Wire-haired rockcress

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Wire-haired rockcress
Wire-haired rockcress, illustration

Wire-haired rockcress, illustration

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Arabideae
Genre : Goosecress ( Arabis )
Type : Wire-haired rockcress
Scientific name
Arabis hirsuta
(L.) Scop.
Wire-haired rockcress, inflorescence

The wire-haired rockcress ( Arabis hirsuta ) is a species of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). Rough rock cress and hairy rock cress are also used as German trivial names .

description

This biennial herbaceous plant usually consists of several 10 to 80 cm (rarely up to 1 meter) high, stiff, upright stems . These grow from a basal rosette . The leaves growing on the stem and the narrow fruit pods lie against the stem. Both the stem and the leaves are densely covered with simple or forked hair. The mostly toothed stem leaves are 10 to 30 mm long and enclose the stem with 0.5 to 1 mm long ears or are seated with a broad base. The leaf base is arrow-shaped to rounded.

The hermaphrodite, four-fold flowers are clustered at the ends of the stems. The white petals are between 3 and 7 mm long, about twice as long as the sepals. The flowering period is May to June. Slender, cylindrical pods 25 to 52 mm long are formed. The narrow-winged, elongated, about 1 × 1.5 mm large seeds are reddish brown.

The number of chromosomes is n = 8, 16 or 32.

ecology

The hairy rockcress is a therophyte or a hemicryptophyte (including two-year-olds). The pollination of this species, the flowers of which contain both male and female organs, takes place via self- pollination or insect pollination . The spread of this species occurs through the wind .

distribution

The hairy rockcress occurs quite often in lime-lean grasslands, in poor meadows, on paths and embankments, in bushes or in sparse pine forests, also semi-ruderally on paths or in moors. It prefers dry, mostly calcareous soil.

According to Ellenberg , it is a semi-light plant, a moderate heat pointer and an order character type of sub-oceanic dry and semi-arid grasslands (Brometalia erecti). But it also occurs in societies of the Origanetalia order, the Thlaspietea class or the Erico-Pinion association. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Höfatsgebiet in Bavaria above the Gieselerwand up to an altitude of 2000 meters.

ingredients

The seeds contain the mustard oil hirsutin.

swell

literature

  • Margot Spohn, Marianne Golte-Bechtle: What is blooming there? The encyclopedia: over 1000 flowering plants from Central Europe. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-10326-9 .
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen. Interactive flora of Germany. Seeing - determining - knowing. The key to the flora . CD-ROM, version 2.0. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2004, ISBN 3-494-01368-3 .
  • Burkhard Fugmann (Ed.): Römpp-Lexikon Naturstoffe. Georg Thieme, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-13-749901-1 .
  • Tai-yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al-Shehbaz, Vladimir Dorofeev: Arabis. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2 , pp. 116 (English). PDF file online.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Oskar Sebald: Guide through nature. Wild plants of Central Europe . ADAC Verlag, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-87003-352-5 , p. 58 .
  2. ↑ G. Tischler: The chromosome numbers of the vascular plants of Central Europe . Junk, 's-Gravenhage 1950.
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  466 .
  4. ↑ Heinz Ellenberg : Vegetation of Central Europe with the Alps in an ecological, dynamic and historical perspective (=  UTB for science. Large series . Volume  8104 ). 5th, heavily changed and improved edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1996, ISBN 3-8252-8104-3 .
  5. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 594.

Web links

Commons : Wire-haired Rockcress ( Arabis hirsuta )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files