Ribbon flowers

Ribbon flowers
Evergreen candytuft ( Iberis sempervirens )
Systematics
Rosids Eurosiden II Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales) Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae) Tribe : Iberideae Genre : Ribbon flowers
Scientific name
Iberis
L.

The candytufts ( Iberis ) are a genus of plants in the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It includes several species that are popular ornamental plants for rock gardens . The main distribution of the genus comprising about 30 species is in the Mediterranean area .

description

The candytufts are annual to perennial herbaceous plants or dwarf shrubs . You are bald or have unbranched hair. Their leaves are often a bit fleshy.

Low candytuft ( Iberis spathulata )

The flowers are usually arranged in compressed, umbel-like, racemose inflorescences, which only lengthen at the fruiting time. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The sepals are almost erect. Of the four white, pink or purple, obverse- shaped petals , the two facing away from the inflorescence axis are often significantly enlarged. There are six stamens . The anthers are elongated to ovate. The pen is about as long as the ovary .

The pods are egg-shaped, rounded or inverted- heart- shaped and usually have a margin at the tip; the fruit valves are keeled or winged. Two mostly winged seeds are formed per fruit.

distribution

The genus Iberis is widespread in southern Europe, north Africa, and in front and central Asia. Because of their popularity as summer flowers or rock garden plants, some species are also cultivated outside their natural range and can occasionally grow wild in warm temperate climates .

Systematics

The genus of candytuft ( Iberis ) is usually placed together with the genus farm mustard ( Teesdalia ) in the tribe Iberideae. The relationship with morphologically similar genera such as cresses ( Lepidium ), light herbs ( Thlaspi ) or shepherd's purse ( Capsella ) is not clearly supported by recent molecular biological studies. These rather speak for a common descent with the genera Heliophila , Chamira and spoonweed ( Cochlearia ).

Depending on the processor, a distinction is made between 25 and 40 types . Type - species of the genus is Iberis semperflorens L.

species

Bitter candytuft ( Iberis amara )

Iberis aurosica subsp. cantabrica

Evergreen candytuft ( Iberis sempervirens )

Golden candytuft ( Iberis umbellata )

Here is a selection of the types:

• Bitter candytuft ( Iberis amara L. )
• Aurouze candytuft ( Iberis aurosica Chaix ); occurs in two subspecies in Spain and France
• Iberis bernardiana Gren. & Godr. (including Iberis bubanii Deville ); occurs only in the French and Spanish Pyrenees
• Iberis carnosa Willd. (Syn .: Iberis pruitii Tineo ); occurs in southern Europe and Tunisia
• Lashed candytuft ( Iberis ciliata All. ); occurs in southern Europe, north Africa and western Asia, in Europe in three subspecies
• Iberis contracta pers. ; occurs in several subspecies in Spain, Portugal and Morocco
• Iberis crenata Lam. ; occurs in Spain and Algeria
• Iberis fontqueri Pau ; is endemic to southern Spain
• Iberis gibraltarica L .; occurs in Spain and Morocco
• Middle candytuft ( Iberis linifolia L. , Syn: Iberis intermedia Guers. ); occurs in 3–6 subspecies, including:
  • Boppard candytuft ( Iberis linifolia subsp. Boppardensis ( Jord. ) Korneck )
• Iberis nana All. ; occurs only in Italy
• Iberis nazarita Moreno ; occurs only in southern Spain
• Iberis odorata L .; occurs in Greece, Turkey, North Africa and West Asia
• Feather candytuft ( Iberis pinnata L. )
• Iberis procumbens long ; occurs only in western Portugal and northwestern Spain
• Iberis runemarkii Greuter & Burdet ; occurs only in the Aegean
• Iberis sampaioana Franco & P.Silva ; occurs only in Portugal
• Rock candytuft ( Iberis saxatilis L. )
• Ever-blooming candytuft ( Iberis semperflorens L. )
• Evergreen candytuft ( Iberis sempervirens L. )
• Iberis simplex DC. (Syn .: Iberis taurica DC. ); occurs in Eastern Europe, Western Asia and the Caucasus region
• Low candytuft ( Iberis spathulata DC. ); is endemic to the Pyrenees
• Iberis stricta Jord. ; occurs only in France and Italy
• Umbelliferous candytuft or umbelliferous candytuft ( Iberis umbellata L. )

Surname

The generic name Iberis chosen by Linné is derived from the Latin hiberis for a plant family that is considered poisonous and similar to cress. and was taken from the older literature. There it was not always used in the current sense and was also used, for example, for species of the genus Kressen ( Lepidium ). The oldest source is said to be the mention by Galen , who referred to a medicinal plant from Spain ("Iberia"). Whether Dioscurides already wrote about Iberis is a matter of dispute . The corresponding chapter may have been inserted by a later copyist .

Trivia

The karst white butterfly , which is mainly native to southern Europe, likes to lay its eggs in the candytuft .

swell

literature

• Saiyad Masudal Hasan Jafri: Flora of West Pakistan 55: Brassicacae. Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi 1973 ( Iberis - online).
• ARP Da Silva, JA Franco: Iberis L. In: TG Tutin, NA Burges, AO Chater, JR Edmondson, VH Heywood, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . 2nd, revised edition. Volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York / Melbourne 1993, ISBN 0-521-41007-X , pp. 390–393 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
• KB Datta: Chromosome studies in Iberis L. with a view to find out the mechanism of speciation of the genus. In: Cytologia. Volume 39, No. 3, 1974: 543-551, doi: 10.1508 / cytologia.39.543 . (PDF file) .
• R. Franzen: Iberis L. In: Arne Strid (Ed.): Mountain Flora of Greece. Volume One . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge u. a. 1986, ISBN 0-521-25737-9 , pp. 331–334 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
• Ian C. Hedge: Iberis L. In: Peter Hadland Davis (Ed.): Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 1 (Pteridophyta to Polygalaceae) . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1965, ISBN 0-85224-159-3 , pp. 309-312 (reprinted 1997).
• M. Moreno Sanz: Iberis L. In: Santiago Castroviejo, Carlos Aedo, C. Gómez Campo, Manuel Laínz, Pedro Montserrat, Ramón Morales, Félix Muñoz Garmendia, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, Enrique Rico, S. Talavera, L. Villar (eds .): Flora Ibérica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. IV. Cruciferae – Monotropaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 1993, ISBN 84-00-07385-1 , p. 271-293 ( PDF file ).
• J. Reichling, KH Horz: Iberis . In: Rudolf Hänsel, Konstantin Keller, Horst Rimpler (eds.): Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Volume 5, Drugs E-O. 5th edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1993, ISBN 3-540-52638-2 , pp. 501-506.
• Kit Tan: Iberis L. In: Arne Strid, Kit Tan (Ed.): Flora Hellenica. Volume Two (Nymphaeaceae to Platanaceae) . ARG Gantner, Ruggell 2002, ISBN 3-904144-92-8 , p. 265-268 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, MA Beilstein, EA Kellogg: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): an overview. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 259, No. 2-4, 2006, pp. 89-120, doi : 10.1007 / s00606-006-0415-z .
2. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 10 Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Pp. 168-182, Helsinki 1994. ISBN 951-9108-09-2
3. ↑ Werner Greuter , HM Burdet, G. Long: Med Checklist . Volume 3, pp. 124-128, Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, Genève 1986. ISBN 2-8277-0153-7
4. ↑ ^{a b} David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina . Volumes 1 and 2. Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna Haupt-Verlag, 2004. ISBN 3-258-06600-0
5. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 302
6. ↑ Naturgucker 37 (2018), p. 13

Web links

Commons : Candytufts ( Iberis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Links to the profiles of the species occurring in Austria.