Drudewenshusen

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Valley of the wallow with the Trudelshäuser mill

Drudewenshusen is a desert in the district of Göttingen , which is near today's Trudelhäuser Mühle, between the places Seulingen and Landolfshausen . The place Drudewenshusen fell in the late medieval desert period from 1300 to 1450. More detailed studies indicate a period around 1430.

history

Drudewenshusen appears relatively late in the written sources, which mostly only give information about ownership conditions and seldom information about the nature of the medieval villages and the living conditions of their inhabitants. For this desert in particular, only sparse written reports have been received and did not begin until 1271. At that time a pastor was named for Drudewenshusen, who was noted in a document as a witness. The oldest direct mention of the place Drudewenshusen comes from the year 1341, when the noblemen of Plesse acquired the court rights of the place from Duke Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Grubenhagen . Furthermore, the von Plesse acquired the courts in Landolfshausen , zu Falkenhagen , the deserted Boldenhusen and Sweckhusen. In 1502 the von Plesse enfeoffed those of Grone with half of the village Drudelshusen and half of the parish. In 1421 a deserted area in Drudelshausen was included in the Gieboldehausen district . A mention from 1434 referred to the place as de wostinghe Drudewenshusen and stipulates that the village was already a desert at that time.

The reason for the libertine traps the place could be in a border dispute between the offices Radolfshausen , Gieboldehausen and Duderstadt are located, an indication of the involvement Duderstadt is the membership Drudewenshusens to the Official Gieboldehausen in 1421. Another proof of ownership of the place provides a Mutungszettel from the around 1400 shows, which testifies that the village Drudewenshusen as a Fuldauer was transferred to the fiefdom of Plesse.

Due to this poor source situation, one is increasingly dependent on archaeological investigations for this place. These investigations result in a settlement of the place from about the years 800/900 to 1430, whereby the place in the 12./13. Century owned 10 to 15 farms and thus had the strongest settlement around this time. There is evidence of three church buildings , the oldest of which dates back to the 9th or 10th century, while the newest church was built in the 13th century, but burned down in the following century. It had a base area of ​​17 m long, 7.5 m wide and represented a rectangular building with a retracted, square choir . The cemetery, which is secured with a ditch and a plank fence, and on the can also be dated to the construction time of the older church The outer edges were provided with storage facilities, some with a basement. Calculations testify to around 800 to 1000 burials within the churchyard . The dead were placed in wooden coffins , on four layers on top of each other, and occasionally burials were found in tree coffins or on death boards . But the dead were not only buried outside the church, there were also graves inside the former church . These were probably priests or prominent, secular persons.

In the case of the dead outside the church, excavations showed that a surprising number of people have reached old age . Frequent symptoms of illness, such as otitis media and sinus infections, suggest a rural settlement in Drudewenshusen, who were exposed to damp, unhealthy living conditions and who also had to contend with tooth decay, tartar formation, anemia and nasal stone . The hard physical work can be demonstrated by wear and tear on the joints and underpins the hard work of the former residents.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans-Georg Stephan: Results, problems and perspectives of interdisciplinary settlement research using the example of the Drudewenshusen desert in the lower Eichsfeld . In: Archaeological correspondence sheet . tape 18 , 1988, pp. 75-88 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Kühlhorn: The Middle Ages Desertions in Southern Lower Saxony, Volume 1: AE . Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 1994, ISBN 3-89534-131-2 , p. 420 .
  3. ^ Hans-Georg Stephan: Medieval rural settlements in the Göttingen area . In: Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany - City and District of Göttingen . tape 17 , 1988, pp. 43-54 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 32 ′ 3.6 ″  N , 10 ° 7 ′ 59.9 ″  E