Dmitri Konstantinowitsch Navalichin

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Dmitri Konstantinowitsch Nawalichin ( Russian Дмитрий Константи́нович Навалихин , scientific transliteration Dmitrij Konstantinovič Navalichin ; born October 12, 1911 in Novosibirsk ) is a Russian architect and painter. As chief architect of the city of Kaliningrad and later head of the regional administration, he created the drafts for the rebuilding of the old town and the Königsberg castle (Navalichin-Maksimow-Plan 1949), which was rejected by GIPROGOR , the state institute for urban planning. Under Stalin he designed the Kaliningrad Peace Avenue (Prospect Mira; formerly Prospect Stalingrad) and set up the monument protection zones of Kaliningrad under perestroika .

Career

Architect training

Nawalichin's training was that of a “very likely Soviet, but also traditional St. Petersburg artist-architect”. He studied at the Leningrad Institute of Civil Engineering (Leningradski inschenerno-stroitelny institut, LISI , today State University of Architecture and Building Art Saint Petersburg ) with Andrei Andrejewitsch Ol . Before graduating, Nawalichin was working in Ol's office on the design and execution of a residential building on Suvorov Prospect. It was the house on the corner of Leningrad's Suvorov Prospect and 5th Soviet Street. In 1936 he finished his studies.

Painter training

Nawalichin was not only an architect, but also a painter. He received his training in this regard at the Repin Institute of the "All-Russian Academy of Art" in Leningrad . His teachers were the painters Konstantin Rudakow (1891-1949) and Lansere (1875-1946).

job

Until the beginning of the Second World War , Nawalichin worked as an architect in Leningrad and the surrounding area on smaller projects. In 1946 he became a member of the CPSU . After the war he got two orders in Moscow. In 1947 he came to Kaliningrad and was the city's chief architect from 1947 to 1955. Together with Arseni Wladimirowitsch Maximow he proposed to keep the structure of the old city blocks and to leave the Königsberg Castle standing. The reconstruction proposal was not implemented; the road layout was maintained according to the proposal, the castle ruins were blown up in 1968.

Until 1957 he was head of the regional administration for architecture. From 1957 to 1961 he was the head of the housing department at the Academy of Architecture in Chelyabinsk . From 1961 he taught at the Moscow Chair for Architectural Design in settlement planning and worked for GIPROGOR , the state institute for urban planning.

Since 1975 he worked at the institute of the "Special Restoration Project " in Moscow ( FGUP Institute "Spezprojektrestawrazija" ) and was head of the department for the planning of monument protection zones. He was in charge of planning for old Russian cities like Astrakhan , Tomsk , Ryazan and Nizhny Novgorod . In 1989 he returned to Kaliningrad to draw up a list of monuments.

Catalog raisonné

  • House on the corner of Suvorovprospekt and 5th Soviet Street, Leningrad (1935–1938)
  • Old sanatorium, Kislovodsk (1937–1938)
  • Reconstructions, Kaliningrad (from 1947)
  • Construction of the Stalingrad Prospect (today Mira Prospekt; German: Allee des Friedens), Kaliningrad (from 1947)
  • First plan to rebuild the old town of Kaliningrad (1949)

Publications

  • K voprosu re Konstrukcii goroda Kaliningrada (On the question of the reconstruction of the city of Kaliningrad) = К вопросу реконструкции города . Moscow 1954.
  • K voprosu re Konstrukcii centra goroda Kaliningrada (On the question of rebuilding the center of Kaliningrad) = К вопросу реконструкции центра города . Moscow 1958.

literature

  • Markus Podehl : Architektura Kaliningrada: How Kaliningrad became from Königsberg. Materials on the art, culture and history of East Central Europe, 1 . Herder Institute, Marburg 2012, OCLC 816472756 .
  • Bert Hoppe : On the ruins of Königsberg. Kaliningrad 1946-1970. Munich 2000. On Navachilin pp. 16, 48-53, 57, 59-72, 81, 93, 100-102, 105, 111, 114 f., 118, 122, 127, 129, 135, 140 f., 149 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://artru.info/ar/42249/
  2. ↑ photography. On: gako2006.narod.ru.
  3. ^ A b c Biography of the architect Dimitri Navalichin (Дмитрий Навалихин). ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On: rynokzhilia.ru. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rynokzhilia.ru
  4. ↑ Podehl, p. 92.
  5. ↑ Podehl, from p. 93 and p. 95.
  6. ↑ Podehl, from p. 93.
  7. ↑ Podehl, from p. 100: Planning for Kaliningrad under the city architect Nachilin.
  8. ^ A b c Bert Hoppe: On the ruins of Königsberg: Kaliningrad 1946-1970 books.google.de.
  9. ^ Maksimov, Arsenij V.
  10. ↑ Maksimov, Arsenij V. 1912–.
  11. ↑ See Podehl, p. 93.
  12. ^ Hoppe, personal glossary: ​​"Navalichin".
  13. ↑ Podehl, p. 386.
  14. ↑ Hoppe, appendix personal glossary
  15. ↑ Hoppe, pp. 16, 48-53, 57, 59-72, 81, 93, 100-102, 105, 111, 114 f., 118, 122, 127, 129, 135, 140 f., 149.
  16. ↑ Köster, p. 12.
  17. ↑ Podehl, p. 363: “Since 1975 Navachilin has been the head of planning for monument protection zones at the Institut Spezproektrestavracija . After planning for old Russian cities like Astrakhan, Tomsk, Ryazan and Niznij Novgorod, he had now returned to his old place of work. Under his leadership, it was determined which buildings in the city and which of its ensembles were worth protecting and to what extent. [...] The protection zone plan of 1989/90 marked the end of the planning history of Soviet Kaliningrad. "
  18. ↑ Podehl, p. 363.
  19. ↑ Podehl, p. 390.
  20. ↑ Podehl, p. 390.
personal data
SURNAME Navalichin, Dmitri Konstantinowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Navalichin, Dimitrij Konstantinovic; Навалихин, Дмитрий Константи́нович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian architect, construction officer and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Novosibirsk