Alpine rockcress

Alpine rockcress
	Alpine rockcress ( Arabis alpina )
Systematics
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family :	Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe :	Arabideae
Genre :	Goosecress ( Arabis )
Type :	Alpine rockcress
Scientific name
	Arabis alpina
	L.

The alpine rock cress ( Arabis alpina ) is a species of the genus rock cress ( Arabis ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

illustration

Characteristic leaves

Habit and inflorescences

Flowers and fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The Alpine rockcress grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters. It has a branched stem .

The basal leaves are short stalked and arranged in rosettes. The leaf blade of the basal leaves is broadly oval and roughly serrated. The stem leaves are alternate and heart-shaped, encompassing the stem.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time extends from March to autumn, sometimes it also flowers in winter. The flowers are in a dense racemose inflorescence .

The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. There are four sepals . The four white petals are 6 to 10 millimeters long, and gradually narrow in the nail (differentiation to a similar kind).

The pods are 20 to 60 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

ecology

The alpine rockcress has sack-shaped lateral sepals in which nectar from glands of the flower base collects. When the sun is shining, however, access to them is blocked by the dust bag, which ensures better pollination. It scatters its seeds on snow.

Downy mildew Hyaloperonospora arabidis-alpinae (syn. Peronospora arabidis-alpinae ), which also affects other cruciferous plants, was found on Alpine rockcress for the first time . This type of downy mildew is on the “Mushrooms” red list of the state of Saxony. The systematic position of this powdery mildew was in 2004 by Göker et al. revised.

ingredients

The fruits contain glucoarabine .

Occurrence

The alpine rockcress is an amphiatlantic floral element . Arabis alpina is widespread in Europe , Greenland and eastern North America . In Europe, the alpine rockcress is known from lowlands to mountain regions at altitudes of around 3300 meters (e.g. Limestone Alps ). In the Allgäu Alps, the rock cress rises on the north ridge of the Biberkopf in Bavaria to an altitude of up to 2,420 meters.

This lime-loving plant prefers rubble, rubble and rock as a location. This cold-loving plant has also been preserved as a relic in the gorges of areas that usually harbor heat-loving plants (southern Harz, Franconian and Swabian Jura). It is a class of character of the Thlaspietea rotundifolii, but also occurs in moist plant communities of the Potentillion caulescentis association.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c Gustav Hegi : Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa , Volume IV / 1 (2nd edition), Carl Hanser Verlag Munich, 1958, pp. 248-251.
↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 467-468 .
↑ Red List "Mushrooms" of the State of Saxony , as a PDF file.
↑ Markus Göker, Alexandra Riethmüller, Hermann Voglmayr, Michael Weiss and Franz Oberwinkler: Phylogeny of Hyaloperonospora based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences. In: Mycological Progress , Volume 3, 2004, pp. 83-94.
↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich, 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 597.

literature

Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
Gustav Hegi : Illustrated Flora of Central Europe , Volume IV / 1 (2nd edition), Carl Hanser Verlag Munich, 1958, pp. 248-251.

Web links

Commons : Alpine rock cress ( Arabis alpina ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Arabis alpina L. s. str., alpine rockcress. In: FloraWeb.de.
Arabis alpina agg., Alpine rockcress species group. In: FloraWeb.de.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Arabis alpina L. s. st. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 29, 2015.
Distribution of Arabis alpina subsp. alpina in the northern hemisphere according to: Eric Hultén , Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0
Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
Data sheet from SG Aiken, MJ Dallwitz, LL Consaul, CL McJannet, RL Boles, GW Argus, JM Gillett, PJ Scott, R. Elven, MC LeBlanc, LJ Gillespie, AK Brysting, H. Solstad, and JG Harris: Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago at DELTA.

[Hegi1958-1] A ^b ^c Gustav Hegi : Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa , Volume IV / 1 (2nd edition), Carl Hanser Verlag Munich, 1958, pp. 248-251.

[Oberdorfer2001-2] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 467-468 .

[3] Red List "Mushrooms" of the State of Saxony , as a PDF file.

[Göker2004-4] Markus Göker, Alexandra Riethmüller, Hermann Voglmayr, Michael Weiss and Franz Oberwinkler: Phylogeny of Hyaloperonospora based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences. In: Mycological Progress , Volume 3, 2004, pp. 83-94.

[Dörr-Lippert-5] Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich, 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 597.