Leavenworthia
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Leavenworthia is a genus of plants in the cruciferous family(Brassicaceae). The range of about eight species is in the south and southeast of the USA .
description
Appearance and leaves
The Leavenworthia species are hairless, annual (winter annual) herbaceous plants with lying, branched stems that can sometimes be missing.
The foliage leaves , alternately arranged in basal rosettes and sometimes on the stem , are petiolate. The leaf blades are simple or pinnate-lyre-shaped with smooth leaf margins. The leaves standing on the stem are not eyed at the leaf base .
Inflorescences and flowers
The flowers are usually solitary on long inflorescence shafts, which grow out of the basal rosettes. Sometimes strong plants also form umbrella-cluster inflorescences with few flowers. The inflorescence axes lengthen until fruit formation , the inflorescence and later the infructescence are then also racemose .
The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four spread or slightly upright sepals are elongated or elongated-linear shaped; the pair on the side is not basal in the shape of a sack or bag. The four petals have shades of white, lavender, orange or yellow. They are much longer than the sepals. The shape of the free petals ranges from obovate, spatulate, inverted heart-shaped to inverted-lanceolate. The nail, which is much shorter than that of the petal plate, is slightly or deeply edged at the tip , rarely trimmed or blunt. Of the six (upright) stamens , four are the same length, the other two are shorter. The stamens are not widened at their base. The elongated anthers have a blunt tip. There are nectar- secreting sap glands on both sides and in the middle . Depending ovary are 5 to 25 ovules present. The clearly developed, slender or squat stylus ends in a capricious or sometimes weakly bilobed scar .
Fruits and seeds
There are sometimes fruit stalks present. The smooth or beaded, rarely pearl-like pods or pods are linear to oblong or almost spherical with a more or less round cross-section. They are broadly septate with complete septa. The replay is rounded. The seeds are arranged in a single row. The seed coat does not become slimy when wet.
Chromosome numbers
The basic chromosome number is x = 11, 12, 15.
Systematics
The genus Leavenworthia was 1837 by John Torrey in the Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York , 4 (1), pp 87-94, plate 5 with the type species Leavenworthia aurea Torr. set up . It is named after Melines Conklin Leavenworth (1796–1862), an American military doctor, physicist and botanist who carried out collections in the southeastern United States. The genus Leavenworthia belongs to the tribe Cardamineae Dum. within the family of the cabbage family (Brassicaceae).
The genus Leavenworthia contains about eight species:
- Leavenworthia alabamica Rollins ; is endemic to northwest Alabama
- Leavenworthia aurea Torr. ; occurs in Oklahoma and Texas
- Leavenworthia crassa Rollins ; is endemic to Alabama
- Leavenworthia exigua Rollins ; occurs only in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee
- Leavenworthia stylosa A. Gray ; is endemic to Tennessee
- Leavenworthia texana Mahler (also classified as a subspecies Leavenworthia aurea Torr. Var. Texana (Mahler) Rollins ); is endemic to Texas.
- Leavenworthia torulosa A. Gray ; occurs only in Kentucky and Tennessee
- Leavenworthia uniflora (Michx.) Britton ; occurs only in the USA (Indiana, Ohio, Missouri, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee).
Hazard and protection
Some species of Leavenworthia are listed as endangered by states in the United States.
swell
- Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, James B. Beck: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Brassicaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America . tape 7 . Oxford University Press, New York et al. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , Leavenworthia Torrey, pp. 485 (English, Leavenworthia - online [accessed February 23, 2011]). (Section description, distribution and systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Plants Profile: Leavenworthia Torr. gladecress. In: Plants Database. NRCS Natural Resources Concervation Service - USDA - United States Department of Agriculture, accessed February 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Leavenworthia Torr. In: Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed February 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ a b GRIN Taxonomy for Plants. Species Records of Leavenworthia . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area, accessed February 23, 2011 .
