Alpen-Breitschötchen

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Alpen-Breitschötchen
Alpine Breitschötchen (Braya alpina)

Alpine Breitschötchen ( Braya alpina )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Euclidieae
Genre : Breitschötchen ( Braya )
Type : Alpen-Breitschötchen
Scientific name
Braya alpina
Sternb. & Hoppe

The Alpen-Breitschötchen ( Braya alpina ), also known as alpine pod cress , is a species of the genus Breitschötchen ( Braya ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). This endemic is a remarkable botanical rarity in the Eastern Alps . One of the few locations in Austria is the “ Gamsgrube ” special protection area above the Pasterzengletscherweg on the Großglockner .

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Vegetative characteristics

The Alpen-Breitschötchen grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of 5 to 10, rarely up to 15 centimeters. The purple-colored stalk is covered with two- to three-forked hairs ( trichomes ). The simple leaves are lanceolate.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period is from June to July. The hermaphroditic flowers have a double flower envelope . The four petals are 3 to 4 millimeters long and white, sometimes pale lavender, when they dry they turn purple.

With a length of 5 to 11 millimeters and a width of 1.5 millimeters, the fruit is 5 to 7 times as long as it is wide.

Etymology and history of research

The genus Braya was established in 1815 with the first description of its type Braya alpina by Kaspar Maria von Sternberg and David Heinrich Hoppe . The generic name Braya honors the then President of the Regensburg Botanical Society Franz Gabriel von Bray . The chamois pit in the Glockner area is already mentioned as a special find area.

The history of the discovery of the Alpen-Breitschötchen is documented in unusually detailed form in a report that was subsequently written by Hoppe in 1827. Hoppe had collected plants in the vicinity of Heiligenblut am Großglockner on July 8, 1813 and was busy preparing his harvest the following day when he was invited by the Heiligenblut host Pichler to ascend to the Pasterze area . He spontaneously decided to take advantage of the opportunity to climb up to the then barely developed or even scientifically explored high mountain region with an experienced local who knew the place. Pichler wanted to check the high alpine pastures there for sufficient vegetation for an uplift and led Hoppe into the Gamsgrube area. It did not take long until the experienced botanist Hoppe became aware of the isolated plant there ("what kind of creature are you"). Hoppe was aware of both the fact that he had discovered a previously unknown plant and that, with the transport options available at the time, he hardly had a chance of recovering a living specimen. He therefore only took a few specimen copies for his botanical collection and marked the place of discovery with sliced ​​stones in the hope of coming back later and being able to recover some plants with already ripe seeds for breeding. However, he did not succeed in this prudent project until a year later.

Location

The Alpine Breitschötchen is a raw soil pioneer, it prefers fine rubble soils and sandy moraines over limestone mica schists, such as those offered by the "drifting sand dunes" of the Gamsgrube. Since entering the chamois pit is forbidden, only a few get to see this rarity.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b K. v. Sternberg & DH Hoppe: Braya, a new genus of plants - compiled by Count Caspar von Sternberg and Professor Dr. Hoppe. In: Memoranda of the Royal Bavarian Botanical Society in Regensburg , First Department, pp. 65–75, 1815. (digitized version)
  2. ↑ B. Griehser, H. Wittmann: Braya alpina - floristic new find for the state of Salzburg (Austria). In: Scientific reports from the Hohe Tauern National Park , Volume 1, 1993, pp. 64–71. (Digitized version)
  3. ↑ a b c data sheet with photo In: Botanik im Bild - Flora von Österreich , January 26, 2005 with description from Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
  4. ↑ a b c ? Felix & Dr. Hoppe: History of the Braya alpina St. et Hp .; from the French after J. Gay, translated by Mr. Legationsrath Felix, with an addendum by Dr. Hoppe. In: Flora or Botanische Zeitung , Numero 16, pp. 241–248, 1827. (online)