Dora Lux

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dora Lux , née Bieber (born October 27, 1882 at Gut Bismarckshöhe near Hammer , Czarnikau district , † June 13, 1959 in Heidelberg ), was a German teacher.

Life

Dora Lux grew up in a family of Jewish descent who had converted to Protestantism. Her father Georg Bieber had himself and his family baptized in order to take up a position as a civil servant in the Prussian civil service. He encouraged his daughters and gave them more freedom than was common at the time. Among other things, you learned from women's rights activist Helene Lange in Berlin . Lux's sister Annemarie later became a doctor. She also had a younger sister Elsbeth and two brothers.

Dora Lux graduated from high school in 1901, making her one of the first 50 high school graduates in Germany. She then attended the University of Berlin as a guest student. She then moved via Heidelberg to Munich, where women were already admitted to matriculation. There she received her doctorate in classical philology in 1906 . In 1909 she became one of the first high school teachers in Germany and gave Helene Lange's high school courses for women in Latin, Greek and history. She lived with her sister Annemarie in a house in Berlin on Bayerischer Platz.

In 1915 Dora Lux married the publicist and friend of her father Heinrich Lux (1863-1944), for whom it was the third marriage. In 1922 she started a job as a school teacher at the Lette-Haus in Berlin-Schöneberg on. In the Weimar Republic, she was one of the few female university teachers who were married. At the same time as her job, she raised two daughters.

Soon after the National Socialists came to power in 1933, Dora Lux was dismissed and banned from working. During this time she wrote articles for the magazine Ethische Kultur , in which she campaigned for freedom of the press and other fundamental rights. She lived in a privileged mixed marriage , did not comply with the request to register with the police registration office as a Jew in 1935 and was not registered as an atheist in the Jewish community. This is how she escaped deportation . After her husband fell ill and died in 1944, she fled to Lake Constance . Her sister Annemarie was able to emigrate to the USA, her siblings Elsbeth and Friedrich were deported to Theresienstadt , where Friedrich died.

After the Second World War, Dora Lux received a temporary position at Heidelberg University. From 1947 she taught at the Elisabeth von Thadden School in the Heidelberg district of Wieblingen . From 1953 to 1955 she was the history teacher of the later politician Hilde Schramm , through whose book Meine Lehrerin, Dr. Dora Lux she became known posthumously. In 1959 she died in poverty.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Speer's daughter Schramm about her Jewish teacher sueddeutsche.de, accessed on December 29, 2012.
  2. ↑ a b c d Eine deutsche Intellektuelle taz.de, accessed on December 29, 2012.
  3. ↑ From the memoirs of Dr. Heinrich Lux - the period from 1863 to 1909 (PDF; 368 kB)
personal data
SURNAME Lux, Dora
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bieber, Dora; Bieber-Lux, Dora
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher
DATE OF BIRTH October 27, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Gut Bismarckshöhe near Hammer , Czarnikau district , Poland
DATE OF DEATH June 13, 1959
Place of death Heidelberg