Fat Marie
| Fat Marie | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 The tree in April 2018
|
|||
| place | Tegel | ||
| country | Berlin , Germany | ||
| Tree species | English oak | ||
| Geographical location | 52 ° 35 '36.9 " N , 13 ° 15' 54" E | ||
|
|||
| Status natural monument | Yes | ||
| Age | real approx. 350–400 years, stated approx. 800 years | ||
| Trunk circumference (chest height) |
5.98 m | ||
| Tree height | approx. 18.5 m | ||
| Crown diameter | approx. 18 m | ||
The thickness Marie in Tegel Forest is a natural monument in the district Tegel of Berlin's Reinickendorf district and probably oldest tree in the city.
history
The common oak ( Quercus robur ) is said to have sprouted in 1107 on the Great Malche , a bay that forms the northern foothills of Lake Tegel , near Tegel Castle . The tree was named after the brothers Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt , who spent their youth in Tegel Castle, in reference to the castle's fat cook. Even Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited in 1778 during his travels the tree and remained in his shadow.
About age and location
According to a metal information board in the newly built delimitation to the sidewalk, the tree currently has a maximum height of approx. 18.5 meters (previous information boards: approx. 26 m) with a specified circumference of 598 cm (previous information boards: 665 cm) and a Diameter at chest height of around 190 cm, and is estimated to be 800 years old (earlier information boards: 900 years). If the assumption of germination around 1107 were correct, the tree would be older than the city of Berlin , which was first mentioned in a document in 1237. According to current dendrological assessments, there are few oaks in Germany that are more than 800 years old, but all of them have a circumference of at least eight meters. B. individual specimens of the Ivenack oak or the Femeiche in alder, so that the dimensions of the circumference and the diameter of the thick Marie speak for an age of the tree between 350 and 400 years. Their very flat, light-colored bark also speaks for a relatively young age - the bark of older oaks, in contrast, is very dark and deeply furrowed, which is not the case with Fat Marie. A really precise determination by a core drill has not yet been made and probably no longer possible, as the inside of the trunk is very rotten - i.e. no annual rings should be discernible in the heartwood.
Even with an (more likely) age of 350 to 400 years and the associated germination between 1617 and 1667, the tree is still of respectable age and can be seen as one of the oldest trees in Berlin today.
In earlier times, the tree enjoyed a free location, as can be seen from the remains of the compact growth and the deep-set branches, near the bank of another smaller foothill of the Große Malche, which is now separated from the lake by a driving and hiking path. The part separated in this way is now subject to large, weather and season-dependent fluctuations in the water level, and consists of a relatively young quarry forest in which the black alder ( Alnus glutinosa ) is the dominant tree species.
A large part of this spur of the bay is already completely silted up and has dense vegetation with trees typical of the hardwood floodplain such as Norway maple and white elm , which compete strongly with the old tree for light and location, which is why the "Dicke Marie" is in a very poor state today is located. In addition, the growth of sycamore maple makes it more difficult for them to advance, their only low fruit production is almost completely consumed by wild boars every year.
Others
The vernacular also describes the existence of a lot of money with a “fat Marie” .
See also
- List of prominent and old tree specimens # Berlin
- List of natural monuments in the Reinickendorf district
literature
- Hainer Weißpflug: The "Fat Marie" . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 5, 1996, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 62-65 ( luise-berlin.de ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ The fat Marie in the Tegel Forest
- ↑ Oliver Ohmann: My friend, the tree, tells his life . In: BZ , March 27, 2009
- ↑ Rhenish interactive dictionary