Dorothea of ​​Brandenburg-Kulmbach

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dorothea of ​​Brandenburg, Queen of Denmark, as a widow

Dorothea von Brandenburg (* 1430 ; † November 25, 1495 in Kalundborg ) was a princess of Brandenburg and by marriage Queen of Denmark , Norway and Sweden , as well as Duchess of Schleswig and Holstein and Countess of Oldenburg .

Life

Dorothea was the youngest daughter of Margrave Johann von Brandenburg (1406–1464), called the alchemist from his marriage to Barbara (1405–1465), daughter of Duke Rudolf III. of Saxony-Wittenberg . Dorothea's father renounced the rights of his firstborn and the succession to the throne in Brandenburg and received the Franconian possessions of the Hohenzollern House .

Dorothea married King Christoph III in Copenhagen on September 12, 1445 . of Denmark (1416-1448). Dorothea was crowned Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden on September 14, 1445. Christoph died after just three years of marriage. Dorothea, as the owner of the royal authority, initially wanted the Imperial Councilor Gyldenstern to be proclaimed the new king, but the nobility held on to choosing foreign rulers and keeping them dependent on the Imperial Council. First of all, Dorothea's marriage to the Polish King Casimir IV was negotiated.

On October 28, 1449 Dorothea married Christian I (1426-1481), son of Count Dietrich von Oldenburg and his second wife Princess Heilwig von Holstein , whom the Imperial Councilor on the recommendation of his uncle Adolf VIII , the Duke, was married to in Copenhagen of Schleswig and Counts of Holstein , as the new king.

Dorothea was considered a clever and energetic woman, she supported her husband in his government affairs. Several times (1465, 1466, 1478 and 1488) she demanded her paternal inheritance from her Brandenburg family, which was finally rejected with the following words: “ She deserves nothing of the fiefs: all our property is fiefdom that is customary by the emperor, so she has nothing in the country, since there are human heirs of our family. You know how we brothers are divided and gathered by our father, who approves and approves all the princes. "

As a result of her very successful financial policy, she was able to furnish her younger son Friedrich , who was considered her favorite, in 1490 with parts of Schleswig and Holstein, which was also elevated to a duchy in 1474. By redeeming pledges, she had succeeded in becoming a feudal owner in Schleswig as well as in Holstein, which Christian confirmed to her in his will. She also acted as regent for her son Friedrich in Schleswig-Holstein.

Dorothea died on November 10, 1495 in Kalundborg and was buried next to her husband in Roskilde Cathedral. She was the ancestral mother of the Danish kings from the Oldenburg family .

progeny

The marriage with the Danish King Christoph III. († 1448) remained childless. Her second marriage to King Christian I of Denmark resulted in five children:

  • Olav (1450-1451)
  • Knut (1451-1455)
  • John I (1455–1513), King of Denmark
⚭ 1478 Princess Christina of Saxony (1461–1521)
⚭ 1469 King James III. of Scotland (1451–1488)
⚭ 1. 1502 Princess Anna of Brandenburg (1487–1514)
⚭ 2. 1518 Princess Sophia of Pomerania (1498–1568)

See also

literature

  • Kai Fuhrmann: The knighthood as a political corporation in the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein from 1460 to 1721 , Verlag Ludwig, 2002, p. 75 ff.

Web links

Commons : Dorothea von Brandenburg-Kulmbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Menzel: General world history from the beginning until now: in twelve volumes , Krabbe, 1863, p. 416
  2. ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia: from the oldest times to the fall of the rule of the German order, Volume 8 , Gebr. Bornträger, 1838, p. 146
  3. ↑ Adolf von Warnstedt: The Oldenburg and Brandenburg inheritance claims to the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein , Schmorl & von Seefeld, 1865, p. 216 ( digitized version )
predecessor Office successor
Philippa of England Queen of Denmark
1448–1481 		Christina of Saxony
Katarina Karlsdotter Queen of Norway
1450–1481 		Christina of Saxony
Kristina Abrahamsdotter Queen of Sweden
1457–1464 		Kristina Abrahamsdotter
personal data
SURNAME Dorothea of ​​Brandenburg-Kulmbach
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dorothea of ​​Denmark
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden as well as Duchess of Schleswig and Holstein and Countess of Oldenburg
DATE OF BIRTH 1430
DATE OF DEATH November 25, 1495
Place of death Kalundborg