Limestone Alps

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The Limestone Alps are two mountain ranges about 600 kilometers long that accompany the mountain ranges of the Central Alps in the north and south.

rock

While the Central Alps mostly consist of crystalline rock ( granite , gneiss , crystalline slate ) ( Hohe Tauern ), the Limestone Alps are made up of lighter and more porous limestone . In addition to limestone, it can also be dolomite , marl , sand-lime brick and the like.

Classification

The mountain and land forms of the limestone Alps are very diverse and range from rugged peaks and walls to high plateaus and extensive karst areas . They are of economic importance. a. because of the drinking water source areas and many accessible stalactite and ice caves. The high alpine mountain ranges of the Kalkalpen are also summarized under the term Kalkhochalpen (in the Eastern Alps they almost reach the 3000m mark and have glaciers), the upstream Kollin-montanen as the Kalkvoralpen.

Limestone foothills

The limestone foothills are those parts of the limestone Alps that are less mountainous in character. They differ geomorphologically and ecologically, but not geologically, from the high limestone Alps. They form the transition from the Alpine foothills and are part of the Alpine foothills .

Northern Limestone Alps

Northern Limestone Alps

The Northern Limestone Alps are made up of Mesozoic rocks (especially Triassic) and are divided into the Pre-Limestone Alps and the High Limestone Alps.

Southern Limestone Alps

The Southern Limestone Alps are in front of the main Alpine ridge of the Eastern Alps to the south. They form several mountain ranges which together are around 450 kilometers long. They extend over Austrian, Slovenian and Italian territory. Geologically, they are largely attributed to the Southern Alps and partly to the Eastern Alps

Western Limestone Alps

The Western Limestone Alps are also known as the French Limestone Alps. It is a group of mountains in the western Alps that stretches from the Swiss Valais via the Savoie and Haute-Savoie departments to the Isère department.

Other names

  • Limestone zone of the Swiss pre-Alps
  • Helvetic Limestone Alps
  • Italian Limestone Alps

literature

  • Jan Nowak: About the construction of the Limestone Alps in Salzburg and in the Salzkammergut = O budowie Alp wapiennych w Salzburgu i Salckammergucie . In: Bulletin international de l'Académie des sciences de Cracovie . Series A. Acad. Liter. Cracoviensis, Krakau 1911, p. 58-112 .
  • Leopold Kober : 3. The Limestone Alpine Zone . In: The Geological Structure of Austria . Springer-Verlag, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-7091-9825-4 , p. 98 ( books.google.de - reprint of the 1938 edition).
  • R. Oberhauser: The structure of the Eastern Alps . In: The Geological Structure of Austria . Springer-Verlag, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-7091-3744-4 , p. 86–116 ( books.google.de - reading sample).

Web links

  • Chapter 3: The Northern Limestone Alps. In: Geology of the Alps Part 1: General and Eastern Alps ( steinmann.uni-bonn.de )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kalkvoralpen In: Mineralienatlas - Fossilatlas.
  2. ^ Nördlichee Ostalpen In: Mineralienatlas - Fossilatlas.
  3. ↑ Southern Eastern Alps In: Mineralienatlas - Fossil Atlas.
  4. ↑ G. Mutschlechner: The mass rocks of the North Tyrolean and Vorarlberg Limestone Alps . In: Tschermaks mineralogical and petrographic communications . tape 4 , no. 1 , 1954, ISSN  1438-1168 , pp. 386-395 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01140410 .
  5. ↑ René Hantke: Tectonics of the Helvetian Limestone Alps between Obwalden and the St. Galler Rhine Valley (=  quarterly publication of the Natural Research Society in Zurich . Volume 106 ). Fretz, Zurich 1961 ( ngzh.ch [PDF]).
  6. ↑ Alexander Tornquist: Geological guide through Northern Italy . Gebr. Borntraeger, 1902, The orography of the Italian Limestone Alps and The sequence of layers and the rocks of the Italian Limestone Alps ..., p. 9 ff . ( Text archive - Internet Archive ).