Karun
Karun | ||
Map of the Karun |
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Data | ||
location | Southwest Iran | |
River system | Karun | |
Drain over | Shatt al-Arab → Persian Gulf | |
source | Zard cow in the Zagros Mountains | |
muzzle | in Khorramshahr in the Arvand Rud ( Shatt al-Arab ) Coordinates: 30 ° 25 ′ 39 " N , 48 ° 9 ′ 55" E 30 ° 25 ′ 39 " N , 48 ° 9 ′ 55" E
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length | 820 km (other springs 850 km) | |
Catchment area | approx. 60,000 km² | |
Drain |
MQ |
770 m³ / s |
Left tributaries | Marun | |
Right tributaries | Dec | |
Big cities | Ahvaz , Khorramshahr |
The Kārun (also Ulai stream ; Persian كارون) is a river in southwest Iran . The Karun flows from Mount Zard Kuh in the Zagros Mountains in Lorestan to Arvand Rud ( Schatt el Arab ) and finally into the Persian Gulf . This 720 km long river is the longest and only navigable river in Iran.
Dams and reservoirs
Looking downstream, the Karun is dammed by the following hydropower plants:
dam | operator | Max. Power (MW) | Reservoir | Surface (km²) | Volume (million m³) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Karun-4 | 1,000 | Karun-4 | 29.23 | 2,190 | |
Karun-3 | 2,000 | Karun-3 | 2,970 | ||
Karun-1 | 2,000 | Karun-1 | 2,900 | ||
Karun-2 | 2,000 | Karun-2 | 261 | ||
Gotvand | 2,000 | Gotvand | 96.5 | 4,500 |
history
In the Gilgamesh epic the "Ulai-Strom" is mentioned more often. In the early Sumerian Gilgamesh tradition, this river was probably of great importance as a route for transporting cedar wood to Uruk or to the other Mesopotamian places. At that time the “sacred cedar forest” was not in Lebanon , but in the eastern mountain ranges of Mesopotamia.
The Band-e Kaisar , a combination of arched bridge and weir , built by Roman work groups in the 3rd century AD , is likely to have been the first large bridge over the Karun.
literature
- Stefan M. Maul: The Gilgamesh Epic . Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-52870-8 , p. 174.
Web links
- Ariel M. Bagg: Ulai. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Article Karun in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)