Dec (river)

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Dec
The Dez rises near Borudscherd and flows into the Karun behind Dezful

The Dez rises near Borudscherd and flows into the Karun behind Dezful

Data
location Southwest of Iran
River system Karun
Drain over Karun  → Shatt al-Arab  → Persian Gulf
source Near the village of Tschahār Borra in the Zāgros Mountains ( Lorestan Province )
muzzle around 100 km south of Dezful in the Karun Coordinates: 31 ° 38 ′ 54 "  N , 48 ° 52 ′ 42"  E 31 ° 38 ′ 54 "  N , 48 ° 52 ′ 42"  E

length 400 km
Drain MNQ
MHQ
 140 m³ / s
610 m³ / s
Reservoirs flowed through Dec dam
Big cities Borujerd , Dezful , Khorramabad

The Dec ( Persian دز, Āb-e Dec ; in ancient times Coprates , Greek: Κοπράτης or Κοπράτας) is a 400 km long river in southern Iran. The river has its source 20 km northeast of Borudscherd in the Zāgros Mountains . Cities on the river are Dezful and Khorramabad . The river is named after the city of Dezful.

course

The river has its source at the village of Chahār Borra and flows west past Borujerd to the southeast. 60 km later it joins the river Mārbora at Do Rūd. From here the Dez flows 70 km further in a south-westerly direction. The Trans-Iranian Railway, which runs from the Persian Gulf to the capital Tehran , follows the course of the river here. From the place Kešvar the river changes its direction again to the southeast and at Tang-e Pānī 30 km away from Kešvar it flows together with the Āb-e Baḵtīār. 25 km northeast of the city of Dezful, the river leaves the Zagros Mountains and flows into the Khuzestan plain . Here the river is dammed by the Dez dam built in 1963 . About 100 km south of Dezful, the Dez flows into the Karun at Band-e Qīr .

history

The Dez is a very important river for the region. Ancient irrigation channels attest to this. Finds show that the river has been used for irrigation since prehistoric times.

In ancient times, during the Diadoch Wars, the general Eumenes won a battle on the Kopratas (317 BC) over Antigonus Monophthalmos .

In the Middle Ages the river was known as Jondīšābūr. It was thought that the source would be in the Isfahan region. The current name of the river comes from the town of Dezful, whose name comes from a fortress on a stone bridge over the river. But it is not certain whether the Elamites or the Achaemenids created canals. The Elamite royal seat of Choga Zanbil was on the river. During the Sassanid Empire , a dense network of canals was built on both sides of the river. After the Arab conquest of Iran, the canals fell into disrepair and were later destroyed in the course of the Mongol invasions.

In the 1960s, the Iranian government decided on a gigantic irrigation program. The goal was to be able to irrigate around 1 million hectares. The construction of the Dez dam was the first step. 100,000 hectares of land are currently being irrigated. But the project causes social and economic problems and conflicts with the traditional way of life of the population.

source