Thick-lipped threadfish

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Thick-lipped threadfish
Colisa labiosa m.jpg

Thick-lipped threadfish ( Trichogaster labiosa )

Systematics
Order : Climbing fish species (Anabantiformes)
Subordination : Labyrinth fish (Anabantoidei)
Family : Osphronemidae
Subfamily : Threadfish (Trichogastrinae)
Genre : Trichogaster
Type : Thick-lipped threadfish
Scientific name
Trichogaster labiosa
Day , 1877

The thick-lipped or bead- lipped threadfish ( Trichogaster labiosa , syn .: Colisa labiosa, Colisa labiosus , Trichogaster labiosus ) is a labyrinth fish from South Asia and at the same time the most southeastern representative of the " western threadfish ".

features

The designation as "thick-lipped" (Latin labiosus ) gives no significant indication of the appearance of the thick-lipped threadfish. Its lips are not more pronounced than that of the closely related, somewhat “brawny” looking striped threadfish ( Trichogaster fasciata ). Indeed, at first glance, these two types can hardly be distinguished. The elongated body shape is almost identical; Trichogaster labiosa is proportionally only slightly higher than long compared to Trichogaster fasciata . On the other hand, males of the thick-lipped threadfish with a total length of around eight centimeters remain significantly smaller than male representatives of the sister species (up to twelve centimeters). Both species have a greenish to ocher-brown basic color in the females and a red-brown color in the males. Two chin straps that extend from eye to eye and ten to twelve inclined vertical straps, which shine in different intense shades of blue depending on the mood, are also identical. Both species also have a dark longitudinal ligament that extends from the gill area to the base of the caudal fin, strongly pronounced or reduced to points. But there are also clear distinguishing features: In male Trichogaster labiosa , the anal fin is rounded (in Trichogaster fasciata it tapers to a point) and in the area of ​​the hard rays it is yellow, slightly orange-red or, rarely, also lined with white (in Trichogaster fasciata red). In addition, male striped gourmets have a deep reddish-brown basic color, while the thick-lipped gourmets can turn dark brown to almost black.

Fins formula : dorsal XV – XVIII / 8–10, anal XVI – XVIII / 17–20.

ecology

The type specimen comes from the central reaches of the Irawadi in today's Myanmar (formerly Burma ). The main distribution area is in Myanmar, south to Rangoon and in the east to Shan State . The thick-lipped threadfish is thus the most southeast occurring representative of the genus Trichogaster . Occurrences in the Indian state of Manipur have only been documented since 2005. As a cultural successor , the thick-lipped threadfish has long since expanded its original habitats, the quiet tributaries of rivers and flood plains, to include rice-growing areas and their irrigation systems. This is probably the reason for its relatively wide distribution within Myanmar.

Reproduction

Like all four species of the "Western gourami", sexually mature males defend a breeding ground in which a large foam nest is built on or under vegetation . Under this nest is spawned with a female attracted by long and violent courtship . The parental care is carried out exclusively by the male ( father family ). Very small larvae hatch from the eggs after 24 to 36 hours and swim free after two to four days (for details see threadfish ).

Importance to humans

Thick-lipped threadfish, preserved with salt, dried and alive, are offered on all markets in Myanmar. The species is an aquarium fish that is mainly widespread among labyrinth fish specialists and rarely appears in the pet trade. An erythristic and a xanthoristic cultivated form are offered more frequently . The first import to Germany took place in 1904 by the animal dealer Stüve in Hamburg.

Systematics

The British ichthyologist Francis Day (1829-1889) described the thick-lipped threadfish in 1877 as Trichogaster labiosus . Since then, the species status has been questioned again and again and the thick-lipped threadfish has been synonymous with Trichogaster fasciata several times . Was prompted by the very similar appearance, zoogeographical aspects and the fact that the intersection of both types to fertile hybrids leads. Reproductive hybrid species are not a fixed species criterion for fish , but occur regularly in nature themselves (for example among carp fish or the cichlids in the East African lakes). Today the thick-lipped threadfish is a valid species. The genus name comes from the Indian, the species name means: with pronounced lips. The correct spelling in the scientific literature is Trichogaster labiosa , as the Latinized generic name Trichogaster is feminine like the specific epithet labiosa .

literature

swell

  • Britz, R. & JA Cambray (2001): Structure of egg surfaces and attachment organs in anabantoids . Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 12 (no. 3): 267-288.
  • Day, F. (1877): The fishes of India; being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma, and Ceylon . Part 3: 369-552, Pls. 79-138.
  • Karmakar, AK (2000): Fish communities and their distribution in Himalayan drainage system . Records of the Zoological Survey of India v. 98 (pt 4): 25-37.
  • Manna, GK & R. Prashad (1977): Chromosome analysis in five species of fresh water fishes . The Nucleus: 264-271.
  • Talwar, PK & AG Jhingran (1991): Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries . In 2 vols. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta. V. 1-2: i-xvii + 36 unnumbered + 1-1158, 1 map.
  • Vishwanath, W. & I. Linthoingambi (2005): Fishes of the genus Colisa Cuvier from Manipur and first record of Colisa labiosus (Day) from India . Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 101 (pt 3): 466-469. Apparently published in 2005, in v. 101 (no.3).

Web links

Commons : Thick-lipped Gourami  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jörg Töpfer: Colisa labiosa (Day, 1878). In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 250.