Dark brown lolche owl

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Dark brown lolche owl
Dark brown lolche owl (Tholera cespitis), male

Dark brown lolche owl ( Tholera cespitis ), male

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily : Noctuoidea
Family : Owl butterfly (Noctuidae)
Subfamily : Hadeninae
Genre : Tholera
Type : Dark brown lolche owl
Scientific name
Tholera cespitis
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)

The dark brown lolche owl ( Tholera cespitis ), sometimes also referred to as the mountain grass owl, is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of the owl butterflies (Noctuidae).

features

butterfly

The wingspan of the moth is 32 to 40 millimeters. The basic color of the upper side of the forewing is black-brown to reddish brown-gray. Ring and kidney defects have a thin yellowish border. On the inside of the white and yellow wavy line there are dark arrow spots. The upper side of the hind wing is silky white in the males, light gray in the females. The antennae of the males are lightly combed on both sides, those of the females have very short ciliates.

egg

The egg has a spherical shape. It is strongly flattened at the base and strongly ribbed over the entire surface. Freshly laid eggs have a yellowish color that changes to reddish blue-gray before the caterpillars hatch.

Caterpillar

Younger caterpillars are initially usually greenish in color and change their color to shiny brownish tones as they develop. The back and side back lines are ocher colored.

Doll

The slender doll is colored red-brown. There are two peaks on the cremaster .

distribution and habitat

The species is widespread in Europe as far as Siberia and the Altai and is also found in Turkey and China . In Anatolia and the Elburs Mountains it is represented by the subspecies Tholera cespitis armena Hacker . In the Alps it rises to heights of 1,600 meters. The main habitat are grassy slopes, heaths, gardens, raised bogs as well as meadows and pastures.

Way of life

The nocturnal moths fly in one generation mainly in August and September. They like to visit artificial light sources , occasionally bait . The caterpillars live from September. They prefer to feed on the roots of various types of grass, for example Lolch - ( Lolium ), Zwenken - ( Brachypodium ), Schmielen - ( Deschampsia ) or types of wheat ( Triticum ). They overwinter and pupate in July of the following year.

Danger

In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, the dark brown lolche owl is not common, but it is not endangered.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Hermann Hacker, László Ronkay & Márton Hreblay: Hadeninae I. In: Michael Fibiger, David Agassiz & Martin Honey (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae. Volume 4. Entomological Press, Sorø 2002, ISBN 87-89430-07-7 , p. 156
  2. ↑ Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 , p. 88.
  3. ^ Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 7. Moths V Noctuidae 3. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3500-0 , pp. 328-330

literature

  • Hermann Hacker, László Ronkay & Márton Hreblay: Hadeninae I. In: Michael Fibiger, David Agassiz & Martin Honey (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae. Volume 4. Entomological Press, Sorø 2002, ISBN 87-89430-07-7 , p. 156
  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 7. Moths V Noctuidae 3. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3500-0 , pp. 328-330
  • Manfred Koch : We determine butterflies. Volume 3: Owls. 2nd, expanded edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1972, DNB 760072930 , pp. 102-103.

Web links

Commons : Dark Brown Lolcheule  - Collection of images, videos and audio files