Rock cress
Rock cress | ||||||||||||
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Rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
Pseudoturritis | ||||||||||||
Al-Shehbaz | ||||||||||||
Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
Pseudoturritis turrita | ||||||||||||
( L. ) Al-Shehbaz |
The rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita (L.) Al-Shehbaz ; Syn .: Arabis turrita L. ), also called rock cress or rock cress, is the only species of the plant genus Pseudoturritis and belongs to the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It is mainly found in Eurasia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The rock cress grows as a deciduous, biennial to perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 40 to 80 centimeters. It forms a short rhizome . The one or more stems are upright. The above-ground, vegetative parts of the plant are covered with numerous stalked, two- to multi-rayed hairs.
The basal leaves are ovate to spatulate, often rather long, narrowed into the petiole. The many stem leaves are sessile, with a length of 5 to 15 centimeters mostly longer than the internodes , elongated to lanceolate, heart-shaped, encompassing the stem; the edge is serrated.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period in Central Europe extends from April to May. The first doldentraubige later by stretching the inflorescence axis traubige inflorescence is floriferous; the lowest flowers are often in the axils of bracts. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four sepals are 3 to 4 millimeters long. The four petals are 5 to 8 millimeters long and yellowish-white.
The steeply erect, relatively short fruit stalks with a length of 3 to 8 millimeters, the pods are more or less one-sided and nodding to arching overhanging. The pods are 7 to 4 inches long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide. The fruit valves are without a distinct median nerve. The seeds are in a row. The style is 1 to 2 millimeters long on the fruit.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
ecology
The rock cress is a hemicryptophyte .
Occurrence
The rock cress is widespread in southern , central and eastern Europe , in Algeria , Turkey , Georgia and in southern Russia .
The rock cress loves light and warmth. It thrives on calcareous or at least base-rich , dry to moderately dry soils . It occurs in Central Europe in light oak and summer linden mixed forests , also in the sedge-beech forest (Carici-Fagetum), but also in bushes such as the rock pear bushes ( Cotoneastro-Amelanchieretum ) and fringing societies of the order Origanetalia. The rock cress is generally considered to be a species of the order Quercetalia pubescentis. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the Grünten in Bavaria up to 1500 m above sea level.
Systematics
The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Arabis turrita by Carl von Linné as in his work Species Plantarum in Volume 2, pp. 665-666. The new combination to Pseudoturritis turrita was published in 2005 by Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz. Pseudoturritis turrita is the only species in the genus Pseudoturritis Al-Shehbaz . The genus Pseudoturritis belongs to the tribe of the Arabideae (some authors also the Stevenieae) within the family of the Brassicaceae .
literature
- Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Pseudoturritis turrita (L.) Al-Shehbaz, rock cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 465-466 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 595.
Web links
- Rock cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Arabis turrita L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 28, 2015.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Data sheet at BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany