Liaoning

This article covers the Chinese province. The asteroid named after her is described under (2503) Liaoning . The aircraft carrier named after her is described under Liaoning (ship) .

辽宁 省
Liáoníng Shěng

Abbreviation : 辽 ( Pinyin : Liáo)
Capital	Shenyang
surface  - Total  - share in the PRC	Rank 21 out of 33 145,900 km² 1.52%
population  - Total 2016  - density	Rank 13 out of 33 43,780,000 inhabitants 290 inhabitants / km²
Management type	province
governor	Tang Yijun
ISO-3166-2 code	CN-LN
District level	14 cities
District level	59 city districts, 18 districts, 16 cities, 8 autonomous districts
Community level	585 large communities, 526 street districts, 313 communities, 78 nationality communities

Liáoníng ( Chinese  遼寧  /  辽宁 ) is a province in the northeast of the People's Republic of China .

geography

Liaoning is located in Manchuria , the southern part of northeast China. The province is bounded in the south by the Yellow Sea , in the southeast by North Korea , in the northeast by Jilin Province , in the west by Hebei and in the northwest by Inner Mongolia .

The Yalu is the border river between North Korea and China. It flows into the Korean Bay between Dandong (Liaoning) and Sinŭiju (North Korea).

Administratively, Liaoning is divided into 14 prefecture-level cities:

• Shenyang City (沈 阳 市),
• Dalian City (大连 市),
• Anshan City (鞍山 市),
• Fushun City (抚顺 市),
• City of Benxi (本溪 市),
• Dandong City (丹东 市),
• Jinzhou City (锦州 市),
• Yingkou City (营口 市),
• City of Fuxin (阜新 市),
• Liaoyang City (辽阳 市),
• Panjin City (盘锦 市),
• City of Tieling (铁岭 市),
• Chaoyang City (朝阳 市),
• Huludao City (葫芦岛 市).

Biggest cities

The ten largest cities in the province with the actual urban settlement population as of the 2010 census are as follows:

rank	city	population	rank	city	population
1	Shenyang	5,718,232	6th	Jinzhou	946.098
2	Dalian	3,902,467	7th	Yingkou	880.412
3	Anshan	1,504,996	8th	Panjin	857.993
4th	Fushun	1,318,808	9	Dandong	775.787
5	Benxi	1,000,128	10	Fuxin	750.283

history

Today's Liaoning Province, which was called Fengtian until 1929, was the Manchu heartland with Shenyang (Manchurian: Mukden ) as the capital of the Manchu Empire . After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty , the Manchu moved their capital from Shenyang to Beijing . After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the province was occupied by Japan and Russia , who also industrialized the region . The ports of Dalian and Lüshunkou (formerly known as "Port Arthur") were an important strategic point for the Russian Far East Fleet during the Russian occupation because they were ice-free.

Demography and Autonomy

Around 84% of the population are Han Chinese. Although the Manchu make up only 13% and that of the Mongols only 2% of the province's population, the six Manchu autonomous counties cover over 17% and the two Mongolian autonomous counties almost 6% of the area of ​​the province.

In 2013, the average life expectancy was 76.4 years, which is above the Chinese average. According to the 2010 census, the province's fertility rate is just 0.7 children per woman, making it one of the lowest in China and worldwide.

Population development

Population growth in the province since 1954.

year	population
1954 census	18,545,147
1964 census	26,946,200
1982 census	35,721,693
1990 census	39,459,697
2000 census	41,824,412
2010 census	43,746,323
Guess 2016	43,780,000

economy

With an economic growth of over 13 percent, Liaoning occupied first place among the globally comparable regions from 2008 to around 2012. The growth rates of the eight economically strongest regions in the eight economically strongest countries, the so-called "G8x8", are compared.

Liaoning is a traditional heavy industrial region. Due to significant coal and iron ore deposits, large steelworks were built as early as the first half of the 20th century, in the vicinity of which metal processing , mechanical engineering , shipbuilding and vehicle construction later settled.

The centers of the Chinese coal mining and steel industry are in the northeast of the provincial capital Shenyang near the city of Fushun , in the southwest with the city of Anshan , and in the east in Benxi . China's largest shipyard is located in Dalian . The automotive industry focuses on Shenyang with BMW Brilliance Automotive and Dandong with the bus manufacturer Huanghai . Liaoning also plays an important role in agricultural production.

Since 2013, in the course of the restructuring of Chinese industry, there have been many company closings and mass layoffs, especially in state-owned companies. In 2015 the region is in a deep recession.

tourism

The most important point for tourism is Dalian. There are sandy beaches and a few places to relax in and around the city.

Personalities

• Han Ying (* 1983), German table tennis player of Chinese descent
• Ma Long (*  1988 ), Chinese table tennis player
• Zhang Beiwen (* 1990), badminton player

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} China: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved May 6, 2018 . 
2. ↑ 中国 统计 年鉴 -2013. Retrieved May 6, 2018 . 
3. ↑ China Liaoning Business Guide ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Coordinates: 41 ° 23 '  N , 122 ° 58'  E