Dionysius Church (Wulsdorf)
The Dionysius Church on Jedutenberg in Bremerhaven - Wulsdorf belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Dionysius Community of Wulsdorf .
history
Small remnants of the rural settlement of Vieland, which belonged to the County of Stotel , which became part of the Archbishopric of Bremen in 1373, have been preserved in the old village center of Wulsdorf . In 1648 the area came under Swedish sovereignty as part of the Duchy of Bremen and in 1719 to the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , which was the Prussian province of Hanover from 1866. In 1920 Wulsdorf became part of Geestemünde and is now a district of Bremerhaven.
The existence of a church is first mentioned in a document in 1313; 1463 especially the the was Dionysius of Paris dedicated to Dionysius Church called in Wulsdorf in a document of Plenty Andes. Archaeologically, two wooden churches have been identified as previous buildings, the older of which was dated to the end of the 9th or beginning of the 10th century.
The Romanesque church was probably built from field stone in the 12th century and was a fortified church for a long time . It has a west tower and a free-standing bell tower . The churchyard was bordered with a high and strong wall so that the residents, including cattle and other movable property, could protect themselves during armed attacks. They could also seek shelter here during storm surges.
The rectangular choir probably had a vault from the beginning, from which a corner pillar capital has been preserved. The south portal, which is now walled up, is a stepped portal made of sandstone. On the north portal, which is also walled up today, brick in the monastery format was also used in the first construction phase , which suggests that it was built in the last quarter of the century. Possibly as early as the 13th century the nave was raised with brick and vaulted, the choir vault was renewed and at least one ogival window was enlarged , i.e. in the Gothic style . Further, obviously somewhat more recent window enlargements were also made in bricks in the medieval monastery format, but stylistically not as typical.
Probably in the 15th century, a free-standing parallel wall tower for the bells was built southwest of the church , also made of brick in the format of a monastery.
Later, now with a modern little brick, the outer walls of the ship were raised by half a meter and the bell tower and west tower were repaired. Iron anchors on the west wall of the west tower show the year 1780 in a stylized variation.
During the Second World War, the choir was hit by a bomb and badly damaged. It was restored in 1949 according to plans by Gustav Sieben, with a faithful reconstruction of the north window, but without the east window.
Archaeological excavations in 2002/03 provided new insights into the previous buildings and the former church furnishings , e.g. B. the glass windows. The Wulsdorf silver treasure was also discovered there.
Others
The Dionysius Church has been a listed building since 1978. The Alt-Wulsdorfer Friedhof from 1865, administered by the Evangelical Lutheran. Geestemünde cemetery office is located on the nearby Kreuzackerstraße and Hackfahrel streets .
The day care center "Mikado" on Jedutenberg belongs to the Dionysius community.
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Bremen / Lower Saxony ; Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 1977, ISBN 3422003487 .
- Johann Holst: The Wulsdorf Church . Low German Heimatblatt No. 15 from 1926.
- Rudolf Stein: Village churches and farmhouses in the Bremen region . Bremen 1967.
- Fritz Hörmann / Egon Stuve: Wulsdorf, older than 850 years. Bremerhaven 1989. pp. 63-67.
- Gerhard Grunwald: Chronicle of Wulsdorf. Bremerhaven 1990. pp. 41-177.
- Dieter Bischop u. a. (Ed.): Castle and Church in Wulsdorf , Bremerhaven 2014
- Hans Christian Küchelmann: Better a sparrow in hand than a red rooster on the roof. A handful of bones from the Dionysius Church in Bremerhaven-Wulsdorf, Fundstelle 26 , Bremen 2014. ( online , PDF) on knochenarbeit.de, website on archeozoology and taphonomy
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 53 ° 30 '3.9 " N , 8 ° 36' 8.9" E