EASY (initial distribution of asylum seekers)

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The EASY system is a computer program used by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) for the initial distribution of asylum seekers to the German federal states.

facts and figures

The system was established under the full name of “first reception asylum” in the course of the asylum law reform in April 1993 together with 50 newly created central reception centers.

Unaccompanied minors are particularly in need of protection and are not distributed with EASY. The youth welfare law stipulates that they from the Youth Welfare Office in custody must be taken and may not be distributed via EASY across Germany.

(As of 2015) are not included in the EASY-first frame or the asylum statistics Relatives of asylum claimants - asylum seekers, those in the asylum procedure , the refugee status was granted - in the framework of family reunification come to Germany because they are not as asylum seekers, but with a visa enter.

The figures from EASY were used in the end-of-year report of the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BIM) for 2016 as an indicator for the approximate monthly access of asylum seekers to Germany. In September 2015, the BAMF pointed out that the EASY figures were not up-to-date (the collection of personal data was behind schedule) and that there were also duplicate entries (e.g. due to a lack of identification service).

When the number of refugees skyrocketed in mid-2015 , many of the German authorities involved were apparently not up to the task.

Procedural principles of the system

The first entry in EASY is the starting point of the asylum procedure. For the federal state to which the refugee is assigned, the initial registration is the basis for further distribution.

According to Section 14 of the Asylum Act (Germany) (AsylG), asylum seekers are obliged to submit their asylum application to the branch office of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) that is assigned to the initial reception facility assigned to them by EASY . There, the migrants and refugees are registered by the German Red Cross (DRK). The DRK's own internal registration system allows, among other things, a personal check of the occupancy in the reception facility. The accepted asylum seekers receive DRK identity cards after registration. The DRK system is controversial for reasons of data protection .

Section 22 AsylG allows refugees to go to any reception facility as their first contact with a German authority. Here they are assigned by EASY to the initial reception facility responsible for them. If relatives of a refugee already live in Germany, EASY can assign them to an initial reception center in the same federal state with an increased probability when they register. This usually only happens if the country in question has not already taken in an above-average number of refugees. Only parents and their minor children have theright to immediate family reunification .

The initial distribution of asylum seekers to the federal states then takes place with EASY in accordance with Section 45 AsylG. The state-specific admission rate is determined annually by the Federal-State Commission and is based on the Königstein key . It determines the proportion of asylum seekers each federal state must take. In the EASY system, the Königstein key that was published in the Federal Gazette for the previous calendar year is used .

Refugees have one week to go to the initial reception facility to which they have been assigned by EASY. You can obtain the tickets required for the trip from the registration office. A journey escort by representatives of the authorities is not provided. Anyone who has not registered with the assigned facility within a week will be reported to the police as "illegally arriving". After the registration and the identification service , the refugees (since January / February 2016) receive a proof of arrival according to § 63a AsylG , during the examination of their initial application then a certificate of the permit of residence .

The "EASY gap"

The BAMF defines the EASY gap as the difference between the number of people recorded with EASY and the number of those people who made an initial application for asylum during the reference period . Since EASY does not collect any personal data, it is a statistical comparison.

In 2015, 1,091,894 people were counted as asylum seekers with EASY and 441,899 initial applications for asylum were submitted to the BAMF. The difference - the EASY gap - for 2015 was therefore 649,995.

One of the explanations for the difference is that some persons recorded in the EASY system traveled on to other countries, some re-registered in other federal states and were thus registered several times in the EASY system and some stayed with relatives or acquaintances. The question of how many of the people registered as asylum seekers may have migrated or slipped into illegality arises in particular with regard to the whereabouts of underage refugees.

In order to resolve the backlog of asylum applications, the number of employees at the BAMF was increased from 7,100 in June to 7,300 in September and increased to a total of 9,000 employees through secondments from other authorities.

In 2016, the numerical ratio of accesses in the EASY system in relation to the number of new asylum applications was reversed. Since the closure of the Balkan route and the conclusion of the EU-Turkey Agreement in March 2016, only around 16,000 asylum seekers are registered with the EASY IT system every month. In the article Refugee Crisis in Germany from 2015 (section Facts and Figures ) , bar charts provide an overview of this development. As a result, the annual balance sheet for 2016 shows that this year the EASY system recorded a number of 321,371 asylum seekers and more than twice as many asylum seekers (722,370) submitted an initial application for asylum to the BAMF.

Further developments

After the Data Exchange Improvement Act came into force on February 5, 2016 , “Integrated Identity Management” was introduced, in which all “core data” of asylum seekers is registered upon initial contact with the authorities and stored in a central core data system (KDS). The KDS is based on the Central Register of Foreigners , and since November 1, 2016, information about current addresses of refugees has been exchanged between the KDS and the population register . From the beginning of 2016, so-called “personalization infrastructure components” (fingerprint scanner, camera, passport checking device and ID printer) were gradually installed in reception facilities in the federal states and in BAMF branch offices, which allow asylum seekers to be registered and proof of arrival to be issued.

Asylum seekers will continue to be (as of 2019) distributed to the federal states according to the EASY quota system with the Königstein key.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Glossary . Federal Office for Migration and Refugees ; accessed on November 24, 2015.
  2. ↑ Preferably to Siberia . In: Der Spiegel . No. 21 , 1993 ( online ).
  3. ↑ Martin Klingst: After the amendment to the Basic Law: The number of asylum seekers is falling: the homes are emptying . In: Die Zeit , No. 43/1993.
  4. ^ A b Andrea Grunau: A lottery for refugees - how Germany distributes asylum seekers . Deutsche Welle , December 25, 2014.
  5. ↑ Lucia White: Women and Children last . ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ZDF today; accessed on December 29, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heute.de
  6. ↑ 280,000 asylum seekers in 2016. BMI -Nachrichten, January 11, 2017 (see: III. Registered accesses in the EASY system ).
  7. ↑ Very high asylum access in September. Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF), as of October 7, 2015
  8. ↑ Asylum figures and half-year results. BAMF , July 8, 2016.
  9. ↑ FAZ.net , October 10, 2015 / Reiner Burger, Rüdiger Soldt: Registration of refugees. Authorities in manual operation .
  10. ↑ Döbeln's refugees appear again . sächsische.de , November 27, 2015.
  11. ↑ The BigBrotherAward 2018 in the administration category goes to Cevisio Software und Systeme GmbH from Torgau
  12. ↑ Living, moving and compulsory residence . Lower Saxony Refugee Council; accessed on November 27, 2015
  13. ↑ First distribution of asylum seekers (EASY). BAMF, August 1, 2016.
  14. ↑ Andrea Müller: How does the distribution of asylum seekers work in Germany? Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, November 25, 2015.
  15. ↑ Presentation: Proof of arrival for asylum seekers. BAMF, December 10, 2015, accessed on August 27, 2017 .
  16. ↑ Proof of arrival for asylum seekers. BAMF, accessed on August 27, 2017 .
  17. ^ A b Regina Jordan: Giving refugees perspectives - integration through education and qualification. Orientation of the integration courses of the BAMF. ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. January 26, 2016, p. 3; Retrieved June 9, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / bbb.bildungsverband.info
  18. ↑ Federal Ministry of the Interior, 2015: More asylum applications in Germany than ever before. Press release from January 6, 2016.
  19. ↑ Karsten Polke-Majewski: There are no 143,000 missing refugees. Zeit online, February 26, 2016, accessed August 27, 2017 .
  20. ↑ Almost 9,000 refugee children are missing. Time online, August 29, 2016, accessed August 27, 2017 .
  21. ↑ BR / SWR documentary "Disappeared in Germany": "Fates won't let you go". Bayerischer Rundfunk, March 27, 2017, accessed on August 27, 2017 .
  22. ↑ Missing refugee children: Children's Fund demands clarification. Daily Sabah, July 4, 2017, accessed August 27, 2017 .
  23. ↑ Lower family reunification of Syrian refugees than expected. German wave . June 8, 2016, accessed June 10, 2016.
  24. ↑ Federal Refugee Office: Thousands of new positions filled ( Memento of the original from January 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , MDR, September 7, 2016.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mdr.de
  25. ↑ Researchers expect up to 400,000 refugees this year . Die Welt vom August 26, 2016, accessed on August 26, 2016.
  26. ↑ A preliminary balance sheet on refugee migration to Germany. (PDF) Study 19/2016 by the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) (see introduction), accessed on October 27, 2016.
  27. ↑ 280,000 asylum seekers in 2016. BMI -Nachrichten, January 11, 2017 (see: III. Registered accesses in the EASY system ).
  28. ↑ Asylum figures: Annual balance sheet 2016. BAMF, January 11, 2017.
  29. ↑ Hans Königes: Digital Asylum Procedure: A wake-up call for the federal IT. In: Computerwoche, issue 50/52. 2016, accessed October 25, 2019 . Pp. 32-35
  30. ↑ First distribution of asylum seekers (EASY). BAMF, May 16, 2019, accessed on October 25, 2019 .