Cruciferous vegetables

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Cruciferous vegetables
Garden mustard (Eruca sativa)

Garden mustard ( Eruca sativa )

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables
Scientific name
Brassicaceae
Burnett

The cruciferous (Brassicaceae or Cruciferae), also known as the cruciferous family , are a family of plants in the order of the cruciferous (Brassicales). The family contains around 336 to 419 genera with around 3,000 to 4,130 species worldwide. It is of great economic importance due to many cultivated plants.

Some wild plants such as thale cress , shepherd's purse herb , arable hellerkraut are known to many and are not popular as " weeds ".

use

The cruciferous family includes many important crops. This includes cultivated forms of vegetable cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) developed by humans , such as white cabbage , red cabbage , broccoli , cauliflower , Brussels sprouts and kohlrabi . Black mustard ( Brassica nigra ), Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea ), pak choi , Chinese cabbage ( Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis ), white beet ( Brassica rapa subsp. Rapa ), turnip ( Brassica napus subsp. Rapifera ), turnip ( Brassica rapa subsp . oleifera ) and rapeseed ( Brassica napus subsp. napus ) also belong to the genus Brassica . Radish and radishes are members of the genus Raphanus . Also known are white mustard ( Sinapis alba ), horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana ), also called horseradish , watercress and wasabi ( Eutrema japonicum ). Some genera contain crops that are oil suppliers and aromatic plants or are eaten as vegetables and salads.

Some species in this family are also grown as green and dry fodder. Some species are used for green manure .

The family also contains some well-known ornamental plants such as gold lacquer , blue cushions , night violes , levk beds and dyer's plants such as woad .

description

Illustration of Barbarea stricta

Appearance and leaves

The species in this family mostly grow as annual , biennial and perennial herbaceous plants . Only a few species lignify and grow as shrubs ( Alyssum spinosum or the South African Heliophila glauca ); Heliophila scandens forms lianas .

The leaves, which are usually alternate and spirally arranged in a basal rosette of leaves or distributed on the stem, are undivided or compound. The leaves are not infrequently hairy with bristles. The shape and density of the unicellular hair ( trichome ) are important determinants; they are unbranched or have an abundance of different types of branching. The leaf base has auricles or is around the stem. Stipules are missing.

Inflorescences and flowers

The racemose or double-raced, rarely truss-gold inflorescence usually contains no bracts .

Flowering diagram of Brassica

The hermaphrodite flowers are four-fold and, due to the unequal stamens, are asymmetrical . The name of the cruciferous family is derived from the arrangement of the four petals of the flower. They are in the shape of a cross, with one of the petals often being slightly larger than the other three. The four free sepals are arranged in two circles. There are usually four free petals available. Only very few species lack this trait of fourfold: Most of the flowers, especially in these species, are slightly zygomorphic and arranged in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence in such a way that it takes on the function of a pseudanthium . This is the case with Iberis , for example .

Another important distinguishing feature of cruciferous vegetables are the two circles with a total of six stamens . The outer circle consists of only two short stamens, the inner circle of four long stamens. The upper ovary is probably formed from four carpels : two fertile and two sterile. A “false partition” is formed, which remains with the ripe fruit; This partition is particularly beautiful to see on the silver leaf ( Lunaria rediviva ). The sterile carpels fall off when the fruit is fully ripe. The style is more or less reduced and ends in a scar or two. Pollination occurs mostly by insects ( entomophilia ) or rarely by the wind ( anemophilia ).

The flower formula is: Dissymmetrical.png

Fruits and seeds

The fruits are pods called if they are at least three times as long as wide, or silicles if they are stockier. In some taxa, pods that disintegrate into single-seeded partial fruits or that remain closed, single-seeded nut pods are formed. The inflorescence and seed formation often overlap in time: while seeds are already being formed below, the upper part of the inflorescence is still in bloom.

The seeds, which contain much to no endosperm depending on the species, are small to medium-sized; for example in Matthiola and Isatis they have wings. The embryo is well differentiated.

ingredients

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

There are so-called myrosin cells that contain the enzyme myrosinase , which is a thioglucosidase , and mustard oil glycosides (glucosinolates). The cleavage of the mustard oil glycosides produces mustard oils (alkyl isothiocyanates), rhodanides (thiocyanates), nitriles and goitrines (oxazolidinthiones).

The cabbage-like smell and taste caused by mustard oil glycosides are typical.

Another special feature is that well-known crops such as cabbage, broccoli and rape, possibly all cruciferous vegetables release bromomethane into the environment as a gas and thus make a significant contribution to the overall emission of this poison. It remains to be clarified whether this is just a defense or a signal substance. Around 15% of global emissions of bromomethane are said to be attributable to this plant family.

The fatty oil of the rapeseed plant is used to produce biofuels and (like mustard oil ) as edible fat.

Family development history

The first species that can be assigned to this family originated around 37 million years ago in a warm and humid climate . The largest adaptive radiation within the family occurred in the Oligocene , while it was getting cooler. Doubling the genome improved the conditions for adapting to such climate change.

Systematics and distribution

Cruciferous vegetables can be found worldwide from the permafrost zone to the tropics (cosmopolitans). They have their main distribution center in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere and here again in the Mediterranean countries and in Southwest and Central Asia . 102 genera with 412 species are native to China, 115 of which are only found there.

The family name Cruciferae was published in 1789 by Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu in Genera Plantarum , page 237. The surname Brassicaceae was introduced by Gilbert Thomas Burnett in Outlines of Botany , pages 854, 1093 and 1123 in 1835 . Type genus is ( Brassica L. ). Synonyms for Brassicaceae Burnett are: Cruciferae Juss. , nom. cons., Raphanaceae Horan. , Stanleyaceae Nutt. and Thlaspiaceae Martinov . Most closely related are the families cleomaceae and capparaceae (Capparidaceae).

Tribus Aethionemeae: inflorescences of Aethionema grandiflorum
Tribus Alysseae: inflorescences and infructescence of the gray cress ( Berteroa incana )
Tribe Alysseae: habitus of Degenia velebitica
Tribe Alysseae: umbrella-shaped inflorescence of Fibigia clypeata
Tribe Alysseae: habit, leaves and inflorescences of Galitzkya spathulata
Tribe Alysseae: Habitus of Hormathophylla spinosa
Anastaticeae tribe: Malcolmia africana
Anastaticeae tribe: Maresia pulchella
Tribe Anchonieae: inflorescence of Anchonium billardierei
Tribus Anchonieae: Strand-Levkoje ( Matthiola sinuata )
Tribus Arabideae: Alpine rockcress ( Arabis alpina )
Tribus Biscutelleae: flowers and fruits of Biscutella vicentina
Tribus Biscutelleae: Perennial silver leaf ( Lunaria rediviva )
Tribus Biscutelleae: Ricotia lunaria
Tribus Boechereae: pods of Boechera holboellii
Tribus Boechereae: habit and inflorescences of Phoenicaulis cheiranthoides
Tribus Boechereae: Polyctenium Fremontii var. Fremontii
Tribus Brassiceae: common sea kale ( Crambe maritima )
Tribus Brassiceae: Moricandia nitens
Tribus Brassiceae: four-fold flowers of the garden radish ( Raphanus sativus )
Tribus Brassiceae: Sinapidendron angustifolium
Tribus Brassiceae: inflorescence of white mustard ( Sinapis alba )
Tribus Brassiceae: Field mustard ( Sinapis arvensis )
Tribus Brassiceae: Vella bourgaeana
Tribus Buniadeae: Oriental serrated pods ( Bunias orientalis )
Tribus Camelineae: inflorescence of thale cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana )
Tribus Camelineae: inflorescence of towerwort ( Turritis glabra )
Tribus Cardamineae: true barbara herb ( Barbarea vulgaris )
Tribe Cardamineae: Leavenworthia stylosa flower
Tribus Chorisporeae: Chorispora tenella
Tribe Cochlearieae: Cochlearia groenlandica
Tribus Conringieae: inflorescence and leaves of the oriental field cabbage ( Conringia orientalis )
Tribe Descurainieae: Descurainia bourgaeana
Tribe Erysimeae: Erysimum witmannii
Tribe Eutremeae: habit and inflorescence of Eutrema tenue
Tribus Heliophileae: section of an inflorescence, flower with four blue petals of Heliophila africana
Tribe: Hesperideae: Hesperis matronalis
Tribus Iberideae: inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers of Iberis umbellata
Tribus Isatideae: Woad ( Isatis tinctoria )

In the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae) there are about 336 (up to 419) genera with 3000 to 4130 species (the largest number of genera and species is listed by Judd et al. 1999).

The family is divided into about (25 to) 44 tribes , here the breakdown according to Marcus Koch & Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz 2009 and Suzanne I. Warwick, Klaus Mummenhoff, CA Sauder, MA Koch & Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, 2010:

  • Tribe Alysseae DC. : It contains (previously 14 to 18) since 2015 about 24 genera with 260 to over 281 species:
    • Acuston Raf. (Syn .: Pevalekia Trinajstic ): It contains only one species:
    • Alyssoides Mill. (Syn .: Cistocarpium Spach , Vesicaria Adans. ): It contains only one species:
    • Alyssum ( Alyssum L. , syn .: Gamosepalum Hausskn. , Psilonema C.A.Mey. ): Since 2015 it contains only about 114 species.
    • Aurinia Desv. (Syn .: Anodontea (DC.) Sweet ): The approximately 7 and earlier up to 13 species are common in Eurasia.
    • Gray cress ( Berteroa DC. , Syn .: Myopteron Spreng. ): It contains about five species.
    • Bornmuellera Hausskn. (Syn .: Leptoplax O.E.Schulz , Physocardamum Hedge ): The about nine species occur in Albania, in Greece, Serbia and Turkey.
    • Brachypus Ledeb. : It contains only one type:
    • Clastopus Bunge ex Boiss. (Syn .: Straussiella Hauskn. ): The only two types occur in Iran, Iraq and Turkey.
    • Tortoiseshell ( Clypeola L. ): The nine or so species are widespread from Europe to North Africa and West Asia and the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia and Pakistan . Including:
    • Cuprella Salmerón-Sánchez, Mota & Fuertes : It was established in 2015 and contains only two types. One species is endemic to Morocco and the other is distributed from Egypt via Israel , Jordan , Syria , Saudi Arabia , Kuwait , Iraq to Iran and Pakistan.
    • Degenia Hayek : It contains only one species:
    • Fibigia medic. : The three or so species are found in Italy, Serbia, Bulgaria, Albania, North Macedonia, Greece, Cyprus, Armenia , Azerbaijan, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon , Syria, Afghanistan , Ukraine and in Turkey.
    • Galitzkya V.V.Botschantz. : The only three species are distributed from Russia via Kazakhstan and southwestern Mongolia to northwestern China .
    • Hormathophylla Cullen & TRDudley (Syn .: Nevadensia Rivas Mart. ): Since 2015 there have been around eleven species that occur in Italy, France, Spain, Algeria and Morocco.
    • Irania Hadač & Chrtek : The five or so species occur in Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan.
    • Lepidotrichum Velen. & Bornm. : It contains only one type:
    • Lutzia Gand. : It contains only one type:
    • Meniocus Desv. : It contains about seven species. There are localities for Spain, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, North Macedonia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia, China, Iran, Iraq, Algeria, Morocco, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan , Afghanistan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Syria, Turkmenistan and Turkey. One species in Australia is a neophyte.
    • Odontarrhena C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb. (Syn .: Triplopetalum Nyár. ): It contains about 87 species since 2015. They thrive primarily in mountainous regions of the Paleoarctic (with a species native to northwestern North America). The center of diversity is in the Mediterranean, the Balkans and Southwest Asia.
    • Phyllolepidum Trinajstić : Since 2011 it has contained around two species that occur in Italy, Albania, Greece, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey.
    • Physoptychis Boiss. : The only two species occur in eastern Turkey and northwestern Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iraq.
    • Pterygostemon V.V.Botschantz. (Syn .: Asterotricha V.V.Botschantz. Non Kuntze nec Astrotricha DC. ): It contains only one species:
    • Resetnikia Španiel, Al-Shehbaz, DAGerman & Marhold : It was set up in 2015 and contains only one species:
      • Resetnikia triquetra (DC.) Španiel, Al-Shehbaz, DAGerman & Marhold (Syn .: Farsetia triquetra DC. ): This endemic occurs only on the Croatian Adriatic coast.
    • Takhtajaniella V.E. Avet. : It contains only one type:
  • Tribe Alyssopsideae: It contains only four genera:
    • Alyssopsis Boiss. : The roughly two species are distributed between Iran and Central Asia.
    • Calymmatium O.E.Schulz (Syn .: Nasturtiicarpa Gilli ): The only two species are widespread in Central Asia.
    • Dielsiocharis O.E. Schulz : The only two species occur in Iran and Tajikistan.
    • Olimarabidopsis Al-Shehbaz, O'Kane & RAPrice : The approximately three species occur in Eastern Europe, Southwest and Central Asia.
  • Tribe Anastaticeae DC. (Syn .: Malcolmieae Al-Shehbaz & Warwick ): The main distribution area is the Mediterranean. It contains about eight genera with about 37 species:
  • Tribe Anchonieae DC. : It contains eight to ten genera with over 70 species:
    • Anchonium DC. : The only one or two species occur in western Asia and Central Asia.
    • Eremoblastus Botsch. : It contains only one type:
    • Iskandera N.Busch : The only two species occur in Central Asia.
    • Wallflowers ( Matthiola W.T.Aiton , Syn .: mathiola W.T.Aiton , Lonchophora Durieu , Mathiolaria Chevall. , Pirazzia Chiov. ): The approximately 50 species occur naturally in Eurasia , North and East Africa before and in the Canary Islands.
    • Microstigma Trautv. : It contains about three types; they occur in Siberia, Mongolia and China.
    • Oreoloma botsch . : It contains about three species that are native to China.
    • Petiniotia J.Léonard (also referred to as Sterigmostemum ): It contains only one species:
    • Sterigmostemum M.Bieb. : The eight or so species occur from southwest Asia to Central Asia and with one species also in Europe.
    • Synstemon Botsch. : The only two species are native to China.
    • Zerdana Boiss. : It contains only one type:
  • Tribe Arabideae DC. : It contains 8 to 17 genera and over 470 species in Eurasia, Africa, North and South America:
    • Abdra Greene : It only contains two types.
    • Acirostrum Y.Z.Zhao : Established in 2012 and contains only one species:
    • Goosecress ( Arabis L. , Syn .: Abasicarpon (Andrz. Ex Rchb.) Rchb. , Arabidium Spach , Arabisa Rchb. , Dollineria Saut. , Lomaspora (DC.) Steud. , Turrita Wallr. , Turritis Wallr. Non L. ) : It contains 70 to 100 species.
    • Arcyosperma O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Athysanus Greene (Syn .: Heterodraba (MEJones) Greene ): The only two species are common in western North America.
    • Blue pillow ( Aubrieta Adans. ): The 15 to 21 species are distributed from southern Europe to Iran.
    • Baimashania Al-Shehbaz : It was set up in 2000. The only two species occur in China, one species only thrives at altitudes of about 4100 meters in Qinghai and the other is endemic at altitudes of 4200 to 4600 meters in Dêqên Xian, Baima Shan in northwestern Yunnan.
    • Botschantzevia Nabiev : It contains only one species:
    • Dendroarabis ( CAMeyer ) DAGerman & Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one species:
    • Rock flowers ( Draba L. , Syn .: Coelonema Maxim. , Dolichostylis Turcz. Non Cass. , Drabella Nábělek non (DC.) Fourr. , Drabopsis K. Koch , Erophila DC. , Holargidium Turcz. Ex Ledeb. , Leptonema Hook. , Nesodraba Greene , Odontocyclus Turcz. , Pseudobraya Korsh. , Schivereckia Andrz. Ex DC. , Stenonema Hook. , Thylacodraba ( Nábelek ) OESchulz ): The extent of this genus has been discussed controversially. With about 370 to 402 species, it is the most species-rich genus of the Brassicaceae family.
    • Drabella (DC.) Fourr. non Nábělek : It contains only one species:
    • Pachyneurum Bunge : It contains only one type:
    • Parryodes Jafri : It contains only one species:
    • Pseudodraba Al-Shehbaz, DAGerman & M.Koch : It was set up in 2011 and contains only one species:
    • Scapiarabis M. Koch et al. : It was established in 2011 and contains about four species.
    • Sinoarabis R.Karl, DAGerman, M.Koch & Al-Shehbaz : It was established in 2012 and contains only one species:
    • Tomostima (Raf.) OESchulz : It contains about six species.
  • Tribe Asteae: It contains only one genus:
    • Asta Klotzsch ex OESchulz : The only two species occur in Mexico.
  • Tribe Biscutelleae Dum. (Syn .: Tribus Lunarieae Dum. ): It contains about four genera since 2015/2018:
    • Spectacle pods ( Biscutella L. , Syn .: Jondraba Medik. ): The approximately 53 species are common in southern and central Europe with the Mediterranean region.
    • Silver leaves ( Lunaria L. ): There are only three species, they are native to Europe, but occur as neophytes in some parts of the world (for example North and South America).
    • Megadenia Maxim. : It contains only one type:
    • Ricotia L .: The nine or so species occur in the eastern Mediterranean. Including:
  • Tribus Boechereae Al-Shehbaz , Beilstein & EAKellogg : Apart from one Siberian species, they only occur in North America with seven or eight genera and around 118 species:
    • Anelsonia J.F. Macbr . & Payson : It contains only one type:
      • Anelsonia eurycarpa ( A.Gray ) JFMacbr. & Payson (Syn .: Draba eurycarpa A.Gray , Phoenicaulis eurycarpa ( A.Gray ) Abrams ): It thrives at altitudes between 1,600 and 4,000 meters in California, Idaho and Nevada.
    • Boechera Á.Löve & D.Löve (these species were previously incorporated into Arabis L. including Borodinia N.Busch ): with around 111 species in North America to northern Mexico and one species in Siberia .
    • Cusickiella Rollins : with only two species in the western US.
    • Nevada N.H. Holmgren : It contains only one species:
      • Nevada holmgrenii ( Rollins ) NHHolmgren : It thrives on rocks at altitudes between 1900 and 3500 meters only in central Nevada (in Humboldt, Lander, Nye, Pershing and White Pine counties).
    • Phoenicaulis Nutt. : It contains only one type:
    • Polyctenium Greene : It contains only one species:
    • Sandbergia Greene : The only two species are native to northwestern North America.
  • Tribus Brassiceae DC. : The approximately 48 genera and over 240 species are summarized in seven subtribes:
    • Ammosperma Hook. f. : The home of about two species is in northern Africa.
    • Cabbage ( Brassica L. ): The original distribution area of ​​the approximately 37 species extends from the Macaronesian islands across Europe, Africa with north, east and south Africa as well as Western Asia to Central Asia.
    • Sea mustard ( Cakile Mill. ): The home of about seven species is on the Macaronesian Islands, in Europe, North Africa, West Asia and in North and Central America to the Caribbean.
    • Carrichtera DC. : It contains only one type:
    • Ceratocnemum Coss. & Balansa : It contains only one species:
    • Chalcanthus Boiss. : It contains only one type:
    • Lacquer mustard ( Coincya Rouy , Syn .: Brassicella Fourr. Ex OESchulz , Hutera Porta , Rhynchosinapis Hayek ): The six or so species are native to northern Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, western Europe and Central Europe; for example with:
    • Conringia Heist. ex Fabr. , (Syn .: Goniolobium Beck ): The six or so species are naturally distributed from northern Africa across Europe, western and central Asia to western Tibet and Mongolia; for example with:
    • Cordylocarpus Desf. : It contains only one type:
    • Sea kale ( Crambe L. ): up to 40 species have their original distribution from the Macaronesian islands across north-western and eastern Africa as well as in Europe, the Middle East, the Caucasus region to western Siberia; in addition from Pakistan and India as well as Central Asia to western Tibet.
    • Crambella Maire : it contains only one species:
    • Didesmus Desv. : The two species are native to northern Africa and the southeastern European Aegean region.
    • Double seeds ( Diplotaxis DC. ): The 30 or so species come naturally from the Macaronesian islands across northern and eastern Africa, southern Europe, western and central Europe to southeastern Europe and from western Asia via Pakistan and Afghanistan to Nepal in Himalayan area before.
    • Douepea Cambess. , (Syn .: Dolichorhynchus Hedge & Kit Tan ): The two species are native to northwestern Saudi Arabia, western Pakistan and northwestern India.
    • Enarthrocarpus Labill. : The approximately five species are distributed in North Africa, in the south-eastern European Aegean region, in Anatolia and in the Middle East.
    • Eremophyton Bég. : It contains only one type:
    • Eruca Mill .: It contains only one species (or sometimes up to four species):
      • Senfrauke ( Eruca vesicaria ( L. ) Cav. ): It is native to the Macaronesian islands, northern Africa, southern to southeastern Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia.
    • Erucaria Gaertn. (Syn .: Hussonia Boiss. ): The ten or so species are native to northern, eastern and southern Africa, the Aegean region, the Arabian Peninsula and western Asia to Central Asia.
    • Hundsrauken ( Erucastrum C. Presl ): Approximately 25 species are native to Macaronesia, Europe, northern, eastern and southern Africa and the Middle East.
    • Fezia Pit. : It contains only one type:
    • Foleyola Maire : It contains only one species:
    • Fortuynia Shuttlew. ex Boiss. : The two species are native to Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
    • Guiraoa Coss. : It contains only one type:
    • Hemicrambe Webb (Syn. Fabrisinapis C.C. Towns . , Nesocrambe A.G.Mill. ): The three or so species are native to Morocco and the Yemeni island group of Socotra.
    • Henophyton Coss. & Durieu (Syn .: Henonia Coss. & Durieu ): The home of about two species is in northern Africa.
    • Hirschfeldia ( Moench ) C. Presl : It contains only one species:
      • Grausenf ( Hirschfeldia incana ( L. ) Lagr.-Foss. ): The range extends from North Africa through southern Europe to western Asia.
    • Horwoodia Turrill : It contains only one species:
    • Kremeriella Maire : It contains only one species:
    • Moricandia DC. , (Syn .: Oudneya R.Br. ): The eight or so species are distributed from northern Africa through southern Europe, western Asia, the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula to southwestern Pakistan.
    • Morisia J.Gay : It contains only one species:
    • Muricaria Desv. : It contains only one type:
    • Nasturtiopsis Boiss. : Only one or two species occur from North Africa to Israel.
    • Orychophragmus Bunge : The two or so species are native to China; including, for example:
    • Otocarpus Durieu : It contains only one species:
    • Physorhynchus Hook. : The home of about two species is on the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
    • Pseuderucaria ( Boiss. ) OESchulz : The roughly two species are native to northern and western Africa and the Middle East.
    • Pseudofortuynia Hedge (Syn .: Gynophorea Gilli ): It contains only one species:
    • Psychine Desf. : It contains only one type:
    • Quezeliantha H.Scholz ex Rauschert : It contains only one species:
    • Raffenaldia Godr. , (Syn .: Cossonia Durieu ): The homeland of the two species is in northwestern Africa.
    • Radishes ( Raphanus L. ): The approximately three species have their natural distribution in northern Africa, Europe and Western Asia to Pakistan.
    • Rapeseed yolk ( Rapistrum Crantz ): The roughly two species are native from northern Africa via southern Europe, central Europe and southern Eastern Europe and from the Middle East to Central Asia. This includes:
    • Rytidocarpus Coss. (Syn .: Distomocarpus O.E.Schulz ): It contains only one type:
    • Savignya DC. : It contains only one type:
      • Savignya parviflora ( Delile ) Webb : It is native to northwestern Africa, the Middle East to Pakistan and the Arabian Peninsula.
    • Schouwia DC. : It contains only one type:
    • Sinapidendron Lowe : The five or so species occur only on Madeira . All species are on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species.
    • Mustard ( Sinapis L. ): The five or so species are naturally widespread in northern Africa, Europe and the Middle East.
    • Succowia medic. (Basionym: Bunias balearica L. ): It contains only one species:
    • Trachystoma O.E.Schulz (Syn .: Pantorrhynchus Murb. ): The about three species are only found in Morocco.
    • Vella L. (Syn .: Boleum Desv. , Euzomodendron Coss. , Pseudocytisus Kuntze ): It occurs in Spain, Morocco and Algeria.
    • Zilla Forssk. : The roughly two species occur in northern and western Africa, the Middle East and on the Arabian Peninsula.
  • Tribe Buniadeae DC. : It contains only one genus:
    • Zackenschötchen ( Bunias L. , Syn .: Erucago Mill. ): It contains about three species in Eurasia and North Africa; including, for example:
  • Tribe Calepineae Horan. : It contains about three genera with about eight to nine species in Eurasia and North Africa:
    • Calepina Adans. : It contains only one type:
      • Wendich ( Calepina irregularis ( Asso ) Thell. ): The original distribution ranges from North Africa, southern and south-eastern Europe, Central Europe and West Asia to the Caucasus region.
    • Goldbachia DC. : The roughly six species are native to eastern Europe, the Caucasus region, southwest Asia and Central Asia.
    • Spirorhynchus Kar. & Kir. (Syn .: Anguillicarpus Burkill ): It contains only one species:
  • Tribus Camelineae DC. : Since 2012 it contains about 14 genera:
    • Foam cress ( Arabidopsis Heynh. , Syn .: Cardaminopsis ( CAMeyer ) Hayek ): According to German & Al-Shehbaz 2008 and Flora of North America 2010, it contains about ten species in Europe, North Asia, East Asia and North America.
    • Ballantinia Hook. f. ex EAShaw : it contains only one species:
    • Camelina ( Camelina Crantz ): The eight species in southern Europe, northern Africa and southwest to eastern Asia is home. In North America, South America, and Australia, individual species are neophytes. This belongs here:
    • Shepherd's purse ( Capsella Medik. ): The three or so species originally native to Europe and southwest Asia. One species worldwide is a neophyte.
    • Catolobus ( CAMey. ) Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one species:
      • Catolobus pendula ( L. ) Al-Shehbaz (Syn .: Arabis pendula L. ): The home is in Eastern Europe, Siberia, Central Asia and East Asia.
    • Chrysochamela (Fenzl) Boiss. : The four or so species occur in Russia and the Middle East.
    • Crucihimalaya Al-Shehbaz , O'Kane & RAPrice (Syn .: Beringia R.A.Price , Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane ): The about nine species in Central Asia, the south-western Asia, the regions of the Himalayas, China, Russia and Mongolia home.
    • Neslia Desv. (Syn .: Vogelia Med. ): There is only one type (with some authors two types):
      • Finch seed ( Neslia paniculata ( L. ) Desv. , Syn .: Myagrum paniculatum L. ): It is widespread in North Africa and Eurasia.
    • Olimarabidopsis Al-Shehbaz , O'Kane & RAPrice : The three or so species are distributed in Eastern Europe, Southwest Asia, Central Asia and China.
    • Pachycladon Hook.f. (Syn .: Cheese Mania O.E.Schulz , Ischnocarpus O.E.Schulz ): The ten species are native to New Zealand.
    • Pseudoarabidopsis Al-Shehbaz , O'Kane & RAPrice : It contains only one species:
      • Pseudoarabidopsis toxophylla ( M.Bieb. ) Al-Shehbaz , O'Kane & RAPrice (Syn. Arabis toxophylla M.Bieb. ): The homeland is Afghanistan, western China, Kazakhstan and Russia.
    • Stenopetalum R.Br. ex DC. : The ten or so species are only native to Australia.
    • Transberingia Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane : It contains only one species:
    • Turritis L .: The only two species are widespread in North Africa, Eurasia and North America.
  • Tribe Cardamineae Dum. : It contains 12 to 17 genera with about 340 species:
    • Andrzeiowskia Rchb. : It contains only one type:
    • Aplanodes Marais : The two species are native to southern Africa.
    • Armoracia G. Gaertn. , B.Mey. & Scherb. : The two to three species are common in Eurasia, including, for example:
      • Horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana G.Gaertn. , B.Mey. & Scherb. )
    • Barbara Herbs ( Barbarea W.T. Aiton , Syn .: Campe Dulac ): The approximately 25 species occur naturally in Europe to southeast Asia, in North America and with two species in Australia.
    • Bivonaea DC. : It contains only one type:
      • Bivonaea lutea ( Biv. ) DC. : The home is the Italian islands of Sardinia, Sicily and its surrounding islands.
    • Foam herbs ( Cardamine L. , including Dentaria L. , Dracamine Nieuwl. , Heterocarpus Phil. , Iti Garn.-Jones & PNJohnson , Loxostemon Hook. F. & Thomson , Porphyrocodon Hook.f. ): The approximately 200 species are distributed almost worldwide .
    • Iodanthus ( Torr. & A. Gray ) Steud. : It contains only one type:
    • Leavenworthia Torr. : The eight or so species are common in the southern and southeastern United States.
    • Watercress ( Nasturtium W.T. Aiton ): The five or so species are naturally widespread in the northern hemisphere. In many areas of the world, however, they are neophytes.
    • Ornithocarpa Rose : The only two species occur in Mexico.
    • Planodes Greene : The only two types are common in North America.
    • Roripella ( Maire ) Greuter & Burdet (is sometimes listed in Rorippa Scop. ): It contains only one species:
    • Marsh cress ( Rorippa Scop. , Syn .: Trochiscus O.E. Schulz ): The approximately 86 species are distributed almost worldwide.
    • Selenia Nutt. : The approximately five species are distributed in the central and southwestern United States as well as in northeastern Mexico.
    • Sisymbrella Spach : The only two species occur in the Mediterranean area.
    • Awlenkress ( Subularia L. ): The only two species are common in North America, Europe and Africa.
  • Tribe Chorisporeae Ledeb. : with four to five genera and about 47 species:
    • Chorispora R.Br. ex DC. : The eleven or so species are distributed in Eurasia and North Africa.
    • Diptychocarpus Trautv. : It contains only one type:
    • Litvinovia Voronov : it contains only one species:
    • Parrya R.Br. (including Achoriphragma Soják , Neuroloma Andrz. ex DC. ): The 25 to 30 species are common in North America and Asia.
    • Pseudoclausia Popov (sometimes in Parrya ): The nine or so species are common in Central Asia.
  • Tribus Cochlearieae Buchenau : It contains only one genus:
    • Spoonweed ( Cochlearia L. , Syn .: Cochleariopsis Á.Löve & D.Löve , Glaucocochlearia (OESchulz) Pobed. , Ionopsidium Rchb. , Pseudosempervivum (Boiss.) Grossh. ): The approximately 21 species are in Eurasia, in northwestern Africa and common in northern North America.
  • Tribus Conringieae DAGerman & Al-Shehbaz : It contains only two genera and about nine species:
    • Conringia Heist. ex Fabr .: It contains about six types; they occur in the Mediterranean region and in Europe to Central Asia, including:
    • Zuvanda (F.Dvořák) Askerova : The only three species occur in southwest Asia.
  • Tribus Cremolobeae R.Br. : It contains only two genera:
    • Cremolobus DC. : The seven or so species thrive in the Andes.
    • Menonvillea DC. : The approximately 22 species occur in Argentina and Chile.
  • Tribus Descurainieae Al-Shehbaz, Beilstein & EAKellogg : It contains about six genera and about 60 species:
    • Descurainia Webb & Berthel. : It contains about 47 species, including:
    • Rock cress ( Hornungia Rchb. , Syn .: Hutchinsia W.T. Aiton , Hutchinsiella O.E.Schulz , Hymenolobus Nutt. , Microcardamum O.E.Schulz , Pritzelago Kuntze ): It contains only three species; they occur in Europe and the Mediterranean, among them:
    • Ianhedgea Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane : It contains only one species:
    • Robeschia Hochst. ex OESchulz : It contains only one species:
    • Trichotolinum O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Tropidocarpum Hook. (incl. Agallis Phil. and Twisselmannia Al-Shehbaz ): It contains about four species; they occur in California, Mexico and with one species also in Chile.
  • Tribus Dontostemoneae Al-Shehbaz & Warwick : It contains only three genera and about 28 species:
    • Clausia Korn.-Trotsky ex Hayek : The six or so species occur from Eastern Europe to Central Asia.
    • Dontostemon Andrz. ex CAMey. : The twelve or so species are found in China, Asian Russia and Mongolia.
    • Pseudoclausia Popov : The ten or so species are distributed in Central Asia.
  • Tribe Erysimeae Dum. : It contains only one genre:
    • Schöteriche ( Erysimum L. , Syn .: Acachmena H.P. Fuchs , Cheiranthus L. , Cheirinia Link , Cuspidaria (DC.) Besser , Dichroanthus Webb & Berthel. , Syrenia Andrz. Ex Besser , Zederbauera H.P. Fuchs ): Depending on the author 150 to 223 species are widespread in the northern hemisphere.
  • Tribus Euclidieae DC. : It contains about (13 to) 25 genera and about (115 to) 150 species in Eurasia, in eastern Africa and two genera in North America:
    • Atelanthera Hook. f. & Thomson : It contains only one type:
      • Atelanthera perpusilla Hook. f. & Thomson : It occurs in China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir and Tajikistan.
    • Braya Sternb. & Hoppe : The 6 to 17 species thrive in a circumpolar manner in the Holarctic in alpine, subarctic or temperate areas of Eurasia and North America; including:
      • Breitschötchen or pod cress ( Braya alpina Sternb. & Hoppe ); endemic to the Austrian and Italian Eastern Alps.
    • Catenulina Soják : It contains only one species:
    • Cryptospora Kar. & Kir. : The three or so species are common in Central Asia.
    • Cymatocarpus O.E.Schulz : The about three species occur from Transcaucasia to Central Asia.
    • Dichasianthus Ovcz. & Yunusov (sometimes in Neotorularia Hedge & J.Leonard ): It contains only one species:
    • Dilophia Thomson : There are about two species from Central Asia to western China.
    • Euclidium W.T.Aiton : it contains only one type:
      • Schnabelschötchen ( Euclidium syriacum (L.) R.Br. ): It occurs naturally from Eastern Europe to Central Asia and is a neophyte in Australia and North America.
    • Lachnoloma Bunge : It contains only one type:
    • Leiospora (CAMey.) ANVassiljeva : It contains about six species.
    • Lepidostemon Hook. f. & Thomson (Syn .: Chrysobraya H.Hara ): There are about five species in Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and China. There are three types in China, two of which are only there.
    • Leptaleum DC. : It contains only one type:
    • Neotorularia Hedge & J.Léonard : The approximately eleven species occur from the Mediterranean region to Central Asia and Afghanistan.
    • Octoceras Bunge : It contains only one type:
    • Phaeonychium O.E.Schulz (also to Solms-Laubachia provided): The about seven species are spread from Central Asia to the Himalayas.
    • Pycnoplinthopsis jafri : it contains only one species:
    • Pycnoplinthus O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Rhammatophyllum O.E.Schulz : The ten species are widespread in Central Asia.
    • Shangrilaia Al-Shehbaz et al. : It contains only one type:
    • Sisymbriopsis botsch. & Tzvelev : The five or so species occur in Tajikistan and China.
    • Solms-Laubachia Muschl. (Including Desideria Pamp. ): The approximately 9 to 26 species are common in Asia.
    • Spryginia Popov : It contains about seven species found in Central Asia.
    • Streptoloma Bunge : Only one or two species occur from Central Asia to Afghanistan, including:
    • Strigosella Boiss. (is also put to Malcolmia ): It contains about 23 species.
    • Tetracme Bunge : The ten or so species occur from the eastern Mediterranean region to Central Asia and Baluchistan.
  • Tribus Eudemeae Al-Shehbaz, Warwick, Mumm. & M.Koch s. str .: It was set up in 2010 and since 2016 contains eight to nine genera, whose species occur along the South American Andes from Colombia to southern Chile and Argentina:
    • Alshehbazia Salariato & Zuloaga : It was first described in 2015 and contains only one species:
    • Ash soniodoxa Gilg & Muschl. : Since 2016 it contains only about three species.
    • Brayopsis Gilg & Muschl. : Since 2013 there are about seven species in the Andes.
    • Dactylocardamum Al-Shehbaz : It contains about two types.
    • Delpinophytum Speg. : It contains only one type:
    • Eudema Humb. & Bonpl. (Syn .: Endemal Pritz. Orth. Var., Pycnobolus Willd. Ex OESchulz ): The four to seven species are common in South America.
    • Gongylis Theophr. ex Molinari & Sánchez Och. : It was set up in 2016 and contains only one species:
      • Gongylis peruviana (Al-Shehbaz, Navarro & A.Cano) Sánchez & Molinari (Syn .: Aschersoniodoxa peruviana Al-Shehbaz, Navarro & A.Cano ): This endemic occurs only in Peru, only in Lima.
    • Onuris Phil .: The five to seven species occur in South America.
    • Xerodraba Skottsb. (Syn .: Skottsbergianthus Boelcke , Skottsbergiella Boelcke ): It contains five to seven species.
  • Tribus Eutremeae Al-Shehbaz, Beilstein & EAKellogg : It only contains two genera:
    • Eutrema R.Br. (Syn .: Esquiroliella . H.Lév , Glaribraya H.Hara , Martin Ella . H.Lév , Neomartinella Pilg. , Platycraspedum O.E.Schulz , Taphrospermum C.A.Mey. , Thellungiella O.E.Schulz , Wasabia Matsum. ): The approximately 26 species are in the central and eastern Asia (Himalayas) and North America.
    • Pegaeophyton Hayek & Hand.-Mazz. : The six or so species occur in India, Kashmir, Pakistan, Sikkim, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar and China (four species).
  • Tribus Halimolobeae Al-Shehbaz, Beilstein & EAKellogg : It contains about five genera with about 39 species only in the New World, with development centers in the Andes and in northern to central Mexico: Salariato et al. In 2020 another monotypical genre was added.
    • Exhalimolobos Al-Shehbaz & CDBailey : It contains about nine species; they occur from Mexico to South America.
    • Halimolobos Exchange : The eight or so species occur in the southern United States.
    • Mancoa Wedd. (Syn .: Hartwegiella O.E.Schulz , Poliophyton O.E.Schulz ): The eight species are used in Neotropics.
    • Petroravenia Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one species:
    • Pennellia Nieuwl. : The ten or so species are found in the New World.
    • Sphaerocardamum S. Schauer : The four or so species occur only in Mexico.
  • Tribe Heliophileae DC. (Al-Shehbaz et al. 2006): It only contains the genus:
  • Tribe Hesperideae Prantl : It contains only one or two genera:
    • Night violets ( Hesperis L. , Syn .: Diplopilosa F.Dvorák , Micrantha F.Dvorák , Tchihatchewia Boiss. ): The approximately 46 species are common in Eurasia .
  • Tribus Iberideae Webb & Berthel. : It contains only two genera and about 30 species in Eurasia and Africa:
    • Candytuft ( Iberis L. ): The approximately 27 species are common in Europe, Asia Minor and North Africa.
    • Teesdalia ( Teesdalia W.T.Aiton , Syn .: Folis Dulac , Guepinia Bastard , Teesdaliopsis (Willk) Rothm.. ): The about three species in Europe, located in the Middle East and Africa. In many parts of the world they are neophytes.
  • Tribe Isatideae DC. : It contains about two to nine genera and over 65 species:
    • Boreava Jaub. & Spach : It contains only one type:
    • Chartoloma Bunge : It contains only one type:
    • Glastaria Boiss. : It contains only one type:
    • Waid ( Isatis L. ): The approximately 64 species occur from Europe and the Mediterranean area to Central Asia.
    • Myagrum L .: It contains only one species:
      • Hollow yolk ( Myagrum perfoliatum L. ): It is widespread from Europe and the Mediterranean region to India and is a neophyte in Australia.
    • Pachypterygium Bunge : The approximately three species occur from Central Asia to Iran and Afghanistan.
    • Sameraria Desv. : The approximately nine species distributed from southwest Asia to Central Asia and Afghanistan.
    • Schimpera Hochst. & Steud. ex Endl. : It contains only one type:
    • Tauscheria fish. ex DC. : It contains only one type:
Tribe Lepidieae: Lepidium Fremdontii
Tribe Megacarpaeeae: Illustration of Megacarpaea polyandra
Tribus Microlepidieae: Drabastrum alpestre
Tribus Noccaeeae: Hellerkraut surrounding the stem ( Microthlaspi perfoliatum )
Tribus Noccaeeae: Noccaea praecox
Tribe: Physarieae: Dithyrea californica
Tribus Sisymbrieae: Stiff rocket ( Sisymbrium strictissimum )
Tribus Smelowskieae: Smelowskia calycina
Tribe Stevenieae: Stevenia cheiranthoides
Tribus Thelypodieae: inflorescences of Stanleya pinnata
Tribe Thelypodieae: Thelypodium integrifolium subsp. affine
Tribus Thelypodieae: inflorescence of Warea amplexifolia
Tribe Thlaspideae: Pachyphragma macrophyllum
  • Tribe Lepidieae DC. : It contains about four to six genera and over 230 species:
    • Acanthocardamum Thell. : It contains only one type:
    • Cyphocardamum Hedge : It contains only one species:
    • Cresses ( Lepidium L. ) (including arrow cress ( Cardaria Desv. ) And crow's foot ( Coronopus Zinn ), Hymenophysa C.A.Mey. , Lepicochlea Rojas Acosta , Nasturtiastrum (Gren. & Godr.) Gillet & Magne , Neolepia W.A.Weber , Papuzilla Ridl. , Physolepidion Schrenk , Semetum Raf. , Sprengeria Greene , Stroganowia Kar. & Kir. ): Today with over 200 species.
    • Lithodraba Boelcke : It contains only one species:
    • Stubendorffia Schrenk ex Fisch. et al. : The eight or so species occur in Central Asia and Afghanistan.
    • Winklera rule (Syn .: Uranodactylus Gilli ): The only three species are common in southwest Asia to Central Asia.
  • Tribus Megacarpaeeae Kamelin ex DAGerman : It contains only two genera that are mainly found in Central Asia:
    • Megacarpaea DC. : It contains about nine species; they occur from Europe to Central Asia, China and the Himalayas.
    • Pugionium Gaertn. : The only three types occur in China (two types), Mongolia and neighboring Russia.
  • Tribus Microlepidieae Al-Shehbaz, Warwick, Mummenhoff & MAKoch : It was set up in 2010 with only two genera. Since Heenan et al. 2012 about 16 genera with about 56 species:
    • Arabi Della ( F.Muell. ) OESchulz (Syn .: Lemphoria O.E.Schulz , Micromystria O.E.Schulz , Pseudarabidella O.E.Schulz ): The about seven species are widespread in Australia.
    • Ballantinia Hook. f. ex EAShaw. : It contains only one type:
    • Blennodia R.Br. : The only two species occur in the Australian states of New South Wales, Queensland, Northern Territory and South Australia.
    • Carinavalva Ising : It contains only one species:
    • Cuphonotus O.E. Schulz : The only two species occur in all Australian states.
    • Drabastrum (F.Muell.) OESchulz : It contains only one type:
      • Drabastrum alpestre (F.Muell.) OESchulz : It occurs only in the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria.
    • Geococcus J. Drumm . ex Harv. : It contains only one type:
      • Geococcus pusillus J.L.Drumm. ex Harv. : It occurs only in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania.
    • Harmsiodoxa O.E.Schulz : The only three types do not come in all Australian states Australia, but in Tasmania before.
    • Irenepharsus Hewson : The only three species occur only in the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria.
    • Menkea clay. : The approximately six species occur in all Australian states of Australia, but not in Tasmania.
    • Microlepidium F. Muell. : The only two types occur in Australia.
    • Pachycladon Hook. f. : It contains about eleven species.
    • Pachymitus O.E.Schulz : it contains only one type:
      • Pachymitus cardaminoides (F.Muell.) OESchulz : It occurs only in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia.
    • Phlegmatospermum O.E. Schulz : The four or so species are only found in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia.
    • Scambopus O.E.Schulz : it contains only one type:
    • Stenopetalum R.Br. ex DC. : It contains about ten species.
  • Tribus Noccaeeae Al-Shehbaz, Beilstein & EAKellogg : It contains three genera with around 90 species in the northern hemisphere:
  • Tribe Notothlaspideae: It contains only one genus with about two species:
    • Notothlaspi Hook.f. : The only two species are only found in New Zealand.
  • Tribus Oreophytoneae: It contains only two genera:
    • Murbeckiella Rothm. : The approximately five species occur from Algeria and south-western Europe to the Caucasus.
    • Oreophyton O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
      • Oreophyton falcatum (Hochst. Ex A.Rich.) OESchulz : It occurs in north-east Africa and in East Africa.
  • Tribe Physarieae BLRobinson : Most species are native to North America and some Physaria species in South America; only one species extends from northern Canada via Alaska to arctic Russia. With about seven to eight genera and over 130 species:
    • Dimorphocarpa Rollins (sometimes in Dithyrea Harv. ): The four or so species are common in North America.
    • Dithyrea Harv. : The only two species occur in southwestern North America.
    • Lesquerella S.Watson (sometimes in Physaria (Nutt. Ex Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray ): It contains at least four species.
    • Lyrocarpa Hook. & Harv. : The only three species occur in California and Mexico.
    • Nerisyrenia Greene : The nine or so species occur in southern North America.
    • Paysonia O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz (sometimes in Lesquerella S.Watson ): The eight or so species occur in the southeastern United States.
    • Physaria (Nutt. Ex Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray : The approximately 105 species occur in western North America.
    • Synthlipsis A.Gray : The only two species occur in southern North America.
  • Tribe Schizopetaleae R.Br. : It contains only two (or about six or about 28 genera depending on the author, then including the genera of the tribe Thelypodieae):
    • Mathewsia Hook. & Arn. : The seven or so species occur in southern Peru and northern Chile.
    • Schizopetalon Sims : The ten or so species occur in Chile and neighboring Argentina.
  • Tribe Scoliaxoneae Al-Shehbaz & SIWarwick :
    • Scoliaxon Payson : It contains only one species:
  • Tribe Sisymbrieae DC. : It contains one to three genera:
    • Ochthodium DC. : It contains only one type:
      • Ochthodium aegyptiacum (L.) DC. : It occurs naturally only in Egypt and in the Asian part of Turkey. In Italy she is a neophyte.
    • Rauks ( Sisymbrium L. , syn .: Alaida F.Dvorák , Dimitria Ravenna , Dimorphostemon . Kitag , Lycocarpus O.E.Schulz , Mostacillastrum O.E.Schulz , Pachypodium . Webb & Berthel , Phlebiophragmus O.E.Schulz , Pseudofortuynia hedge , Schoenocrambe Greene , Velarum Rchb. ): The 40 or so species are mainly found in Eurasia and South Africa, one species occurs in western North America.
  • Tribe Smelowskieae Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one genus:
    • Smelowskia C.A. Mey . (Syn .: Ermania . Cham , Gorodkovia . Botsch & Karav. , Hedinia Ostenf. , Hediniopsis Botsch & VVPetrovsky. , Melanidion Greene , Redowskia Cham & Schltdl.. , Sinosophiopsis Al-Shehbaz , Sophiopsis O.E.Schulz ): which contains about 25 species occur in East Asia and western North America.
  • Tribus Stevenieae Al-Shehbaz, DAGerman & M.Koch : It was set up in 2011 and contains about three genera:
    • Macropodium W.T. Aiton : There are only about two species in Central Asia, on Sakhalin and in Japan.
    • Pseudoturritis Al-Shehbaz (Syn .: Turrita Wallr. Non L. ): It contains only one species:
      • Rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita ( L. ) Al-Shehbaz , Syn .: Arabis turrita L. ): It occurs in Central, South and Southeastern Europe, in North Africa and the Middle East.
    • Stevenia Adams ex fish. (Syn .: Berteroella O.E. Schulz , Ptilotrichum C.A.Mey. ): The four to eight species are common in East Asia.
  • Tribe Thelypodieae Prantl : It contains 27 to 29 genera with about 215 species mainly in the New World
    • Chaunanthus O.E.Schulz (Syn: Stanfordia S.Watson ): The approximately four species occur in Mexico.
    • Chilocardamum O.E.Schulz : The approximately four species occur in Argentina and Chile.
    • Chlorocrambe Rydb. : It contains only one type:
    • Dictyophragmus O.E. Schulz : It contains about three species in South America.
    • Dryopetalon A.Gray (Syn .: Coelophragmus O.E.Schulz , Rollinsia Al-Shehbaz ): The seven to nine species are found from the southwestern United States to northern Mexico.
    • Englerocharis Muschl. : The three to five species occur only in Peru and Bolivia.
    • Eremodraba O.E.Schulz : The only two species occur only at medium altitudes in the desert of southern Peru to northern Chile.
    • Hesperidanthus (BLRob.) Rydb. (Syn .: Thelypodium . Subg Hesperidanthus B.L.Robinson , Caulostramina Rollins , Glaucocarpum Rollins ): It contains about five species; they occur in the western United States and northern Mexico.
    • Hollermayera O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Ivania O.E. Schulz : There are only two species in Chile.
    • Mostacillastrum O.E.Schulz (Syn .: Phlebiophragmus O.E.Schulz ): it contains 17 to 31 species in South America.
    • Neuontobotrys O.E.Schulz (Syn .: Eremodraba O.E.Schulz ): It contains 11 to 14 species in South America.
    • Parodiodoxa O.E. Schulz : It contains only one type:
    • Phlebolobium O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Phravenia S.I.Warwick, Sauder & Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one species:
    • Polypsecadium O.E.Schulz : The approximately 15 species are widespread in South America from Colombia to Patagonia.
    • Pringlea W. Anderson ex Hook. f. : It contains only one type:
      • Kerguelenkohl ( Pringlea antiscorbutica R.Br. ex Hook. F. ) It is only native to a few sub-Antarctic islands in the Indian Ocean, including the eponymous Kerguelen .
    • Pterygiosperm O.E. Schulz : It contains only one species:
    • Romanschulzia O.E.Schulz (Syn .: Lexarzanthe Diego & Calderón ): The 13 to 14 species are distributed from the central and southern Mexico through Central America to Panama.
    • Sarcodraba Gilg & Muschl. (Syn .: Grammosperma O.E. Schulz , Ateixa Ravenna): The four or so species occur in southern South America, especially in Patagonia .
    • Sibara Greene nom. cons. (Syn .: Machaerophorus Schltdl. , Pterygiosperma O.E. Schulz , Werdermannia O.E. Schulz ): Of the 12 to 13 species, six occur in California and Baja California , six in northern Chile and Argentine Mendoza and Patagonia .
    • Stanleya Nutt. (Syn .: Podolobus Raf. ): The approximately seven species occur in the central and western USA.
    • Streptanthus Nutt. (Syn .: Agianthus Greene , Cartiera Greene , Caulanthus S.Watson , Disaccanthus Greene , Euklisia (Nuttall ex Torr. & A.Gray) Rydberg , Guillenia Greene , Icianthus Greene , Mesoreanthus Greene , Microsemia Greene , Microsisymbrium O.E.Schulz , Mitophyllum Greene non OESchulz , Pleiocardia Greene , Sibaropsis S.Boyd & TSRoss , Stanfordia S.Watson , Streptanthella Rydb. ): The 35 to 55 species occur in the central and western USA and in northern Mexico.
    • Thelypodiopsis Rydb. : The seven to ten species occur in the western United States and northern Mexico.
    • Thelypodium Endl. (Syn .: Pachypodium Nutt. Non Lindl. , Pleurophragma Rydb. , Stanleyella Rydb. ): The approximately 16 species occur in western to western-central North America and in northern Mexico.
    • Thysanocarpus Hook. : The five to seven species occur in western North America to northwestern Mexico.
    • Warea Nutt. : The four or so species occur in the southeastern United States.
    • Weberbauera Gilg & Muschl. (Syn .: Alpaminia OESchulz, Catadysia O.E.Schulz , Pelagatia O.E.Schulz , Stenodraba O.E.Schulz ): it contains 16 to 29 species in South America.
    • Zuloagocardamum Salariato & Al-Shehbaz : It was established in 2014 and contains only one species:
  • Tribe Thlaspideae DC. : It contains seven to twelve genera with over 27 species in Eurasia:
    • Alliaria Heist. ex Fabr. (Syn .: Pallavicinia Cocc. non Gray ): It contains only one species:
      • Garlic mustard ( Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande , Syn .: Alliaria officinalis Andrz. Ex M.Bieb. , Arabis petiolata M.Bieb. , Erysimum alliaria L. , Sisymbrium alliaria (L.) Scop. ): You is widespread in Europe, Morocco and Tunisia, in the Caucasus , in Western Asia , Central Asia , in Tibet and Xinjiang and on the Indian subcontinent. It occurs as a neophyte in many areas of the world.
    • Didymophysa Boiss. : The only two species occur from Iran to Central Asia and the Himalayas.
    • Elburzia Hedge : It contains only one species:
    • Graellsia Boiss. (Syn .: Physalidium Fenzl ): The seven to eight species occur from Iran to the Himalayas.
    • Pachyphragma (DC.) Rchb. (Syn .: Gagria M.Král ): It contains only one species:
    • Parlatoria Boiss. : The roughly three species occur in Southwest Asia.
    • Disc pods ( Peltaria Jacq. , Syn .: Bohadschia Crantz ): There are only three species left from the Mediterranean to Central Asia.
    • Peltariopsis (Boiss.) N.Busch : It contains only two species:
    • Pseudocamelina (Boiss.) N.Busch : The three to four species occur in Iran.
    • Pseudovesicaria (Boiss.) Rupr. : It contains only one type:
    • Sobolewskia M.Bieb. : The three to four species occur from the Mediterranean to the Caucasus.
    • Hellerkräuter ( Thlaspi L. , Syn .: Carpoceras (DC.) Link non A.Rich. , Thlaspidium Bubani non Mill. ): The six to seven species are common in temperate Eurasia.
  • Tribus Yinshanieae Al-Shehbaz, Warwick, Mummenh. et MAKoch : It contains only one genre:
    • Yinshania Ma & YZZhao ( Cochleariella Y.H.Zhang & Vogt , Cochleariopsis Y.H.Zhang , Hilliella (OESchulz) YHZhang & HWLi ): The approximately 13 species occur only in China, twelve of them only there.
Coluteocarpus vesicaria
Habit of stone jewelery ( Petrocallis pyrenaica )
  • Not yet incorporated into a tribe (selection):
    • Asperuginoides Rauschert : It contains only one species:
    • Camelinopsis A.G. Mill . : It contains only two types:
    • Chamira Thunb. : It contains only one type:
    • Christolea Cambess. ( Koelzia Rech. F. ): The only two species occur in China, one of them only there, the other also in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir, Nepal and Tajikistan.
    • Coluteocarpus Boiss. : There are about two species in the Middle East.
    • Dactylocardamum Al-Shehbaz : It contains only one species:
    • Dipoma Franch. : It contains only one type:
      • Dipoma iberideum Franch. : It thrives at altitudes of 3000 to 4600 meters in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.
    • Eurycarpus Botsch. (is also put to Solms-Laubachia ): The only two species occur in China, one of them only there, the other also in Kashmir .
    • Fourraea Greuter & Burdet : It contains only one species:
      • Arm-flowered rockcress ( Fourraea alpina (L.) Greuter & Burdet ; syn .: Arabis pauciflora (Grimm) Garcke , Arabis brassica (Leers) Rauschert ): It occurs in Europe from the Pyrenees and Italy to Central Germany and the Carpathians. According to Euro + Med, it is a synonym for Arabis pauciflora (Grimm) Garcke .
    • Heldreichia Boiss. : The one or two types occur in the Middle East.
    • Hemilophia Franch. : The five or so species are found in southwest China.
    • Idahoa A.Nelson & JFMacbr. : It contains only one type:
    • Petrocallis W.T. Aiton : It contains only one species:
      • Pyrenees stone jewelry or simply stone jewelry ( Petrocallis pyrenaica (L.) R.Br. ): It occurs in the European mountains of the Pyrenees , the Alps and the Carpathians in the countries of Germany, Austria, France, Italy, Central Europe, Slovenia, Slovakia and Croatia before.
    • Raphanorhyncha Rollins : it contains only one species:

swell

  • The Brassicaceae family on the AP website (Systematics and Description sections).
  • The Brassicaceae family at DELTA by L. Watson & MJ Dallwitz (sections description and systematics).
  • Tai-yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 1-193 (English). . (Sections Description and Systematics)
  • Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 224 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). . (Sections Description and Systematics)
  • Suzanne I. Warwick, Klaus Mummenhoff, Connie A. Sauder, Marcus A. Koch, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Closing the gaps: phylogenetic relationships in the Brassicaceae based on DNA sequence data of nuclear ribosomal ITS region. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 285, No. 3-4, 2010, pp. 209-232, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-010-0271-8 . (Section systematics)
  • Marcus A. Koch, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Molecular systematics and evolution of "wild" crucifers (Brassicaceae or Cruciferae). In SK Gupta: Biology and breeding of Crucifers. (Biol Breed Crucifer). 2009, pp. 1–19, PDF file . (Section systematics)
  • Surinder Kumar Gupta: Biology and Breeding of Crucifers. CRC Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-4200-8608-9 .
  • Dimitry A. German, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Five additional tribes (Aphragmeae, Biscutelleae, Calepineae, Conringieae, and Erysimeae) in the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 13, 2008, pp. 165-170, doi : 10.3100 / 1043-4534 (2008) 13 [165: FATABC] 2.0.CO; 2 .
  • Mark A. Beilstein, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Sarah Mathews, Elizabeth A. Kellogg: Brassicaceae phylogeny inferred from phytochrome A and ndhF sequence data: tribes and trichomes revisited. In: American Journal of Botany. Volume 95, No. 10, 2008, pp. 1307-1327, doi: 10.3732 / ajb.0800065 .
  • C. Donovan Bailey, Marcus A. Koch, Michael Mayer, Klaus Mummenhoff, Steve L. O'Kane, Jr, Suzanne I. Warwick, Michael D. Windham, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Toward a Global Phylogeny of the Brassicaceae. In: Molecular Biology and Evolution. Volume 23, No. 11, 2006, pp. 2142-2160, doi: 10.1093 / molbev / msl087 , online.
  • Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, MA Beilstein, EA Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: An overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2-4, 2006, pp. 89-120, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z , PDF file .
  • SI Warwick, A. Francis, IA Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, 2006, No. 2-4, pp. 249-258, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0422-0 , PDF file; 189.37 kB .
  • EA Kamel, HZ Hassan, SM Ahmed: Electrophoretic Characterization and the Relationship Between Some Egyptian Cruciferae. In: OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences. Volume 3, No. 9, 2003, ISSN  1608-4217 , pp. 834-842, doi: 10.3923 / jbs.2003.834.842 .
  • Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz et al .: Systematics and Phylogeny of the mustard family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) at www.mobot.org . (Section systematics)
  • Database: BrassiBase, Version 1.2, March 2017 of the University of Heidelberg. (Section systematics)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spectrum of Science. June 2005, p. 38 ff.
  2. Jump up ↑ Thomas LP Couvreur, Andreas Franzke, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Freek T. Bakker, Marcus A. Koch, Klaus Mummenhoff: Molecular phylogenetics, temporal diversification and principles of evolution in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). In: Molecular Biology and Evolution. Volume 27, No. 1, 2010, pp. 55-71, doi: 10.1093 / molbev / msp202 .
  3. ^ Brassicaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 8, 2013.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Brassicaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 26, 2013.
  5. ↑ Marcus A. Koch, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Molecular systematics and evolution of "wild" crucifers (Brassicaceae or Cruciferae). In: SK Gupta: Biology and breeding of Crucifers. (Biol Breed Crucifer). 2009, pp. 1–19 (PDF). ( Memento from March 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Suzanne I. Warwick, Klaus Mummenhoff, Connie A. Sauder, Marcus A. Koch, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Closing the gaps: phylogenetic relationships in the Brassicaceae based on DNA sequence data of nuclear ribosomal ITS region. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 285, No. 3-4, 2010, pp. 209-232, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-010-0271-8 .
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo David John Mabberley: Mabberley's Plant-Book. A portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses. 3. Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge u. a. 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4 .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Stanislav Španiel, Matúš Kempa, Esteban Salmerón-Sánchez, Javier Fuertes-Aguilar, Juan F. Mota , Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Dmitry A. German, Katarína Olšavská, Barbora Šingliarová, Judita Zozomová-Lihová, Karol Marhold: AlyBase: database of names, chromosome numbers, and ploidy levels of Alysseae (Brassicaceae), with a new generic concept of the tribe. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 301, Issue 10, December 2015, pp. 2463–2491. doi: 10.1007 / s00606-015-1257-3 online. Database - AlyBase: database of names, chromosome numbers, and ploidy levels of Alysseae .
  9. ↑ Dubravka Naumovski: Germination ecology of seeds of endemic species Degenia velebitica (Degen) Hayek (Brassicaceae). In: Acta Botanica Croatica. Volume 64, 2, 2005, pp. 323-330 (PDF).
  10. ↑ a b Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Suzanne I. Warwick: Two New Tribes (Dontostemoneae and Malcolmieae) in the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 12, No. 2, 2007, pp. 429-433, doi : 10.3100 / 1043-4534 (2007) 12 [429: TNTDAM] 2.0.CO; 2 .
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Tai-yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 1-193 (English).
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Karol Marhold: Brassicaceae. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  13. ↑ a b c d e f Dimitry A. German, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Five additional tribes (Aphragmeae, Biscutelleae, Calepineae, Conringieae, and Erysimeae) in the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 13, No. 1, 2008, pp. 165-170 (here: p. 166), doi : 10.3100 / 1043-4534 (2008) 13 [165: FATABC] 2.0.CO; 2 .
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj Database: BrassiBase, Version 1.2, March 2017 of the University of Heidelberg.
  15. ↑ Dimitry A. German, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Dendroarabis, A New Asian Genus of Brassicaceae. In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 13, No. 2, 2008, pp. 289-291, doi: 10.3100 / 1043-4534-13.2.289 .
  16. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: A generic and tribal synopsis of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Taxon. Volume 61, No. 5, 2012, p. 935, abstract ( Memento of February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  17. ↑ P. Leins, K. Fligge, C. Erbar: Silique valves as sails in anemochory of Lunaria (Brassicaceae). In Plant Biology , Volume 20, Issue 2, March 2018, pp. 238–243. doi: 10.1111 / plb.12659
  18. ↑ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae tribe Lunarieae . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 596 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  19. ↑ Barış Özüdoğru, Galip Akaydın, Sadık Erik, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Klaus Mummenhoff: Phylogeny, diversification and biogeographic implications of the eastern Mediterranean endemic genus Ricotia (Brassicaceae) . In: Taxon . tape 64 , no. 4 , 2015, p. 727-740 , doi : 10.12705 / 644.5 (English, abstract).
  20. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae tribe Boechereae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 347 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  21. ^ SI Warwick, A. Francis, RK Gugel: Guide to Wild Germplasm of Brassica and Allied Crops (tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae) . Ed .: Multinational Brassica Genome Project. 3. Edition. Ontario 2009, Introduction (English, brassica.info [PDF; 35 kB ]).
  22. ^ SI Warwick, A. Francis, RK Gugel: Guide to Wild Germplasm of Brassica and Allied Crops (tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae) . Ed .: Multinational Brassica Genome Project. 3. Edition. Ontario 2009, Taxonomic Checklist and Life History, Ecological, and Geographical Data (English, brassica.info [PDF; 427 kB ]).
  23. ^ Search for "Sinapidendron" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
  24. ↑ a b c Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Brassicaceae . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 224 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  25. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Mark A. Beilstein, Elizabeth A. Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: An overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2–4, 2006, pp. 89–120 (here: p. 111), doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z , (PDF; 375 kB) .
  26. ↑ Otto Appel, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Generic limits and taxonomy of Hornungia, Pritzelago, and Hymenolobus (Brassicaceae). In: Novon. Volume 7, No. 4, 1997, pp. 338-340, digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fopenurl%3Fpid%3Dtitle%3A744%26volume%3D7%26issue%3D4%26spage%3D338%26~date%3D1997 IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D .
  27. ↑ Dimitry A. German, Nikolai Friesen, Barbara Neuffer, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Herbert Hurka: Contribution to ITS phylogeny of the Brassicaceae, with a special reference to some Asian taxa. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 283, No. 1–2, 2009, pp. 33–56, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-009-0213-5 , PDF file. ( Memento from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  28. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 10. Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1994, ISBN 951-9108-09-2 , p. 38.
  29. ↑ a b c d e f g h Diego Salariato, Fernando O. Zuloaga, Asunción Echeverría, Ihsan Al-Shehbaz: Molecular phylogenetics of tribe Eudemeae (Brassicaceae) and implications for its morphology and distribution. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , Volume 82, 2015. doi: 0.1016 / j.ympev.2014.09.030
  30. ↑ Diego L. Salariato, Fernando O. Zuloaga: Taxonomic placement of Onuris hauthalii (Brassicaceae: Eudemeae), based on morphology and multilocus species tree analyzes, and the recognition of the new genus Alshehbazia. In: Kew Bulletin , Volume 70, 2015, p. 49.
  31. ↑ a b Carlos Sanchez Ocharan, Eduardo Novoa: A new succulent genus within the Eudemeae (Brassicaceae) from Peru. In: Weberbauerella , Volume 1, February 2016, pp. 1–4.
  32. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Mark A. Beilstein, Elizabeth A. Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: An overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2–4, 2006, pp. 89–120 (here: p. 112), doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z , (PDF; 375 kB) .
  33. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Mark A. Beilstein, Elizabeth A. Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: An overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2–4, 2006, pp. 89–120 (here: p. 110), doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z , (PDF; 375 kB) .
  34. ↑ CD Bailey, IA Al-Shehbaz, G. Rajanikanth: Generic limits in the tribe Halimolobeae and the description of the new genus Exhalimolobos (Brassicaceae). In: Systematic Botany. Volume 32, No. 1, 2007, pp. 140-156, doi: 10.1600 / 036364407780360166 .
  35. ↑ a b c Diego L. Salariato, Fernando O. Zuloaga, Ihsan A. Al ‐ Shehbaz: A reevaluation of the Andean Genus Petroravenia (Brassicaceae: Thelypodieae) based on morphological and molecular data. In: Journal of Systematics and Evolution , Volume 58, Issue 1, January 2020, pp. 43–58. doi: 10.1111 / jse.12486
  36. ↑ a b Dmitry German, Ihsan Al-Shehbaz: A reconsideration of Pseudofortuynia and Tchihatchewia as synonyms of Sisymbrium and Hesperis, respectively (Brassicaceae). In: Phytotaxa , Volume 334, December 2018, pp. 95-98. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.334.1.17 online.
  37. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae tribe Iberideae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 563 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). (on-line).
  38. ↑ Dimitry A. German: A check-list and the system of the Cruciferae of Altai. In: Komarovia. Volume 6, No. 2, 2009, p. 86.
  39. ↑ Qiu-Shi Yu, Qian Wang, Ai-Lan Wang, Gui-Li Wu, Jian-Quan Liu: Interspecific delimitation and phylogenetic origin of Pugionium (Brassicaceae). In: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. Volume 48, No. 3, 2010, pp. 195-206, doi: 10.1111 / j.1759-6831.2010.00078.x .
  40. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Peter B. Heenan, Dagmar F. Goeke, Gary J. Houliston, Martin A. Lysak: Phylogenetic analyzes of ITS and rbcL DNA sequences for sixteen genera of Australian and New Zealand Brassicaceae result in the expansion of the tribe Microlepidieae. In: Taxon , Volume 61, Issue 5, 2012, pp. 970-979. Full text PDF ISSN  0040-0262 .
  41. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j L. Retter, GJ Harden: Brassicaceae . In: Gwen Jean Harden (Ed.): Flora of New South Wales. Revised edition. Volume 1, New South Wales University Press, Kensington 2000, ISBN 0-86840-704-6 , ( slightly modified html version ).
  42. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Mark A. Beilstein, Elizabeth A. Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae: An overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2-4, 2006, pp. 89-120, (here: pp. 105-106) doi: 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z , (PDF; 375 kB) .
  43. ^ A. Reza Khosravi, S. Mohsenzadeh, K. Mummenhoff: Phylogenetic position of Brossardia papyracea (Brassicaceae) based on sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. In: Fedde's repertory. Volume 119, No. 1–2, 2008, pp. 13–23, doi: 10.1002 / fedr.200811146 .
  44. ↑ a b Suzanne I. Warwick, Connie A. Sauder, Michael S. Mayer, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Phylogenetic relationships in the tribes Schizopetaleae and Thelypodieae (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS region and plastid ndhF DNA sequences. In: Botany , Volume 87, Issue 10, 2009, pp. 961-985. doi: 10.1139 / B09-051
  45. ^ A b Suzanne I. Warwick, Connie A. Sauder, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Systematic position of Ivania, Scoliaxon, and Phravenia (Brassicaceae). In: Taxon. Volume 60, No. 4, 2011, pp. 1156–1164, abstract ( Memento of February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  46. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Dimitry A. German, R. Karl, I. Jordon-Thaden, Marcus A. Koch: Nomenclatural adjustments in the tribe Arabideae (Brassicaceae). In: Plant Diversity and Evolution , Volume 129, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 71-76. doi: 10.1127 / 1869-6155 / 2011 / 0129-0044 PDF.
  47. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Nomenclatural notes on Eurasian Arabis (Brassicaceae). In: Novon. Volume 15, No. 4, 2005, pp. 519-524 (online) .
  48. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Brassicaceae tribe Thelypodieae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 676 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  49. ↑ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Ivania juncalensis, A Second Species of the Chilean Endemic Ivania (Brassicaceae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 15, No. 2, 2010, pp. 343-345, doi: 10.3100 / 025.015.0213 .
  50. ↑ Diego L. Salariato, Fernando Omar Zuloaga, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Revision and tribal placement of the Argentinean genus Parodiodoxa (Brassicaceae). In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 299, No. 2, 2013, pp. 305-316, doi: 10.1007 / s00606-012-0722-5 .
  51. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: A Revision of the Central American Genus Romanschulzia (Brassicaceae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 18, No. 1, 2013, pp. 1–12, doi: 10.3100 / 025.018.0102 .
  52. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: New or noteworthy taxa of Argentinean and Chilean Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Darwiniana. Volume 44, No. 2, 2006, pp. 359-362, PDF file .
  53. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: A Synopsis of the Genus Sibara (Brassicaceae). In: Harvard Papers in Botany. Volume 15, No. 1, 2010, pp. 139-147, doi: 10.3100 / 025.015.0107 .
  54. ↑ Diego L. Salariato, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Zuloagocardamum (Brassicaceae: Thelypodieae) a New Genus from the Andes Highlands of Northern Argentina. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 39, Issue 2, 2014, pp. 563-577. doi: 10.1600 / 036364414X680898
  55. ^ YH Zhang: Delimitation and revision of Hilliella and Yinshania (Brassicaceae). In: Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica. Volume 41, Number 4, 2003, pp. 305-349, abstract.

Web links

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