Annual Carrichtera
| Annual Carrichtera | ||||||||||||
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Annual Carrichtera ( Carrichtera annua ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Carrichtera | ||||||||||||
| DC. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Carrichtera annua | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) DC. |
The annual Carrichtera ( Carrichtera annua ) is the only species of the Carrichtera plant genus within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It is mainly found in the Mediterranean area .
description
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Vegetative characteristics
The annual Carrichtera is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters. It is more or less bristly hairy with ribbed stems and branched from the base.
Their fleshy leaves are one to two pinnately divided with narrow, blunt, usually whole sections.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period is between January and April. 10 to 20 flowers are loosely arranged in the terminal, racemose inflorescence .
The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The reddish green and upright calyx is bristly. The nailed petals are 6 to 8 millimeters long and whitish to yellowish with reddish nerves. The stamens are free.
The pods, which are up to 6 to 7.5 millimeters long , protrude or bend back at the fruiting time, they are two-part. The lower, slightly shorter, ribbed, veiny part is ellipsoidal, bristly and contains four to six seeds. The upper, bald and spoon-shaped (wing, beak ) part is sterile and seedless. The red-brownish, slightly flattened seeds are approximately rounded to elliptical and almost smooth with a diameter of 1.1 to 1.5 millimeters.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
ecology
The seeds with a Myxotesta are spread by rain , the "fruit beak " acts as a lever to open the fruit. The seeds adhere, then stick to the ground with the layer of mucus (sticky seeds).
Occurrence
Carrichtera annua is originally in Spain , the Balearic Islands , Italy , Sardinia , Sicily , Greece , Crete , Cyprus , Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia, Libya , Egypt, the Sinai Peninsula , Israel , Jordan , Syria , in Lebanon , Iraq , Iran , Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In California, Australia and the Canary Islands , Carrichtera annua is a neophyte . It usually thrives on dry fallow land .
Taxonomy
The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Vella annua by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , page 641. The new combination to Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. was published in 1821 by Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle in Mémoires du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle , Volume 7, 1, page 250 by placing this species in the genus Carrichtera which he newly established. Synonyms for Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. are: Carrichtera vellae DC. , Carrichtera vellaea DC.
The generic name Carrichtera honors Bartholomäus Carrichter (von Rekingen) (1510–1567), a Swiss doctor and astrologer. Among other things, he had written a book of herbs with the title Horn des heyls Menschlicher Stulligkeit. Or Kreutterbuch in it, describing the herbs of the Teutschenland outside the light of nature, according to the right kind of the heavenly influences. Strasbourg 1595.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 148.
- ↑ a b Vernon Hilton Heywood : Carrichtera DC. P. 412 f. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al: Flora Europaea , 2nd edition, Volume 1, Cambridge University Press 1992, ISBN 0-521-41007-X . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Ward's weed at PaDIL, Pests and Diseases Image Library.
- ↑ Carrichtera annua at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- ↑ Abraham H. Halevy: Handbook of Flowering. Volume VI, CRC Press, 1989, 2018, ISBN 978-1-315-89348-8 , p. 160.
- ↑ a b Carrichtera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
- ↑ a b Carrichtera annua at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 3, 2020.
- ↑ Karol Marhold, 2011: Brassicaceae. : Data sheet Carrichtera annua In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 , doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
Web links
- Carrichtera annua in the Flora of North America, Vol. 7.