Trichogaster

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Trichogaster
A male dwarf gourami

A male dwarf gourami

Systematics
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Climbing fish species (Anabantiformes)
Subordination : Labyrinth fish (Anabantoidei)
Family : Osphronemidae
Subfamily : Threadfish (Trichogastrinae)
Genre : Trichogaster
Scientific name
Trichogaster
Bloch & Schneider , 1801

The genus Trichogaster ( Syn .: Colisa ) includes small labyrinth fish that are mainly found in northern India , Bangladesh and Myanmar .

features

In the representatives of this genus, the pelvic fins are reduced to a single long, hard-fin ray. When put on, it extends to the base of the tail fin and has taste buds with which the fish can recognize conspecifics. In contrast to the other thread fish (those of the genus Trichopodus ), the dorsal fin of the species of this genus is about the same length as the anal fin and is supported by 15–19 hard fin rays. In addition, the body is more compact and is between four and twelve cm long, depending on the species. Like most labyrinth fish, these also feed mainly on zooplankton such as small crabs , insects and their larvae , as well as on approach food, i.e. insects that land on the surface of the water.

Occurrence

The fish of this genus are found mainly in the rivers that arose in the northern and northeastern regions of contact between the Indian subcontinent and the Eurasian plate . With north india , south nepal and Bangladesh, this is the area of Bengal and its neighborhood, as well as Myanmar further south-east . The dwarf gourami and the honey gourami live in the catchment area of ​​the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers . The striped gourami occurs as a cultural successor in some other parts of India . The thick-lipped gourami populates the catchment area of ​​the Irrawaddy . In the dry season, the fish live in large groups in the rivers, and in the rainy season they move to the floodplain areas and rice fields to reproduce there.

Reproduction

For reproduction, the males occupy territories and build a foam nest between aquatic plants . The male lures a female ready to mate under the foam nest by courtship. When mating under the nest i. A. given several hundred swimming eggs, which rise into the nest by themselves due to their oil droplets. Then the immediate vicinity of the nest is guarded by the males and the females are driven out of the immediate vicinity. Depending on the temperature and species, the larvae hatch after 24–48 hours and are kept in the nest passively by an oily yolk sac and actively by the male. After a few days, the larvae leave the nest and are no longer cared for by the males .

use

In their homeland, all representatives are used as food fish . The small ones serve as dried fish , the larger ones are also used as fresh fish . The dwarf gourami and honey gourami also count as aquarium fish to the standard offer of pet shops, and both. as well as the thick-lipped threadfish , there are cultivated forms resulting from this.

Systematics

The genus was established in 1801 by Bloch & Schneider without a type species . It contained both an eastern and a western threadfish . From 1829 to 1831 the division into the now recognized genres took place, but invalid synonyms were introduced. Colisa is best known for the western gourami from Cuvier in 1831. In 1917, Jordan established the striped gourami as a type species for the western gourami with the generic name Trichogaster . However, the name Colisa was in use from 1923 until the end of the 20th century and is still very common today. The correct scientific name is Trichogaster and is also finding its way back into the scientific literature. The generic name indicates the thread-like pelvic fins ("Thrix" = "hair", "Gaster" = "belly").

The following species belong to the genus Trichogaster :

literature

  • Horst Linke: Labyrinth fish - color in the aquarium . Tetra Verlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89745-120-4 .
  • Helmut Pinter: Labyrinth fish, pike heads and snakehead fish . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8001-7093-0 .
  • Jürgen Schmidt: Guramis and thread fish . Bede Verlag, Ruhmannsfelden 1998, ISBN 3-931792-48-X .
  • Jörg Vierke: Labyrinth fish and related species . Pfriem Verlag, Wuppertal-Elberfeld 1978, ISBN 3-921677-08-4 .

Web links

Commons : Trichogaster  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

Most of the information in this article is taken from Vierke (1978) and Pinter (1984); the following sources are also cited:

  1. ↑ a b J. Töpfer: Lacepède . In: The Macropod . No. 2 , 2008, ISSN  0937-177X , p. 41 (especially Chapters 3–5). or in abbreviated form: J. Töpfer: Lacepède and his labyrinth fish genera Osphronemus and Trichopodus as well as the validity of the names . In: Aquarium live . No. 5 , 2008, ISSN  1432-413X , p. 58 .
  2. ↑ K.-H. Rossmann: New names for the thread fish? In: The Macropod . No. 3 , 2008, ISSN  0937-177X , p. 79 ( online version of the article ).
  3. ↑ I. Schindler: The scientific names of the dwarf threadfish "Colisa" . In: The Macropod . No. 5/6 , 2005, ISSN  0937-177X , p. 84 ( online archive of the macropod ).
  4. ^ R. Britz: Why Colisa has become Trichoaster and Trichogaster is now Trichopodus . In: AAGB Labyrinth . tape 136 , 2004, pp. 8-9 .
  5. ↑ F. Schäfer: What are the names of our threadfish? In: Aquaristik Fachmagazin . No. 173 , 2003, ISSN  1437-4854 , pp. 17-22 .
  6. ↑ Trichogaster in the Catalog of Fishes (English)
  7. ↑ "Catalog of Fishes": The generic name Colisa  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , January 4, 2014 release@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / research.calacademy.org  
  8. ^ J. Töpfer & I. Schindler: On the type species of Trichopodus (Teleostei: Perciformes: Osphronemidae) . In: Vertebrate Zoology . No. 59 (1) , 2009, pp. 49–51 ( online version of the article [PDF]).