Goosecress

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Goosecress
Blue rockcress (arabis caerulea)

Blue rockcress ( arabis caerulea )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Arabideae
Genre : Goosecress
Scientific name
Arabis
L.

The rock cress ( Arabis ) form a genus of plants in the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

Illustration of the wire-haired rockcress ( Arabis hirsuta )

Vegetative characteristics

The rock cress species are annual, biennial to perennial herbaceous plants . The aboveground plant parts are hairy very differently depending on the species. The upright or ascending stems are usually clearly hairy.

The leaves stand together in basal rosettes and are distributed on the stem. The basal rosette consists of stalked or sessile leaves. The usually numerous stem leaves are usually sessile. The leaf blade is usually simple, rarely lyre-shaped pinnate. The leaf margin is smooth or serrated. Their leaf base is heart-shaped or arrow-shaped, encompassing the stem. The leaf surface is glabrous or hairy.

Generative characteristics

The mostly simple, rarely branched, mostly racemose , rarely paniculate inflorescence usually contains no bracts.

The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four egg-shaped to elongated sepals have a membranous edge. The inner two sepals are weakly sagged at their base. The four clearly nailed, mostly spatula-shaped, elongated, obscure-lanceolate, rarely obovate petals are white, red, lavender, violet, blue or yellowish-white and their length is around half a centimeter. There are six stamens . In the ovary 10 to 86, often up to 110 ovules contained. The more or less clearly recognizable stylus ends in a cephalic or edged scar .

The more than 1 millimeter wide, mostly straight, rarely curved pods are flat, network-veined. They are not bumpy or constricted like a string of pearls. The seeds stand in a single row in the pod, they protrude to the middle of the septum and thus form a longitudinal line. They are alternately sunk into the septum of the pod. The septum is fully formed and without veins. For this reason, the fruit flaps are flat and hardly bumpy. The elongated to circular seeds are winged or edged.

The basic chromosome number is x = 8.

Alpine rockcress ( Arabis alpina )
Wire-haired rockcress ( Arabis hirsuta )
Brook rockcress (
Arabis soyeri )
Wocheiner sicklepod ( Arabis vochinensis )

Systematics and distribution

The generic name Arabis was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum . The diagnosis in Genera Plantarum also belongs to the Protolog . Synonyms for Arabis L. are: Arabidium Spach , Arabisa Rchb. , Euxena Calest. , Hylandra Á.Löve , Parryodes Jafri , Shortia Raf. , Stenophragma Čelak.

The genus Arabis belongs to the tribe Arabideae within the family Brassicaceae .

The genus Arabis comprises around 70 species worldwide, 30 of which are found in Europe. These numbers apply if the genera Turritis and Fourraea are separated from Arabis . Most of the North American species were placed in the genus Boechera .

The species native to Central Europe are:

  • Alpine rockcress ( Arabis alpina L. )
  • Auricular rockcress ( Arabis auriculata Lam. )
  • Blue rock cress, blue cress ( Arabis caerulea Haenke )
  • Hill rock cress , wall rock cress ( Arabis collina Ten. ): It occurs in southern Europe, western Europe, central Europe and south-eastern Europe.
  • Golden rock cress ( Arabis ciliata Clairv. )
  • Coarse-haired rock cress , also hairy rock cress, meadow rock cress ( Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. )
  • Dwarf rockcress iwS ( Arabis pumila agg.):
  • Rock rock cress ( Arabis nova Vill. ): According to Euro + Med, it occurs in Southern Europe, Central Europe, Southeast Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
  • Flat- potted rockcress ( Arabis planisiliqua (Pers.) Rchb .; Syn .: Arabis nemorensis (Hoffm.) WDJKoch )
  • Arrow rockcress , arrow-leaved rockcress ( Arabis sagittata (Bertol.) DC. )
  • Brook rock cress , gloss rock cress, jacquin rock cress ( Arabis soyeri Reuter et Huet , Syn .: Arabis jacquinii G.Beck ): It comes to Euro + Med in Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Slovenia , Poland, Slovakia, Bulgaria and Romania.
  • Sudeten rockcress ( Arabis sudetica Tausch ): It occurs in the Czech Republic, Austria, the Balkan Peninsula, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine and Turkey.
  • Wocheiner Cress ( Arabis vochinensis Spreng. )

Other types are (selection):

Outsourced species are:

swell

literature

  • Tai-yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , Arabis , pp. 113 (English, online ). (Section description)
  • Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Arabis. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 7: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-531822-7 , pp. 257 (English, online ). (Sections Description and Systematics)
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 664 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fopenurl%3Fpid%3Dtitle%3A669%26volume%3D2%26issue%3D%26spage%3D664%26date%3D1753~GB%3D~ IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D ).
  2. Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum. 5th edition. Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1754, p. 298 ( digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fopenurl%3Fpid%3Dtitle%3A746%26volume%3D%26issue%3D%26spage%3D298%26date%3D1754~GB%3D~ IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D ).
  3. ^ A b c d e Arabis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  4. ^ A b c Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  5. ^ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to Boechera (Brassicaceae). In: Novon. Volume 13, No. 4, 2003, pp. 381-391 (online) .
  6. ^ Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
  7. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw Karol Marhold: Brassicaceae. : Arabis. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  8. a b c d e f g h i Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz: Arabis . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 7, New York and Oxford 2010: [ww.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=102393 Arabis - online. ]
  9. a b c d e f g h i j k l m Tai-yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al-Shehbaz & Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae. : Arabis Linnaeus. - Same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 8: Brassicaceae .
  10. Werner Greuter, Hervé-Maurice Burdet, Guy Long (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 3: Dicotyledones (Convolvulaceae - Labiatae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1986, ISBN 2-8277-0153-7 , p. 54 ( online ).
  11. Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 10. Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1994, ISBN 951-9108-09-2 , p. 206.

Web links

Commons : Goose Cresses ( Arabis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files