Farm mustard
| Farm mustard | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bare stalk mustard ( Teesdalia nudicaulis ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Teesdalia | ||||||||||||
| R.Br. |
The plant genus Bauernsenfe ( Teesdalia ) belongs to the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). The genus includes only three species that are native to Europe and the Mediterranean .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Teesdalia species grow as mostly annual , rarely perennial ( Teesdalia conferta ), herbaceous plants . The above-ground parts of the plant are bare or covered by a sparse, downy hair made of simple trichomes . The stems are single or multiple, unbranched and upright to ascending.
The leaves are mostly arranged in a basal rosette . The basal leaves are stalked and usually lyre-shaped, pinnate or pinnate, more rarely simple. There are no to only four stem leaves; they are smaller than the basal leaves, simple, sessile and serrated on the edge or with entire margins.
Generative characteristics
The flowers are in a terminal inflorescence that is initially umbrella- shaped due to the shortened axis , which elongates into a cluster when the fruit is ripe . The thin flower stalks are initially sloping upwards, when the fruit is ripe, horizontally.
The hermaphroditic flowers are radially symmetrical ( Teesdalia coronopifolia ) to zygomorphic , fourfold with double perianth . The four spread to ascending sepals are egg-shaped. The four white petals are at least as long as the sepals, obverse-shaped or oblong, only indistinctly nailed to the base. There are a total of six stamens in two circles (diplostemon) or there is often only one circle with four stamens in Teesdalia coronopifolia . The stamens have an appendage at their base. The anthers are egg-shaped. On the lateral stamens there is a nectar gland on each side , the middle glands are missing. The ovary contains only (two to) four ovules . The stylus is very short or absent. The scar is heady.
Stalked, broadly inverted-heart-shaped or rounded, strongly compressed pods perpendicular to the false septum are formed, which are slightly keeled and narrowly winged at the tip. The bald valves have protruding veins. The replum is rounded and the thin septum is fully formed. The seeds laid out in a row are wingless, slightly compressed and broadly ovate. The seed coat is network-like and thickly mucus when wet.
The basic chromosome number is x = 9, in Teesdalia conferta x = 10.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Teesdalia was in 1812 by Robert Brown set up , type species is Teesdalia nudicaulis . The botanical genus name honors the English gardener and botanist Robert Teesdale . However, with the name Guepinia by Toussaint Bastard, there is a name about six months older, which is why the common name Teesdalia had to be protected by a conservation proposal that became effective in 2015 when it was added to Appendix III of the ICN.
For a long time the genus only contained two species, until Oliver Appel in 1998 the only species of the genus Teesdaliopsis (Willk.) Rothm. incorporated into this genus. The genus Teesdalia was placed in the tribe of the Iberideae.
The genus Teesdalia occurs in Atlantic and sub-Atlantic Europe and the Mediterranean region. The two annual species are neophytes in Chile, Australia and North America .
The genus Teesdalia R.Br. nom. cons. contains only three types:
- Teesdalia conferta (Lag.) O.Appel (Syn .: Iberis conferta Lag. , Teesdaliopsis conferta (Lag.) Rothm. ): This endemic occurs only in the northwestern part of the Iberian Peninsula .
- Teesdalia coronopifolia (JPBergeret) Thell. (Syn .: Thlaspi coronopifolium J.P. Bergeret ): Home is the western and central Mediterranean area.
- Nacktstängeliger Bauer mustard ( Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) R.Br. in WTAiton , Syn .: Teesdalia iberis DC. )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Oliver Appel: The status of Teesdaliopsis and Teesdalia. (Brassicaceae). In: Novon. Volume 8, No. 3, 1998, p. 218, digitized .
- ↑ a b c d e R. Ortíz: Teesdalia. In: Santiago Castroviejo, Carlos Aedo, César Gómez Campo, Manuel Laínz, Pedro Montserrat, Ramón Morales, Félix Muñoz Garmendia, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, Enrique Rico, Salvador Talavera, Luis Villar (eds.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. IV. Cruciferae – Monotropaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 1993, ISBN 84-00-07385-1 , p. 252-254 ( floraiberica.es [PDF]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz : Teesdalia. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 564 (English, online ).
- ↑ M. Moreno: Teesdaliopsis. In: Santiago Castroviejo, Carlos Aedo, César Gómez Campo, Manuel Laínz, Pedro Montserrat, Ramón Morales, Félix Muñoz Garmendia, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, Enrique Rico, Salvador Talavera, Luis Villar (eds.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. IV. Cruciferae – Monotropaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 1993, ISBN 84-00-07385-1 , p. 269-270 ( floraiberica.es [PDF]).
- ↑ In: William Townsend Aiton (ed.): Hortus Kewensis; or, a catalog of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. 2nd Edition. Richard Taylor & Co., London 1812, p. 83 scanned .
- ^ Frans Stafleu, Richard S. Cowan: Taxonomic Literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (= Regnum Vegetabile. Volume 94). Volume I: A – G- 2nd edition. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht 1976, ISBN 90-313-0225-2 , p. 26 (online) .
- ^ A b Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz, Suzanne I. Warwick: (1854) Proposal to conserve the name Teesdalia (Cruciferae). In: Taxon. Volume 57, No. 4, 2008, pp. 1357-1358 (PDF).
- ↑ John EH Wiersema, John R. McNeill, Nicholas J. Turland, Fred R. Barrie, William R. Buck, Vincent Demoulin, Werner Greuter, David L. Hawksworth, Patrick S. Herendeen, Sandra Knapp, Karol Marhold, Jefferson Prado, Willem F. Prud'Homme van Reine, Gideon F. Smith: International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 - Appendices II-VIII. (= Regnum Vegetabile. Volume 157), 2015, Appendix III (online; enter “Teesdalia” in the search mask “Scientific name”).
- ^ Teesdalia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
- ↑ a b c Matthias H. Hoffmann: Biogeography and climatic differentiation of two annual species of Teesdalia R. Br. (Brassicaceae). In: Journal of Biogeography. Volume 27, No. 4, 2000, pp. 989-999, doi: 10.1046 / j.1365-2699.2000.00460.x .
