lower Hirschengraben. The last part of the topography appeared at the beginning of 1777. David Herrliberger died a little later at the age of 80.
Works (selection)
- Represéntation des châteaux et baillages du louable canton de Zuric, dessinés d'aprés nature et gravés par David Herrliberger (presentation of the praiseworthy Zurich castles, or so-called ausere Vogteyen, drawn from nature, made in copper and laid by David Herrliberger). Zurich 1740. ( Facsimile 1977.)
- Actually presentation of the noble castles in the Zurich area. Zurich 1741.
- Presentation of the laudable state of Zurich, so-called outer office buildings. Zurich 1741.
- Presentation and explication of all of Bern.
- Various inventions by the greatest painters and engravers, including a treatise on the prevailing false terms relating to the art of engraving, engraved and published by David Herrliberger according to various masters' styles. Zurich 1744.
- Holy ceremonies, or religious exercises of the idolatrous peoples of the world. In beautiful copper plates, based on the famous (Bernard) Picard's invention, presented by David Herrliberger: and explained with a reliable historical description. Zurich 1748.
- Schweitzerischer Ehrentempel, in which the true portraits of partly deceased, partly still living famous men of spiritual and secular class, as well as from the XIII. as turned towards places, which have made themselves strange through statistic wisdom, through embassies, brave deeds, learned writings, useful arts, in nice… copperplate engravings, together with short… life descriptions. Basel 1748.
- The people who proclaim all sorts of things for sale in Zurich, as other things, with the usual country and mouth manner, in 52 figures neatly engraved in copper. Zurich 1748–1751. (Facsimile 1968.)
- Zurich traditional costumes. Zurich 1749.
- Basslerische Ausruff-Bilder, introducing those people who in Basel call out all sorts of things that are more readily available for sale than other things, with the usual country and mouth manner. Zurich 1749.
- New and complete topography of the Confederation, in which the cities, bishops, monasteries, monasteries, castles, offices, noble houses, and castle stables are located in the Dreyzehen and facing also allied places and lands: likewise the destroyed castles, strange natural prospects , Mountains, baths, Bruggen, waterfalls, and engraved perspectively and artistically in copper according to nature or proven originals. Zurich 1754–1773. (Various facsimiles: 1928 with register; 1977.)
- Exact illustration based on nature, including a brief description of the city of St.Gallen and Dero belonging to the castle and lordship of Bürglen Zurich 1761. (Facsimile 1976.)
- Continuation of the Swiss temple of honor. Zurich 1774.
- New topography of the Helvetic Mountains. Zurich 1774.
exhibition
In the castle Maur , in the David Herrliberger from 1749 resided until 1776, an extensive collection is exhibited his work. In 1972, the municipality of Maur acquired a basic inventory from Werner Suter, which was subsequently expanded and has been publicly accessible since 1976.
literature
- Hermann Spiess-Schaad: David Herrliberger . Verlag Hans Rohr, Zurich 1983, ISBN 3-85865-068-4 .
- Bruno Weber: Herrliberger, David. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Web links
- Veronica Kurth: Herrliberger, David. In: Sikart
- Viatimages (University of Lausanne): Images and texts from New and Complete Topography of the Eydgnossschaft
- Ryhiner collection: numerous engravings
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Herrliberger, David |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss engraver and publisher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | baptized January 31, 1697 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Zurich |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 25, 1777 |
| Place of death | Zurich |