Rock cress

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Rock cress
Rock cress (Pseudoturritis turrita)

Rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Arabideae
Genre : Pseudoturritis
Type : Rock cress
Scientific name of the  genus
Pseudoturritis
Al-Shehbaz
Scientific name of the  species
Pseudoturritis turrita
( L. ) Al-Shehbaz

The rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita (L.) Al-Shehbaz ; Syn .: Arabis turrita L. ), also called rock cress or rock cress, is the only species of the plant genus Pseudoturritis and belongs to the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It is mainly found in Eurasia .

description

illustration
Leaves and inflorescence
Cerebral inflorescence from above with four-fold flowers and flower buds
Habit and typically arched overhanging pods

Vegetative characteristics

The rock cress grows as a deciduous, biennial to perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 40 to 80 centimeters. It forms a short rhizome . The one or more stems are upright. The above-ground, vegetative parts of the plant are covered with numerous stalked, two- to multi-rayed hairs.

The basal leaves are ovate to spatulate, often rather long, narrowed into the petiole. The many stem leaves are sessile, with a length of 5 to 15 centimeters mostly longer than the internodes , elongated to lanceolate, heart-shaped, encompassing the stem; the edge is serrated.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period in Central Europe extends from April to May. The first doldentraubige later by stretching the inflorescence axis traubige inflorescence is floriferous; the lowest flowers are often in the axils of bracts. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four sepals are 3 to 4 millimeters long. The four petals are 5 to 8 millimeters long and yellowish-white.

The steeply erect, relatively short fruit stalks with a length of 3 to 8 millimeters, the pods are more or less one-sided and nodding to arching overhanging. The pods are 7 to 4 inches long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide. The fruit valves are without a distinct median nerve. The seeds are in a row. The style is 1 to 2 millimeters long on the fruit.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

ecology

The rock cress is a hemicryptophyte .

Occurrence

The rock cress is widespread in southern , central and eastern Europe , in Algeria , Turkey , Georgia and in southern Russia .

The rock cress loves light and warmth. It thrives on calcareous or at least base-rich , dry to moderately dry soils . It occurs in Central Europe in light oak and summer linden mixed forests , also in the sedge-beech forest (Carici-Fagetum), but also in bushes such as the rock pear bushes ( Cotoneastro-Amelanchieretum ) and fringing societies of the order Origanetalia. The rock cress is generally considered to be a species of the order Quercetalia pubescentis. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the Grünten in Bavaria up to 1500 m above sea level.

Systematics

The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Arabis turrita by Carl von Linné as in his work Species Plantarum in Volume 2, pp. 665-666. The new combination to Pseudoturritis turrita was published in 2005 by Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz. Pseudoturritis turrita is the only species in the genus Pseudoturritis Al-Shehbaz . The genus Pseudoturritis belongs to the tribe of the Arabideae (some authors also the Stevenieae) within the family of the Brassicaceae .

literature

  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Pseudoturritis turrita (L.) Al-Shehbaz, rock cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 465-466 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 595.

Web links

Commons : Rock cress ( Pseudoturritis turrita )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files