Echinocereus coccineus

Echinocereus coccineus
Echinocereus coccineus flower from a plant from the Sacramento Mountains in Otero County , New Mexico
Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales) Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae) Subfamily : Cactoideae Tribe : Pachycereeae Genre : Echinocereus Type : Echinocereus coccineus
Scientific name
Echinocereus coccineus
Engelm.

Photo from 1904 as Echinocereus monacanthus

Echinocereus coccineus is a species of plant in the genus Echinocereus from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The epithet of the species is derived from the Greek noun "κόκκος" for scarlet red and refers to the color of the flowers. English common names are "Arizona Hedgehog", "California Hedgehog", "Golden Rainbow Hedgehog", "Mexican Claret-Cup Cactus" and "White-Spined Claret-Cup Cactus". Echinocereus coccineus is hardy .

description

The usually branched plant forms small mounds, which consist of a few to many trunks and can reach a diameter of up to one meter. The light green plant body is ovoid to cylindrical and reaches heights of growth of up to 40 centimeters with a diameter of 2.5 to 5 centimeters. The 5 to 12 ribs often form warts. The thorns are yellow to blackish. The up to 4 central spines, which can also be missing, have an angular cross-section and are up to 7 centimeters long. The middle of them is often flattened. The 5 to 20 radial spines are round at the base.

The broad, funnel-shaped, orange-red flowers appear below the tip of the shoot and are sometimes dioecious . They become 3 to 10 centimeters long and have a diameter of 2.5 to 8 centimeters. The spherical fruits turn red and have sloping thorns.

Distribution, systematics and endangerment

Echinocereus coccineus is distributed in the southern US states of Colorado , Arizona , New Mexico , west of Texas and south through the Sonoran Desert to the Mexican states of Coahuila and Chihuahua .

The first description by George Engelmann was published in 1848. Echinocereus coccineus is closely related to Echinocereus triglochidiatus . Many hybrids between species are known.

Nomenclatory synonyms are Cereus coccineus (Engelm.) Engelm. (1848, nom. Illeg. ICBN -Article 53.1) Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. Coccineus (Engelm.) WTMarshall (1941) and Echinocereus triglochidiatus subsp. coccineus (Engelm.) U. Guzmán (2003). Some of the numerous other synonyms are Echinocereus paucispinus (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Rümpler (1885), Echinocereus kunzei Gürke (1907) and Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. melanacanthus (Engelm. ex Gray) LDBenson (1944).

In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered.

proof

literature

• Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 194-195 .
• Curt Backeberg : Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde . 2nd Edition. tape IV . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart New York 1984, ISBN 3-437-30383-X , p. 2068-2071 .
• NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape III . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1922, p. 14 .
• Walther Haage : cacti from A to Z . 3. Edition. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-494-01142-7 , p. 147 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Friedrich Adolph Wislizenus : Memoir of a Tour to Northern Mexico, Connected with Col. Doniphan's Expedition, in 1846 and 1847 . Washington 1848, p. 93 (online) .
2. ↑ Echinocereus coccineus in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2013.2. Posted by: Terry, M., Heil, K., Gómez-Hinostrosa, C. & Corral-Díaz, R., 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Echinocereus coccineus  - album with pictures, videos and audio files