Jiangsu

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
江苏 省
Jiāngsū Shěng
Abbreviation : 苏 ( Pinyin : Sū)
Capital Nanjing
surface

 - Total
 - share in the
PRC

Rank 24 out of 33

102,600 km²
1.07%
 

population

 - Total 2016
 - density

Rank 5 out of 33

79,986,000 inhabitants
746 inhabitants / km²

Management type province
governor Wu Zhenglong
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About this picture
ISO-3166-2 code CN-JS
District level 13 cities
District level 55 city districts, 22 cities, 19 districts
Community level 750 large communities, 469 street districts, 64 communities, 1 nationality community

Jiangsu ( Chinese  江蘇  /  江苏 , Pinyin Jiāngsū , outdated: Post Kiangsu ) is a province in the east of the People's Republic of China , on the Yellow Sea. Jiangsu is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River . The Chinese short name is Su. The name Jiangsu is derived from the names of the two prefectures from which Jiangsu emerged in 1667 : Jiangning (present-day Nanjing ) and Suzhou .

geography

The capital of the province is Nanjing, other important places are Suzhou , Nantong , Wuxi and Changzhou . Neighboring provinces are: Anhui , Shandong , Shanghai , Zhejiang

Nanjing skyline

The topography of the province is in the south ( Yangtze - Delta ) and East ( Coast ) flat, hilly in the north and west to mountainous. The coastline is around 1,000 km long. Of all the provinces in China, Jiangsu has the highest proportion of plains and water and the lowest of hills and mountains. With the Taihu Lake and Hongze Lake are two of the largest lakes of the People's Republic of China in Jiangsu. The Imperial Canal , which was built in the 7th century and connects the Yangtze River and the Huang He , is largely located in Jiangsu. It is 690 km long within Jiangsu and is an important north-south artery.

population

Population development

At the end of 2016, Jiangsu had a resident population of 79.986 million people, which translates into a population density of 746 people per square kilometer.

Population growth has steadily declined in recent years. Between 2000 and 2010 the population grew by an average of 0.72% annually, by 2015 the increase had fallen to 0.2%. In 2016, due to the abandonment of the one-child policy, population growth rose to 0.27% or 223,000 people. The birth rate in 2016 was 9.76 per thousand inhabitants (or 779 600 newborns), the death rate was 7.03 per thousand. In 2016, the number of women of childbearing age fell by 530,000 to 20.65 million. Around 60% of women have a child, the proportion of women with two or more children has risen to 40%, so that higher population growth is expected temporarily.

The working-age population (ages 15 to 64) at the end of 2016 was 58.9639 million people, or 73.73% of the total population; compared to the end of 2015, the proportion of the total population had fallen by 0.41 percentage points. The proportion of people under the age of 15 was 13.51% and had risen by 0.17 percentage points, the proportion of people over 64 years was 12.77% and had increased by 24 percentage points. This results in a youth quotient of 18.33 (increase by 0.33 points compared to 2015) and an old age quotient of 17.33 (increase compared to 2015 by 0.43 points) or a dependency quotient of 35.66. In 2013, the average life expectancy was 78.8 years, which is above the Chinese average.

Population development in the province since 1964

year population
1954 census 41.252.192
1964 census 44.504.608
1982 census 60,521,114
1990 census 67.056.519
2000 census 73.043.577
2010 census 78.660.941
Guess 2016 79,990,000

Urbanization and cities

In 2016, Jiangsu's urban areas were home to 54.1665 million people, or 67.72% of the total population. This share has grown by 1.2 percentage points or 1.1082 million people compared to 2015. The degree of urbanization varies from region to region: in the south of the province almost 76% of the population lived in cities, while in the north it was just under 61%; in the center of the province the proportion was 64%. On the other hand, the urban population grew faster in the center by 1.62 percentage points and in the north by 1.55 percentage points than in the south by 0.68 percentage points. The reason for this is that the south of the province is the most developed economically. This has drawn numerous people from other regions of Jiangsu or China to the cities of South Jiangsu. Central Jiangsu has a stable industrial base, which means influx and emigration are balanced and urbanization is advancing rapidly. The north of Jiangsu is benefiting from heavy investments in transportation routes and housing, which is also driving urbanization.

Due to the relatively high urbanization, the province already had 11 megacities in 2010. The ten largest cities in the province with the actual urban settlement population as of the 2010 census are as follows:

rank city Residents rank city Residents
1 Nanjing 5,827,888 6th Nantong 1,612,385
2 Suzhou 4,083,923 7th Huai'an 1,523,655
3 Wuxi 2,757,736 8th Yancheng 1,136,826
4th Changzhou 2,257,376 9 Kunshan 1,118,617
5 Xuzhou 2,214,795 10 Yangzhou 1,077,531

language

There are Mandarin and Wu dialects spoken.

National minorities

The population of Jiangsu Province consists almost entirely of Han Chinese . The 2010 census found that only 0.49% of the resident population belonged to a national minority , which equates to 384,900 people. Of these, 99,100 people lived in the provincial capital Nanjing. The largest of the minorities are the Hui with 130,757 people in the 2010 census; the Hui are also native to Jiangsu. In addition, there were 49 535 Miao , 41 258 Tujia , 20 880 Zhuang , 18 896 Yi , 18 074 Manchu , 16 689 Bouyei , 13 089 Sui , 12 280 Dong and 10 691 Mongols in 2010 . It is estimated that among the non-long-term residents of Jiangsu (migrant workers) there are an additional 600,000 members of national minorities.

In Jiangsu there is a nationality community ( Lingtang der Hui community ), a large community that is treated as a nationality community ( Zhuzhen in the Luhe District of Nanjing ) and 39 nationality units at the village level. All over the province there are special facilities for the national minorities, v. a. Elementary and middle schools.

history

In a suicide attack on June 15, 2017 on a kindergarten by a mentally ill person, the latter died, seven other people and 65 people were injured.

Administrative structure

Jiangsu Province is made up of 13 prefecture-level cities . These are:

The two cities of Kunshan and Taixing as well as Shuyang County are administered directly by the provincial government.

economy

In 2015, the province had a GDP of 7.01 trillion yuan (1.125 billion US dollars), ranking second among the provinces of China. The GDP per capita was 95,259 yuan (US $ 14,343 / PPP : US $ 27,428) per year (4th place among Chinese provinces). The level of prosperity in the province was thus roughly on par with Hungary and was 176% of the Chinese average.

Jiangsu is now one of the wealthiest and most densely populated provinces in the People's Republic. Heavy industry, chemistry, mining and high tech are the industrial sectors that are represented here. Southern Jiangsu is one of the richest regions in China, while the north is one of the poorer areas. Despite its lack of resources, Jiangsu ranks first in industrial manufacturing; the production value is almost 24 percent above that of Guangdong, the province in second place.

energy

tourism

The Yangtze River Bridge , Changjiang Daqiao, is a technical masterpiece that the Chinese had to accomplish without foreign support because the Soviet advisers left the country in 1960 and Western experts considered the project technically impracticable. From 1960 to 1968, the two-story, two-lane railway and car bridge was built. It spans the Yangtze with a width of almost 20 meters and, with the feeders, is almost 7 kilometers long. The bridge rests on nine 80-meter-high pillars in the river, which is 20 meters deep here.

Suzhou's gardens have been laid out by wealthy officials, merchants and landlords over the past centuries. This is where dignitaries retired to spend the last few years of their lives in peace. The builders had the task of creating a maximum number of scenarios in a limited space. The most important elements were ponds and mountains. Since Suzhou is in a lowland, it was easy to create ponds, because there was already groundwater at a depth of 1–2 m. The earth gained by the excavation was heaped up to form mounds. The so-called Taihu stones are often found . The gardens should reflect a partly rural, partly urban atmosphere.

labour market

At the end of 2016, 47.5622 million people or 59.56% of the resident population were in employment. In the previous year there were 22,800 people or 0.2 percentage points more. Agriculture employed 8.4185 million people, or 17.7% of the workforce, the industrial sector employed 20.4517 million people, or 43% of the workforce, and the service sector employed 18.692 million people, or 32.42% of the workforce. Employment in agriculture fell by 0.7 percentage points in 2016, employment in the service sector rose by 0.7 percentage points, and the share of industry remained the same.

The share of the urban population in the working population was 57.72% or 31.2626 million people at the end of 2016. It rose by 500,400 people or 0.28 percentage points over the course of the year. In the south of Jiangsu, the urban working population increased by 1.66% in 2016, in the center by 2.08% and in the north by 4.01%. At the end of 2016, 352 100 city dwellers were registered as unemployed, around 2.2% fewer than in the previous year. Registered unemployment did not exceed the low level of 3.02% in 2016.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h 人口. In: 江苏 省 地 方志.江苏 省 地 方志 编纂 委员会 办公室, December 29, 2017, accessed on February 14, 2018 (Chinese).
  2. ↑ a b c d e 走进 江苏 行政 区划.江苏 省政府 门户 网站, May 18, 2018, accessed on August 24, 2018 (Chinese).
  3. ↑ 中国 统计 年鉴 -2013. Retrieved May 6, 2018 .
  4. ↑ China: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved May 6, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Jiangsu (China): Province, Cities & Counties - Population Statistics, Maps, Graphics, Weather and Web Information. Retrieved December 12, 2017 .
  6. ↑ a b 民族. In: 江苏 省 地 方志.江苏 省 地 方志 编纂 委员会 办公室, December 29, 2017, accessed on March 31, 2018 (Chinese).
  7. ↑ Entry with GTD ID 201706150025 in the Global Terrorism Database of the University of Maryland, accessed on August 20, 2018 .
  8. ^ National Data. Retrieved December 4, 2017 .

Coordinates: 33 ° 2 ′  N , 119 ° 42 ′  E