Eberhard Schleusinger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eberhard Schleusinger (* around 1430 in "Gasmansdorf"; † after 1488 ) was a doctor and astrologer . One of his well-known works is the treatise on comets. He created calendars and horoscopes that were distributed using letterpress printing.

He called himself "von Gasmansdorf", received the academic title Magister artium in Vienna in 1455 , worked as a schoolmaster in Nördlingen in 1463/1464 and is said to have been a doctor of liberal arts and medicine around 1470, and became the personal physician of the Bishop of Bamberg. He was one of Bamberg's learned mathematicians. Between 1472 and 1488 he was a citizen and city doctor in Zurich.

Here he observed comet C / 1471 Y1 on January 15, 1472 , which was one of the non- or long-period comets , and wrote the Tractatus de cometis about it . This comet font in book form appeared as the first print in the printing works of the Canons' Monastery of St. Michael in Beromünster, which had been working since 1470 . The author is not named by name, but referred to as "Thurecensis physicus" (City Doctor of Zurich) (printed in Beromünster after April 1472, 12 sheets in 2 °; GW 7252; BSB-Ink S-202, 4 copies). Another print took place in Venice at Hans Awrl (or Aurl) 1474 (32 sheets in 4 °; GW 7253, BSB-Ink S-203, 2 copies). The prognosticatio of the German astrologer Johannes Lichtenberger for the year 1488 is based on Schleusinger's text. The later prints of the Kometentext (until 1574) name Regiomontanus (Johannes Müller, 1436–1476, von Königsberg) as the author, but Schleusinger's authorship is confirmed by Conrad Gessner.

His other printed works are 8 calendar and horoscope prints for the year 1482, which were published in the printer of the Predigerkloster Zurich by the printer Sigmund Rot (5 of them are mentioned in a register sheet, but are lost). The calendar prints show that he had a good knowledge of astronomy and that he was able to predict the new and full moon dates as well as the solar and lunar eclipses to within a few hours one year in advance.

Only posthumously did his work Assertio contra calumniatores astrologiae, in which he rebukes the despisers of astrology, appeared in Nuremberg at the printer Petrejus in 1539 in the compilation Opusculum astrologicum by Johannes Schoener (VD16 ZV14000).

literature

  • Martin Germann: Zurich's first print shop (1479-1481), preacher monastery. In: mendicant orders, brotherhoods and beguines in Zurich, urban culture and salvation in the Middle Ages; ed. by Barbara Helbling u. a .; Verlag NZZ, Zurich 2002, pp. 151–157, with a list of the Zurich incunabulum prints, also the calendar and bloodletting prints, with 4 illustrations.
  • Wolfgang Wegner: Schleusinger, Eberhard. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1301.
  • Peter Stotz / Philipp Roelli: Eberhard Schleusinger: De cometis - treatise on the comet of 1472. Critical edition and German translation with explanations by Peter Stotz and Philipp Roelli . Küsnacht-Zurich: Kranich-Verlag 2012, doi : 10.5167 / uzh-69827 .

Web links

  • De cometis. Beromünster after April 1472 (digitized version)
  • De cometis. Venice 1474 (digitized version)
  • The hours of the MCCCCLXXXII iars which in one year of the works are to be protected and to be avoided ... single-sheet printing, Zurich 1481/82 (digitized version )
  • Guot hours fruited, done together and approached together ... single-sheet print, Zurich 1481/82 (digitized version )
  • Assertatio contra calumniatores astrologiae . In: Ioannis Schoneri Opusculum Astrologicum: ex diversorum libris summa cura pro studiosorum utilitate collectum… Petreius, Nuremberg 1539 (digitized version )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wolfgang Wegner: Schleusinger, Eberhard. 2005, p. 1301.
  2. ^ Francis B. Brévart: Eberhard Schleusinger in: The German Literature of the Middle Ages: Author's Lexicon. founded by Wolfgang Stammler, continued by Karl Langosch; 2nd edition, Verlag de Gruyter, Berlin 1992, Sp. 716-718.
  3. ^ Ferdinand Geldner: The art of printing in old Bamberg 1458/59 to 1519 ; Meisenbach, Bamberg 1964, p. 87.
  4. ^ Joachim Heinrich Jäck: Pantheon of the writers and artists Bamberg. Issue 5/6, 1814.
  5. ^ Conrad Gessner: Bibliotheca universalis ; Froschauer, Zurich 1545, f. 218r (sv Eberhardus Schlüsinger).
  6. ↑ Martin Germann: Finding book cover, a Zurich calendar for the year 1482; with an overview of the Zurich Offizin and its prints from 1479 to around 1481 .; in: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1993, pp. 66–87, with 8 figures and 3 tables, for calendar calculation especially pp. 69–76.
personal data
SURNAME Schleusinger, Eberhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Doctor and astrologer
DATE OF BIRTH around 1430
DATE OF DEATH after 1488