Edvard Storm

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Edvard Storm

Edvard Storm (born August 21, 1749 in Vågå , † September 24, 1794 in Copenhagen ) was a Norwegian poet and teacher. Together with Thomas De Stockfleth (1742–1808), he is considered to be the most important representative of Norwegian native poetry with a conscious use of the dialect.

Life

His parents were the pastor Johan Storm (1712–1776) and his second wife Ingeborg Birgitte Røring (1718–1760). He remained unmarried. Storm was initially homeschooled. At the age of 13 he went to Latin school in Christiania in 1762 . In autumn 1765 he passed the "Examen artium". In the summer of 1766 he passed the final exam. With this he broke off his studies, probably for health reasons, and returned to Vågå. There he stayed for half a year for the next three years, with the exception of a private tutoring in Lesja . He taught two servants in the parsonage. In 1769 he continued his studies in Copenhagen at the theological faculty. He was not satisfied with his studies and did not take an exam. But Copenhagen became his new home and despite his homesickness he never saw Vågå again. But he stayed in correspondence with his two former students.

The first three years in Copenhagen he lived in Regensen , later in different places in the city. He held various positions as a teacher and was active in the circles of poets and intellectuals. His ethical ambitions brought him to "Selskabet for Efterslegten" (Society for the Descendants), where he pursued the goal of educating to become a good citizen. In 1786 he was one of the founders of the company. There he later got an apartment, became a teacher and from 1790 chief inspector of the society's secondary school. Greek was not taught, Latin only two hours a week, but new languages, natural sciences and history. Pure drumming and corporal punishment were frowned upon. The goal was character formation. The later poet Adam Oehlenschläger was one of his students there . Storm had many close relatives and good friends in Copenhagen who met in "Det norske Selskab". He was rarely there because, in his opinion, this society cared too much about the aesthetics and too little about the political and cultural structure of Norway. He especially disliked Johan Herman Wessel because of his parodies. He was a follower of the poet Johannes Ewald , to whom he dedicated his poem Ewald eller the gode Digter , but who was ridiculed by Wessel and his followers.

Storm worked out a word list with approximately 1,400 dialect words and explanations. His ties to his homeland are also expressed in his eight Dølavise , which deal with Vågå with its great nature and diverse life. They are among the first texts to be written in a Norwegian native dialect. Myths, nature and love were the common poetry motifs of his time. But there is a big difference between the standardized shepherd poems of the time and Storm's poetry. At the same time that Storm was writing his poem Skogmøte (Forest Encounter), Thomas De Stockfleth was composing his Hejmatkomsten (1772). With these two poets, homeland poetry reached a higher linguistic level. Storm wanted to be a Danish-Norwegian poet. In Adskilligt paa verse, he composed idyllic and lovely odes in keeping with the taste of the time . Only the first poem, the Ode til Jutulsbierget (Ode to the Jutulsberg), in which he sings about his hometown Vågå, has literary significance . He submitted the poem to a poetry competition organized by “Selskabet til de skjønne og nyttige Videnskabers Fremme” (Society for the Promotion of Beautiful and Useful Sciences). The given theme is characteristic of early Danish Romanticism: It should be “painting or descriptive poetry about a place in the Danish countries that is characterized by grace or horror or is linked to old legends.” The moralizing fables and stories are also typical of the time which he published in 1779 and 1781.

In Indfødsretten i fire Sange (citizenship in four chants), which was brought about by a royal decree of 1776, he wrote enthusiastically about political and human freedom and found many connections to praise Norway and Norwegian. For this he received 100 Rigsdaler annually from the King in 1778 and the same amount from the Hereditary Prince. Full power is zinc Lars Vise , where there about the destruction of a Scottish goes Company under Captain Robert Sinclair, in the Kalmar wars fought on the side of Sweden and on 26 August 1612 farmers from Gudbrandsdalen were attacked and almost completely destroyed. Here, too, he took the opportunity to praise his homeland. His poetic creation ended in 1785 and the teacher Storm came to the fore.

Storm suffered from dropsy, which he died of in 1794.

Works (selection)

  • Dølavisene (songs of the valley dwellers). The individual poems were printed at different times, together for the first time in 1832.
  • Bræger . A strange heroic poem. (In his native dialect; anonymous) 1774
  • Adskilligt paa verse (under the pseudonym Erland Siverssen), 1775
  • Indfødsretten in fire Sange . 1778
  • Fabler og Fortællinger i den Gellertske Smag , 1778
  • Zinklars Vise . (1781)
  • Original Fabler and Fortællinger . 1782
  • Ewald eller the god digter . In: Dansk Museum 1782, pp. 322–337
  • En national Vise om den Skotske Colonel Zinklars Indfald i Norge 1612 . In: Dansk Museum 1782, pp. 714–717.
  • Hellige Sange . (Free translation of German hymns). 1785
  • Samlede Digte . (There are no poems in his native dialect) 1785
  • Erast eller the bedragne Varsomhed . Comedy in five acts, 1791

literature

Notes and individual references

  1. ^ Didrik A. Seip: Norwegian language history . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1971, p. 417
  2. ^ F. Rønning: Storm, Edvard . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 16 : Skarpenberg – Sveistrup . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1902, p. 466 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  3. ↑ The "Examen artium" was the regular entrance examination for university, which required knowledge of Latin and Greek. So it corresponded to the Abitur, but was accepted by the university until 1883.
  4. ↑ The "Annenexamen" was an Examen philosophicum, an intermediate examination, the passing of which was a prerequisite for further studies for a state examination.
  5. ^ A b F. Rønning: Storm, Edvard . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 16 : Skarpenberg – Sveistrup . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1902, p. 467 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  6. ^ F. Rønning: Storm, Edvard . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 16 : Skarpenberg – Sveistrup . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1902, p. 470 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  7. ↑ a b c d F. Rønning: Storm, Edvard . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 16 : Skarpenberg – Sveistrup . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1902, p. 468 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  8. ↑ The ordinance of January 15, 1776 on citizenship rights was a reaction to the German regiment of Minister Johann Friedrich Struensee and stipulated that everyone who is to be given an office in the Danish Empire must be born within the Danish Empire.
  9. ^ F. Rønning: Storm, Edvard . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 16 : Skarpenberg – Sveistrup . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1902, p. 469 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  10. ^ Edvard Storm . In: Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen, Palle Raunkjær (ed.): Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon . 2nd Edition. tape  22 : Speculation – Søøre . JH Schultz Forlag, Copenhagen 1927, p. 387 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
personal data
SURNAME Storm, Edvard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Norwegian poet and educator
DATE OF BIRTH August 21, 1749
PLACE OF BIRTH Vågå
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1794
Place of death Copenhagen