Arm-flowered rockcress

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Arm-flowered rockcress
Dried and pressed specimen of Fourraea alpina

Dried and pressed specimen of Fourraea alpina

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Genre : Fourraea
Type : Arm-flowered rockcress
Scientific name of the  genus
Fourraea
Greuter & Burdet
Scientific name of the  species
Fourraea alpina
( L. ) Greuter & Burdet

The arm- flowered rockcress ( Fourraea alpina ), also known as the little-flowered cabbage cress, is the only species of the plant genus Fourraea within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The arm-flowered rockcress is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 30 to 100 centimeters. It forms a short ascending "root stock" and is single to multiple stemmed. The upright, bare and blue-green stems branch out at most in the upper part. The basal leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The often long petiole is sometimes a little ciliate. The simple leaf blade is ovate to broadly elliptical and glabrous. The blue-green stem leaves are 5 to 14 centimeters long and lanceolate with a heart-shaped base encompassing the stem and with entire margins.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time in Central Europe is May to June. The racemose inflorescence is initially dense and usually contains 10 to 20 flowers; the inflorescence axis extends to the point of fruit ripeness, the infructescence is very loose and often over 30 centimeters long. The hermaphrodite flowers are four-fold with a double flower envelope . The four sepals are 3 to 4 millimeters long. The four petals are 5 to 8 millimeters long and white.

The pods stand on 7 to 16 millimeter long, protruding stems and are slightly angled upwards. The pods are 4 to 8 inches long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide. The fruit valves have a clear, continuous median nerve and delicate network-like side nerves. The single-row standing seeds are about 2 millimeters long. The stylus is only about 1 millimeter long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The arm-flowered rockcress is widespread from northern Spain over the Pyrenees to the western Alps , to France including Corsica , Switzerland and the Apennines ; it occurs in southern and central Central Europe with large gaps up to the Little Carpathians . It is a sub-Mediterranean floral element . In the Allgäu Alps , it occurs in the Tyrolean part of the Heuberg near Häselgehr at altitudes of up to 1300 meters.

The arm-flowered rockcress is warmth-loving and also about light-loving, but tolerates moderate shade. It thrives best on lime-rich or lime-poor, but base-rich, moderately dry soils . It grows mainly in light oak and mixed beech forests, in bushes and in fringing societies. It is supraregional a type of the downy oak forests (Quercetalia pubescentis).

Systematics

It was first published in 1767 under the name Turritis pauciflora by Johann Friedrich Carl Grimm and in the same year by Carl von Linné as Brassica alpina . Thereafter, Johann Daniel Leers described it again in 1775 as Turritis brassica , which Stephan Rauschert recombined in 1975 to Arabis brassica (Leers) Rauschert . Christian August Friedrich Garcke combined the Grimm name to Arabis pauciflora (Grimm) Garcke in 1858 and Werner Greuter and Hervé Maurice Burdet first put this species in 1984 as Fourraea alpina ( L.) Greuter & Burdet in its own genus Fourraea Greuter & Burdet .

Fourraea alpina is the only species in the genus Fourraea . It has not yet been classified in any tribe within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

literature

  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7 , pp. 170-342 .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Fourraea alpina (L.) Greuter & Burdet, Little-flowered cabbage cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 466.
  3. Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 598.

Web links

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