Dianthus fruticosus

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Dianthus fruticosus
Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Caryophylloideae
Tribe : Caryophylleae
Genre : Carnations ( Dianthus )
Type : Dianthus fruticosus
Scientific name
Dianthus fruticosus
L.
Dianthus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus , illustration from Sibthorp & Smith: Flora Graeca. Volume 5, plate 407
Dianthus fruticosus subsp. creticus (as D. arboreus ), illustration from Sibthorp & Smith: Flora Graeca. Volume 5, plate 406

Dianthus fruticosus is a species of carnation ( Dianthus ).

features

Dianthus fruticosus is a dwarf shrub whose flower stems reach lengths of 2 to 50 centimeters. The plant is bare. It has many densely leafed and non-flowering as well as distant leaf and flowering shoots. The very variable leaves are 1 to 8 millimeters wide and flat-leathery to stalk-round and fleshy.

The inflorescence is 5- to 20-flowered. The calyx is (12) 18 to 25 millimeters in size and tubular to narrow spindle-shaped. There are (2) 6 to 30 outer sepals. The uppermost are broadly obovate, elliptical to almost round and mostly pointed. The lower outer sepals are sometimes smaller. The crown is (yellowish) pink to purple in color. At its base there is a dark, bearded spot, its tip is loosely serrated.

The flowering period extends from June to September.

Occurrence

Dianthus fruticosus occurs in the Aegean region. The species grows on limestone walls at altitudes from 0 to 400 meters.

Systematics

Eight subspecies are distinguished within the species:

  • Dianthus fruticosus L. subsp. fruticosus : The leaves measure (20 to) 25 to 35 (to 40) × 4 to 8 millimeters. They are flat and leathery to thick and usually narrow obovate. The outer sepals are (4 to) 5 to 6 millimeters wide and 1.2 to 2 times as long. Later flowers have (14 to) 16 to 26 scales. The calyx is (18 to) 20 to 25 millimeters long. The calyx teeth are 7 to 10 millimeters long and pointed or blunt. The petals are 10 to 13 millimeters wide. This subspecies occurs in the western Cyclades .
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. karavius Runemark : The leaves measure 20 to 30 (to 35) × 3 to 4 millimeters. They are flat and fleshy and mostly narrow obovate. The outer sepals are about 4 millimeters wide. Later flowers have 12 to 16 scales. The chalice is 12 to 13 millimeters long. The calyx teeth are 5 to 6 millimeters long and more or less pointed. The petals are 7 to 8 millimeters wide. This subspecies occurs on the Petrokaravi cliff near Patmos .
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. rhodius ( Rech.f. ) Runemark : The leaves measure (20 to) 25 to 35 × (2 to) 3 to 4 millimeters. They are flat and mostly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. The outer sepals are 3 to 4 millimeters wide and twice as long. Later flowers have 12 to 24 scales. The chalice is 16 to 20 millimeters long. The calyx teeth are 5 to 7 millimeters long and pointed or blunt. The petals are 8 to 10 millimeters wide. This subspecies occurs on the Dodecanese from Rhodes to Kalymnos .
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. sitiacus Runemark : The leaves measure (8) 10 to 20 (25) × 1 to 1.5 millimeters and are half-stem-round and pointed. There are 20 to 30 outer sepals on all flowers. The upper outer sepals are rounded to rounded-triangular at the tip and have a width of 3 to 4.5 millimeters. The chalice is 18 to 22 millimeters in size. The calyx lobes are 6 to 8 millimeters in size and pointed. This subspecies is in the east of the island of Crete in the prefecture of Lasithi endemic . The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. amorginus Runemark : The (4) 6 to 8 outer sepals on the first flower of an outer stand are 3 to 3.5 millimeters wide, 2 to 3 times as long as they are wide and gradually narrow at the tip. Flowers that appear later have 10 to 16 (20) scales. The leaves measure 15 to 30 × 1.5 to 3 and are flat (e.g. on Crete) to half-stemmed and blunt to pointed. The chalice is 18 to 22 millimeters in size. The calyx teeth are pointed and 7 to 9 millimeters in size. The petals are 8 to 11 millimeters wide. This subspecies occurs on the eastern Cyclades as well as on the Dionysiads off the coast of Crete . The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. carpathus runemark : The leaves are 10 to 20 millimeters in size, blunt to pointed and mostly round. The petals are 8 to 10 millimeters wide. The outer sepals are broadly elliptical to rounded and 3 to 4 (4.5) millimeters wide. Later flowers have 10 to 16 (20) scales. The chalice is 18 to 22 millimeters in size. The calyx teeth are 6 to 8 millimeters in size and pointy. This subspecies occurs only on Karpathos and the neighboring islands of Kasos and Saria .
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. creticus ( exchange ) rune mark : The leaves measure (15) 25 to 35 × 1 to 2 (3) millimeters. They are flat or stem-round to half-stem-round and fleshy. The outer sepals are (2) 3 to 4 millimeters wide and only slightly longer. Later flowers have up to 24 scales. The chalice is 16 to 22 millimeters long. The calyx teeth are 6 to 9 millimeters long and pointed or slightly rounded. The petals are 9 to 11 millimeters wide. This subspecies is endemic to the central part of Crete. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
  • Dianthus fruticosus subsp. occidentalis runemark : The outer sepals are (4) 5 to 6 millimeters wide and pointed. Later flowers have up to 20 scales. The leaves measure 25 to 35 × 2 to 4 millimeters and are linear (-lanceolate), mostly pointed and always flat. The chalice is 20 to 25 millimeters in size. The calyx teeth are 7 to 11 millimeters in size and pointed. The petals are 11 to 14 millimeters wide. This subspecies occurs in the southwest and southern Peloponnese , on the islands of Lefkas , Kefalonia , Zakinthos , Hydra , Kythira , in western Crete and on the Paximadia islands .

supporting documents

literature

  • Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 91-92 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Hans Runemark: Studies in the Aegean flora XXIII. The Dianthus fruticosus complex (Caryophyllaceae). In: Botaniska Notiser. Volume 133, No. 4, 1980, pp. 475-490.
  2. ↑ a b Arne Strid: Dianthus. In: Arne Strid, Kit Tan (ed.): Flora Hellenica. Volume One (Gymnospermae to Caryophyllaceae) . Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein 1997, ISBN 3-87429-391-2 , p. 363-365 .
  3. ↑ a b Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 7. Caryophyllaceae (Silenoideae). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1986, ISBN 951-9108-06-8 , p. 201.
  4. ↑ Adam Boratyński, Anna Tomlik Jerzy Zielinski: Hypericum aegyptiacum L. and Dianthus fruticosus L. on the Iceland of Zakynthos (Greece). In: Arboretum Kórnickie. Volume 34, 1991, pp. 55-63.