Task Force D of the Security Police and the SD

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The Einsatzgruppe D of the Security Police and SD was one of the "special forces" in German-Soviet war . Object of Einsatzgruppen was the assassination of political opponents of the Nazi regime as well as the participation in the final solution , where part of the general policy of extermination in the Soviet Union and Roma , so-called anti-social elements and prisoners of war were shot.

She was assigned to the 11th Army of the Wehrmacht . Accordingly, southern Ukraine , Bukovina , Bessarabia , Crimea and the Caucasus were their areas of operation. In the summer of 1942 she moved in the wake of Army Group A to the Caucasus. After the Battle of Stalingrad , she and the Wehrmacht withdrew to the west. According to her own reports, she killed 91,728 people by May 1943.

Leadership and structure

leader
Partial commands

Sonderkommando 10a

Sonderkommando 10b

Sonderkommando 11a

  • SS-Sturmbannführer Paul Zapp (June 1941 to July 1942)
  • SS-Sturmbannführer Gerhard Bast (November / December 1942)
  • SS-Sturmbannführer Werner Hersmann (December 1942 to May 1943)

Sonderkommando 11b

Task Force 12

Operation rooms of the task force

Advance of the Einsatzgruppen in the war against the Soviet Union (1941)

Einsatzgruppe D was assigned to the 11th Army of the Wehrmacht in the Association of Army Group South . It had a strength of about 600 men. At the beginning of July 1941 it reached its starting position in northern Moldova . The first location was Piatra Neamț . On instructions from the Army High Command (AOK), the Einsatzgruppen leader Otto Ohlendorf took over the cordoning off in the border area with Romania . The AOK's mission was to prevent the Russian and Jewish population from being deported across the Dniester from the areas occupied by Romanian troops .

On July 22nd, the task force moved to Iași . At the beginning of August, the AOK deployed the task force, together with the Secret Field Police, to comb through the entire rear of the battle area for soldiers of the Red Army .

In mid-August the task force was in Ananyev , in the second half of September the AOK allowed the move to Nikolaev . At the beginning of November 1941 she was in Simferopol in the Crimea . There she carried out the murder known as the Simferopol massacre on the Jewish, Crimeanchak and Roma population of the city. It did not advance to Taganrog until July 1942 , and then to Voroshilovsk in the North Caucasus in August .

After the Battle of Stalingrad, she withdrew from the Caucasus region. The Simferopol site soon had to be evacuated and the task force relocated to Ovrutsch on the Pripjet . There the task force was used to fight the partisans. From that time on she was no longer able to pursue her original task; from that time on she was only a "fighting force", Ohlendorf reported to the Nuremberg Military Court .

Number of victims

According to the collective report of Einsatzgruppe D of April 8, 1942, total number 91,678. On April 17, 1942, another 50 shootings were reported. The last remaining report from the Einsatzgruppe dates from May 23, 1943. It no longer contains any information about Jewish victims.

Sonderkommando 10a

Sonderkommando 10a advanced in the eastern Black Sea area and reached the foreland of the Caucasus. His reports usually only give a generalized number of victims, without specifying the location. In some cases, figures are completely missing, and it was only reported that places had been "overtaken in terms of security policy".

In the summer of 1941 it operated in the area between Bug and Dniester. In July 1941 it was ordered by the AOK to Belzy and advanced via Jampol to Berezovka . In September it followed the XXXX. Army Corps and then stood at Taganrog with outposts in cities north of the Sea of Azov . With the summer offensive of 1942 , it moved to Krasnodar and sent external commands to the Kuban area and the port cities on the Black Sea. In February 1943 the withdrawal to the west began.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Dimension of the genocide. The number of Jewish victims of National Socialism , Munich 1991, ISBN 3-486-54631-7 , p. 543.
  2. ↑ a b Jonathan Littell : Die Wohlgesinnten - Materialband , Berlin 2006, p. 66.
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Dimension of the genocide. The number of Jewish victims of National Socialism , Munich 1991, ISBN 3-486-54631-7 , p. 536, p. 543.