Thick-billed green pigeon
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Thick-billed green pigeon |
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| Treron curvirostra | ||||||||||
| ( Gmelin , 1789) |
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The thick-billed green pigeon ( Treron curvirostra ), also known as the parrot -beaked pigeon , is a high-contrast feathered species of pigeon birds. It is distributed in several subspecies in Southeast Asia.
The stock situation of the thick-billed green pigeon is given as harmless ( least concern ).
Appearance
The thick-billed green pigeon reaches a body length of 27 centimeters. It is a medium-sized, compactly built pigeon that is slightly larger than a laughing pigeon . The tail accounts for between 7.4 and 8.3 centimeters. The very strong beak is between 1.6 and 1.8 centimeters long. The gender dimorphism is only slightly pronounced.
Appearance of the males
In the male, the forehead and the reins are ash gray and merge into a darker gray at the back of the head. The back neck is olive in color. The mantle and the small wing covers are dark red-brown. The wings are otherwise dark green to black, the individual feathers have broad yellow edges. The back, the rump and the upper tail-coverts are olive-colored, the middle tail feathers are green, the outer ones are dark gray at the base and become lighter towards the tips. They also have a black central band.
The sides of the head, throat, neck and chest are light green, the belly is a little grayer. The iris is red to yellowish on the outside and dark brown to bluish on the inside. The eyes are surrounded by wide, blue-green dark circles. The beak has a red wax skin, is pale yellow to court jester, the basal half is red to olive. The feet are bright red.
Appearance of females and fledglings
In the females the coat is olive colored, while in the males it is dark red-brown. The elytra are dark olive in them. The short under tail-coverts are dark olive-green with a cream-colored end band. The long under tail-coverts are cream-colored with a dark olive-colored transverse banding. Fledglings resemble females, but are a little paler overall.
Possible confusion
In the range of the thick-billed green pigeon there are several other pigeon species with predominantly green body plumage.
The Andaman green pigeon differs from the thick-billed green pigeon by its slimmer beak, the greenish wax skin and beak base and a much smaller eye ring. The small green pigeon is significantly smaller than the thick-billed green pigeon, has a slimmer beak with a greenish wax skin, a conspicuous eye ring and a black tail with a narrow gray end band. The cinnamon-headed green pigeon is the only species of green pigeon in the range of the thick-billed green pigeon, which also has a beak with a red wax skin. Again, the beak is narrower in this species, the head and chest are chestnut brown. The gray masked green pigeon is similar in size and plumage. The wax skin and base of the beak are greenish.
Distribution area
The thick-billed green pigeon has a very large distribution area. It extends from Nepal via Sikkim , Bhutan , northeast India , Bangladesh , the south of the Chinese provinces of Yunnan and Hainan, Burma , Thailand , Laos , Cambodia , Vietnam , Malaysia , Borneo , the Philippines , Sumatra to Java . The thick-billed green pigeon is a common bird species in many regions of this range. In many forested regions it is even the most common green-feathered pigeon.
The thick-billed green pigeon is a very adaptable species and inhabits a number of different forested habitats. These include evergreen rainforest, deciduous forest, forests along rivers, secondary forests, mangroves. It also occurs on agricultural areas with forest groves and in densely tree-lined villages. It is basically a type of lowlands, but occurs in the Himalayas up to an altitude of 1500 meters.
Way of life
The thick-billed green pigeon is usually found in flocks of ten to 40 individuals. They are happy to call and very lively pigeons. Most of them are in the treetops, where they eat a variety of different fruits. They only come to the ground to eat or drink berries.
They breed from January to July. The nest is a loose platform of twigs that is usually built in a fork of a small tree or in a bamboo grove. Often there are several nests in close proximity to one another. The clutch consists of two eggs. Both parent birds are involved in nest building and brood.
attitude
The first greenhorn thick pigeons were introduced to Germany in 1894. The first breeding took place in England in 1964. In 1966 the Berlin Zoo succeeded in breeding this species.
literature
- David Gibbs, Eustace Barnes and John Cox: Pigeons and Doves - A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World . Pica Press, Sussex 2001, ISBN 90-74345-26-3 .
- Gerhard Rösler: The wild pigeons of the earth - free living, keeping and breeding . M. & H. Schaper Verlag, Alfeld-Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7944-0184-0 .
Web links
- Treron curvirostra in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2012. Accessed November 10, 2016th
- Call of the thick-billed green pigeon on Xeno-Canto
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Treron curvirostra in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2012. Accessed November 10, 2016th
- ↑ Gibbs, Barnes and Cox: Pigeons and Doves , p. 433.
- ^ Gibbs, Barnes and Cox: Pigeons and Doves , p. 435.
- ↑ a b Gibbs, Barnes and Cox: Pigeons and Doves , p. 434.
- ↑ Rösler: The wild pigeons of the earth , p. 253