Egelsee (Basel)
| Egelsee | ||
|---|---|---|
| Geographical location | Switzerland , Basel -stadt | |
| Places on the shore | Hagenbach'sche Bleiche from 1737 until demolition in 1970 | |
| Location close to the shore | Long alders , Riehen | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 613 335 / 268 918 | |
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The Egelsee lay in a north-easterly direction from the Swiss city of Basel . In the canton, which is now known as the Hirzbrunnen district and is located on the border with the Riehen agglomeration .
The Egelsee was never a lake that would have been suitable for swimming. Since it was a stagnant body of water of shallow depth, the name pond would have been correct.
history
The origin of the Egelsee could go back to the early 13th century . In order to encourage the settlement of businesses in the lower Basel, the construction of the Riehenteich started in 1225 . From the meadow to the Rhine , the water channel crossed wide meadows under the spell of the inferior Basel. So also a drill mat that had various hollows. After a flood in the meadow and thus also in the Riehenteich, the hollows filled up. The largest pond was given the name Egelsee because leeches and gnats gathered in it.
The name Egelsee was also adopted for an adjacent mat. This comes from a document that goes back to the year 1363. The Egelseematte is mentioned among the hospital goods .
The existence of the Egelsee is also documented. On July 16, 1456 one of them reads: Madame Ennelin Texslin, widow, assisted by her uncle, Master Oswald Stehelin, the armorer, Burger zu Basel, for whom you pledged through Heinrich Zschampo and from him to the Carthusians Schenkmatt sold to Klein Basel, located there "above the Usloss" opposite the Egelsee, to have been compensated by other goods and to have no more claims to them.
Another document attests: "On October 29, 1457, the St. Clara Monastery gave a mat in Klein Basel above the Egelsee to Hans Zuber Rebmann in Basel in hereditary series ".
The Egelsee was also referred to as a "forest pond". When and how, whether naturally or through planting, the forest around and in the lake has unfortunately not been recorded. However, it was probably created from the middle of the 15th century. On December 18, 1499, the existence of a “ wood in the Egelsee ” was first documented. As a result, the city council acquired several "pieces of wood under the spell of Minder Basel in the Egelsee". So on December 18, 1499, on February 15, 1500, on January 25, 1501 and on October 1, 1513. In old city maps this forest is called Egelseeholz or Egelseewald and covers an area of around 33,600 m².
On December 16, 1850, Mr. Richter-Lindner undertook to "correct the edge of the pond along the Egelsee wood and use it to erect a gable wall for the wheelhouse". The former Hagenbach'sche Bleiche was badly damaged by a major fire in 1845 . From 1850, Johann Jakob Richter-Linder ran a tape factory in the rebuilt buildings . The wheel house stands above the Riehenteich and is directly adjacent to the Egelsee wood .
Against the background of the Prussian threat to the Neuchâtel trade , from the end of 1856 to the beginning of 1857, from the confluence of the Birs into the Rhine, over the Egelseeholz and further towards Kleinhüningen, field fortifications and artillery jumps were built by the federal troops under General Dufour . According to the city map of Baader from 1838, with additions from 1857, a jump was built in the middle of the Egelsee wood .
Name changes
In 1820 a new name appears for the first time for the areas that have been known as Egelsee for a good 600 years . In the “Gescheidsregister” in Klein Basel, Section A, No. 19, listed under “Eglisee”: “Wald 11 Jucharten, 60 Ruten, 64 Schuh”. This is known as the «city good». The name “Eglisee” is also used in the “Hofer City Map of Basel Stadt” from 1820.
Obviously, one cannot agree on the new name straight away, because in 1845 the Egelsee mats are still mentioned in the “Kantons Blatt” .
On May 18, 1852, however, the "heirs of the widow Ryhiner-Faesch transferred the Eglisee Matten to Ruth and Heinrich Ryhiner". E. Schumacher's city map from 1878 also names the areas as “Egliseeholz” and “Egliseematten”. Why this name change was made to «Eglisee» is unknown. “Egli” is common for the river perch in Switzerland . This is caught in the Rhine and is seen on the menus with pleasure. A connection to the Egelsee is therefore difficult to find.
Drainage of the Eglisees
The "Eglisee" was drained around the middle of the 19th century. As a “local recreation area”, the “Egliseeholz” with its gnats and leeches was not very attractive. The pond was also rather a hindrance for forest use and maintenance.
Already on the Siegfried map of Basel-Stadt (1880) and on the map of Basel-Stadt from 1896 a hiking trail from the Riehenstrasse in a northerly direction to the Riehenteich, along it in a north-easterly direction to the Lange Erlen, is drawn. Shortly before the Riehenteich there is a junction to the west, lengthways through the «Egliseeholz», to the belt factory and further along the Riehenteich back to the city.
Changes in the Eglisee wood
In 1910, in front of the "Egliseeholz", construction began on the "Luft- und Sonnenbad Egliseeholz". For this system, some of the “Eglise wood” trees had to be removed.
The Fasanenstrasse, built around 1920, crosses the «Egliseeholz» roughly in the middle. Trees were felled again.
In 1930/31 the "Egliseeholz air and sun baths" were rebuilt and expanded. For the extension and the new sunbathing lawn, more than half of the “Eglise wood” had to be removed. Individual old trees could be integrated into the new system. When it reopened, the garden pool was given the name Eglisee .
The area of the former «Egliseeholz» shrank from around 33,600 m² to less than 13,000 m². In the 1960s, the forest area began to be enlarged again. The "Egliseematten" to the east of the "Egliseeholz" have been reforested. Today (2015) the forest area is even larger than in 1910.
References and comments
- ↑ A body of water without a drain
- ↑ “less” means “small” - that is, in little Basel
- ↑ Basel Buildings Riehenteich. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ↑ A mat is a meadow that is mowed. A pasture is not mowed
- ↑ Yumpu place names Egelsee. Pages 153-156. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ^ State archive Basel-Stadt , Spital-Güter. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ↑ Basel-Stadt State Archives , St. Clara Monastery. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ↑ Basel-Stadt State Archives , Hüßler siblings. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ↑ State Archives Basel-Stadt , Richter-Lindner. Retrieved August 5, 2015
- ↑ Before the former Riechemerthor , by Hansjörg Huck, page 7
- ^ Official journal of the Canton of Basel-Stadt
- ↑ the Egliseeweg
- ↑ the canal path