Dmitri Nikolajewitsch Prjanischnikow

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DN Prjanischnikow (Soviet postage stamp, 1962)

Dmitri Nikolajewitsch Prjanischnikow ( Russian Дмитрий Николаевич Прянишников ; born November 7, 1865 in Kjachta ( Transbaikalia ); † April 30, 1948 ) was one of the most important Russian-Soviet agricultural scientists .

Live and act

Prjanischnikow, son of an accountant, studied natural sciences and agriculture in Moscow and in 1891 earned his master's degree in agronomy. In 1895 he took over the chair for agricultural chemistry at the Agricultural Academy "Timirjasew" in Moscow. Here he worked for over fifty years with far-reaching international charisma.

He was an outstanding scientist, university professor and organizer. With his work on the nitrogen and phosphate nutrition of plants, he became the founder of modern fertilizer theory in Russia. For him, agricultural chemistry and plant physiology were among the basic subjects of agricultural plant production theory . His entire agronomic life's work is characterized by the close connection between science and practice.

Prjanischnikow wrote textbooks and manuals of a high scientific level on fertilization, plant nutrition and plant cultivation. Most of his works have been translated into other European languages. There are also several German-language editions. Prjanischnikow was a great admirer of German science and culture. He made several trips to Germany. He received high national and international honors. In 1926 he received the Lenin Prize and twice the Order of Lenin . He was u. a. Member of the German Academy of Natural Scientists ( Leopoldina ) in Halle (Saale), honorary member of the German Botanical Society , corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences and honorary doctorate from the University of Wroclaw .

German-language editions of his main works

  • The fertilizer doctrine . After the Russian 5th edition edited by M. von Wrangell. Publishing house Paul Parey Berlin 1923.
  • Special crop production. Cultivation of agricultural crops . After the 7th scientific. Edition edited by Ernst Tamm. Julius Springer Berlin 1930.
  • Nitrogen in the life of plants and agriculture in the USSR . Edited by Theodor Roemer and Gustav Könnecke. Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1952.

literature

  • Michael Gordienko: In memoriam DN Prjanischnikow, April 30, 1948 . In: Journal for plant nutrition, fertilization, soil science, Vol. 42 (87), 1948, pp. 1-4 (with picture).
  • Kurt Mothes: DN Prjanischnikow 1865–1948 . In: Reports of the German Botanical Society Vol. 68 a, 1955, pp. 311-313 (with picture).
  • Dimitrij Prjanischnikow , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 35/1964 from August 17, 1964, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Prjanischnikow, Dmitri Nikolajewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Прянишников, Дмитрий Николаевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Soviet agronomist
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Kjachta , Transbaikalia
DATE OF DEATH April 30, 1948